【摘要】：制漿造紙廢水的回用具有重大意義,但是回用造紙廢水的過程中遇到的回用水水質(zhì)不達(dá)標(biāo)、回用水的供給不穩(wěn)定、回用價(jià)格昂貴等問題成為制約造紙廢水回用的重要問題。本論文以膜處理技術(shù)為核心,探索該技術(shù)處理造紙廠外排水回用的可行性與經(jīng)濟(jì)性,為造紙廠回用外排水提供一條新道路。首先,以膜技術(shù)為根本,設(shè)計(jì)并且組裝了一個(gè)小型的廢水回用的工作站,工作站由多介質(zhì)過濾處理段、精密過濾處理段、超濾過濾處理段、反滲透過濾處理段組成,多介質(zhì)過濾段可除去水中的固體懸浮物、余氯以及部分COD;精密過濾器可以過濾掉多介質(zhì)過濾器未能除去的大于5μm的懸浮顆粒;超濾膜的過濾精度為0.02-0.2μm,可過濾掉多糖、蛋白質(zhì)、病毒等;反滲透過濾段可以除去水中的離子,使回用水達(dá)到造紙廠的回用要求。其次,用自來水以及藥品配水模擬造紙廠外排水,并通過該工作站處理。分別探索工作站連續(xù)工作的穩(wěn)定性、工作站對廢水電導(dǎo)率的處理效果、工作站對廢水COD的處理效果以及工作站的最佳運(yùn)行條件。經(jīng)過測試得出:(1)工作站運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定,連續(xù)工作24h其出水量、出水水質(zhì)均符合造紙廠用水的要求,但是24h后需要對設(shè)備進(jìn)行物理清洗。(2)工作站對廢水中的離子去除率達(dá)到96%以上,并且相對穩(wěn)定沒有明顯波動(dòng)。(3)模擬造紙廠外排水的指標(biāo),分別用COD為212mg/L、236mg/L、224mg/L的廢水通過工作站,檢測其COD的去除率分別達(dá)到94.33%、96.61%、96.42%。(4)溫度和反滲透膜的壓力是影響工作站運(yùn)行的主要參數(shù),經(jīng)過實(shí)驗(yàn)測定,工作站的最佳使用溫度為22-25℃,反滲透膜的最佳工作壓力為0.65MPa。最后,對工廠采用該工作站處理廢水的成本做出預(yù)算。經(jīng)過計(jì)算,工廠使用該工作站每噸水的成本大約為3.58元,并且隨著工作站規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大每噸水的成本會(huì)降低。
[Abstract]:The reuse of pulping and papermaking wastewater is of great significance, but the problems encountered in the process of reusing papermaking wastewater are not up to standard, the supply of recycled water is unstable, and the price of reuse is expensive, which has become an important problem restricting the reuse of papermaking wastewater. In this paper, the technology of membrane treatment is taken as the core to explore the feasibility and economy of this technology in treating the external drainage of paper mills, which provides a new way for the reuse of external drainage in paper mills. First of all, based on membrane technology, a small workstation for wastewater reuse is designed and assembled. The workstation consists of multi-media filter treatment section, precision filter treatment section, ultrafiltration treatment section, reverse osmosis filter treatment section. The solid suspensions in water can be removed by the multi-medium filtration section, the residual chlorine and some COD; precision filters can filter the suspended particles over 5 渭 m which cannot be removed by the multi-medium filter, and the filtration accuracy of the ultrafiltration membrane is 0.02-0.2 渭 m, which can filter out the polysaccharides and proteins. The reverse osmosis filter section can remove the ions in the water and make the recycled water meet the reuse requirements of the paper mill. Secondly, the external drainage of paper mill is simulated with tap water and drug distribution water, and treated by the workstation. The stability of the workstation in continuous operation, the effect of the workstation on the treatment of the conductivity of wastewater, the treatment effect of the workstation on the wastewater COD and the optimum operating conditions of the workstation were explored respectively. The test results show that: (1) the workstation runs stably, its output quantity and effluent quality meet the requirements of paper mill water for 24 hours, but the equipment needs to be physically cleaned after 24 hours. (2) the removal rate of ion in wastewater by workstation is over 96%. And there was no obvious fluctuation in relative stability. (3) the indexes of simulating the external drainage of paper mills were simulated. The waste water with COD of 212mg / L or 236mg / L or 224mg / L was used through the workstation, and the removal rate of COD reached 94.33mg / L 96.61g / L 96.42.4. (4) temperature and pressure of reverse osmosis membrane were the main parameters affecting the operation of workstation. The optimum operating temperature of workstation and reverse osmosis membrane are 22-25 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2221511