【摘要】：高塔結(jié)構(gòu)是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的重要設(shè)備,近年來(lái)高度與直徑比很大的塔結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)量逐漸增多,高塔結(jié)構(gòu)的重要載荷是風(fēng)載荷,風(fēng)載荷是一種典型的動(dòng)力載荷,在風(fēng)載荷與塔結(jié)構(gòu)的流固耦合相互作用下,會(huì)使塔結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生高頻的振動(dòng)和大幅度的變形,所以合理的塔結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)塔的抗風(fēng)能力有著重要影響。本文以某火力發(fā)電廠(chǎng)塔設(shè)備為研究對(duì)象,針對(duì)高塔在強(qiáng)風(fēng)中的振動(dòng)問(wèn)題,對(duì)塔設(shè)備提出了三種改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu),采用數(shù)值模擬的方法,分析了塔結(jié)構(gòu)周?chē)娘L(fēng)流場(chǎng),并對(duì)塔結(jié)構(gòu)及其改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了流固耦合振動(dòng)特性分析,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)根據(jù)某企業(yè)的工程應(yīng)用,基于A(yíng)NSYS Workbench中Design Modeler模塊建立了原塔結(jié)構(gòu)的有限元模型,在原塔結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上提出了三種改進(jìn)的塔結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)比分析了原塔結(jié)構(gòu)和改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)的固有頻率和振型,并分析了在靜力學(xué)風(fēng)載荷作用下原結(jié)構(gòu)和改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)的變形和應(yīng)力。結(jié)果表明,改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)前二階固有頻率和振型與原塔結(jié)構(gòu)接近,并且數(shù)值隨著加固高度的增加有先增大后減小的趨勢(shì),改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)的后四階固有頻率較原塔結(jié)構(gòu)的大,其數(shù)值隨著加固高度的增加而增加;在靜力學(xué)風(fēng)載荷的作用下,改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)很好的減小了原塔結(jié)構(gòu)的變形,并且隨著加固高度的增加塔的變形逐漸減小。(2)利用Fluent軟件對(duì)不同重現(xiàn)期風(fēng)速下的塔周?chē)牧鲌?chǎng)進(jìn)行了模擬,得出了塔的升力系數(shù)變化曲線(xiàn),通過(guò)Matlab對(duì)升力系數(shù)曲線(xiàn)對(duì)其進(jìn)行了頻率分析,與不同高度處的漩渦的理論脫落頻率進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,并分析了塔周?chē)膲毫退俣葓?chǎng)分布。結(jié)果表明,在5m左右高度處對(duì)應(yīng)的升力系數(shù)振幅最大,隨著高度的增加,漩渦脫落的頻率變快,并且風(fēng)速增大時(shí),對(duì)應(yīng)的升力系數(shù)振幅增大,頻率增加;在塔的迎風(fēng)面風(fēng)壓呈對(duì)稱(chēng)分布,在塔的背風(fēng)側(cè),不同風(fēng)速下和不同高度處的風(fēng)壓分布不同。(3)基于A(yíng)NSYS Workbench中的SYTEM COUPLING模塊對(duì)不同塔結(jié)構(gòu)在不同重現(xiàn)期風(fēng)速作用下進(jìn)行了雙向流固耦合模擬,對(duì)比分析了在不同重現(xiàn)期風(fēng)速下原塔結(jié)構(gòu)和改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)的順風(fēng)向振動(dòng)和橫風(fēng)向振動(dòng)。結(jié)果表明,在雙向流固耦合計(jì)算過(guò)程中,改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)在整個(gè)時(shí)程內(nèi)的每個(gè)時(shí)間步的最大位移和最大應(yīng)力的振動(dòng)平均值明顯小于原塔結(jié)構(gòu),改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)很好地改善了塔的整體振動(dòng)情況;在不同風(fēng)速下,改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)與原塔結(jié)構(gòu)順風(fēng)向的振動(dòng)頻率相同,改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)順風(fēng)向的振動(dòng)幅值要小于原塔結(jié)構(gòu);在不同風(fēng)速下,改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)的橫風(fēng)向振動(dòng)頻率并沒(méi)有明顯的規(guī)律高于原塔結(jié)構(gòu),但是在整體上,改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)在不同風(fēng)速下的橫向風(fēng)的振動(dòng)幅值要小于原塔結(jié)構(gòu),工程應(yīng)用中,可以根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)環(huán)境選擇不同加固高度的改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:Tower structure is an important equipment in industrial production. In recent years, the number of tower structures with large ratio of height to diameter has gradually increased. The important load of tower structure is wind load, and wind load is a typical dynamic load. Under the interaction of wind load and the fluid-solid coupling of tower structure, the tower structure will produce high frequency vibration and large deformation, so the reasonable tower structure has an important influence on the tower's wind resistance. In this paper, taking the tower equipment of a thermal power plant as the research object, aiming at the vibration problem of the tower in the strong wind, three kinds of improved structures are proposed for the tower equipment. The wind flow field around the tower structure is analyzed by numerical simulation. The characteristics of fluid-solid coupling vibration of tower structure and its improved structure are analyzed. The main contents are as follows: (1) according to the engineering application of a certain enterprise, the finite element model of the original tower structure is established based on the Design Modeler module in ANSYS Workbench. Based on the original tower structure, three improved tower structures are proposed. The natural frequencies and modes of the original tower structure and the improved tower structure are compared and analyzed. The deformation and stress of the original structure and the improved structure under static wind load are analyzed. The results show that the first second order natural frequency and mode shape of the improved structure are close to that of the original tower structure, and the value increases first and then decreases with the increase of the reinforcement height, and the second fourth order natural frequency of the improved structure is larger than that of the original tower structure. Its value increases with the increase of reinforcement height. Under the action of static wind load, the improved structure can reduce the deformation of the original tower structure. And with the increase of reinforcement height, the deformation of tower gradually decreases. (2) the flow field around the tower under different wind speed is simulated by using Fluent software, and the variation curve of tower lift coefficient is obtained. The frequency analysis of the lifting coefficient curve by Matlab is carried out, and the theoretical shedding frequency of vortex at different heights is compared, and the distribution of pressure and velocity field around the tower is analyzed. The results show that the amplitude of lift coefficient is the largest at the height of about 5m, and the frequency of vortex shedding becomes faster with the increase of height, and when the wind speed increases, the amplitude of the corresponding lift coefficient increases and the frequency increases. The wind pressure is symmetrically distributed on the upwind side of the tower, and on the leeward side of the tower, The distribution of wind pressure is different at different wind speeds and different heights. (3) based on the SYTEM COUPLING module in ANSYS Workbench, the two-way fluid-solid coupling simulation of different tower structures under different wind speeds during the recurrence period is carried out. The downwind vibration and crosswind vibration of the original tower structure and the improved structure under different reappearance periods are compared and analyzed. The results show that the average vibration value of the maximum displacement and maximum stress of each time step of the improved structure in the whole time history is obviously smaller than that of the original tower structure in the process of two-way fluid-solid coupling calculation. The improved structure can improve the whole vibration of the tower. Under different wind speed, the vibration frequency of the improved structure is the same as that of the original tower structure, and the amplitude of the improved structure is smaller than that of the original tower structure. Under different wind speed, the vibration frequency of crosswind direction of the improved structure is not obviously higher than that of the original tower structure, but on the whole, the amplitude of transverse wind vibration of the improved structure under different wind speeds is smaller than that of the original tower structure. The improved structures with different reinforcement heights can be selected according to the local wind environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ053.5

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