【摘要】：本論文主要以改善石墨烯的水溶性,使石墨烯能均勻分散在水性聚氨酯中,從而提高聚氨酯材料的性能。通過將石墨烯進(jìn)行功能化,然后制備出不同類型和不同粒徑的聚氨酯,采用溶液混合法制備出不同石墨烯含量的聚氨酯/石墨烯復(fù)合材料,并通過紅外、XRD、透射電鏡等手段對它們的結(jié)構(gòu)和性能進(jìn)行測試和分析。主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)利用聚氧乙烯-聚二甲基硅氧烷嵌段共聚物(PEG-b-PDMS-b-PEG,以下簡稱PEPS)對氧化石墨烯進(jìn)行表面修飾,然后用水合肼還原制備了一種水可分散的功能化石墨烯。通過對功能化石墨烯(FGNs)進(jìn)行微觀結(jié)構(gòu)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)FGNs均勻穩(wěn)定地分散在水中,阻止了石墨烯的堆積。研究了 GO的pH值對氧化石墨烯體系穩(wěn)定性的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)GO的pH在9.0左右時(shí)可得到穩(wěn)定分散的體系。(2)制備了兩種粒徑的陰離子聚氨酯,其中粒徑大的陰離子聚氨酯和FGNs混合后發(fā)生了明顯地團(tuán)聚沉淀,將細(xì)粒徑陰離子聚氨酯(AWPU)與功能化石墨烯混合制備了 AWPU/FGNs復(fù)合體系,通過XRD、TEM等結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌分析發(fā)現(xiàn)片狀石墨烯在AWPU膠束中均勻分散。TG、DSC等分析發(fā)現(xiàn)AWPU/FGNs的耐熱、氧氣阻隔性能明顯提高。當(dāng)FGNs的含量為2.0wt%時(shí),AWPU/FGNs的峰值熱釋放速率相比于純AWPU降低了 33.4%。(3)將陽離子聚氨酯(CWPU)與功能化石墨烯混合制備了 CWPU/FGNs復(fù)合體系,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)FGNs與CWPU之間有靜電相互作用,因此FGNs能更好地分散在CWPU基體中。TEM和SEM的形貌分析發(fā)現(xiàn),FGNs與CWPU具有很好的相容性。導(dǎo)電率測試結(jié)果表明,CWPU/FGNs的導(dǎo)電率比純的CWPU顯著提高。通過TG、DSC等測試,結(jié)果表明,CWPU/FGNs的耐熱性、力學(xué)和氧氣阻隔率顯著提高。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the water solubility of graphene, graphene can be uniformly dispersed in waterborne polyurethane, so as to improve the properties of polyurethane materials. Through the functionalization of graphene, different types of polyurethane with different particle sizes were prepared, and polyurethane / graphene composites with different graphene content were prepared by solution mixing method. Their structures and properties were tested and analyzed by means of IR XRD and TEM. The main contents are as follows: (1) the surface modification of graphene oxide was carried out by using PEG-b-PDMS-b-PEG (hereinafter referred to as PEPS), and then a water-dispersible graphene was prepared by hydrazine hydrate reduction. By analyzing the microstructure of functionalized graphene (FGNs), it is found that FGNs is uniformly and stably dispersed in water, which prevents the accumulation of graphene. The effect of go pH value on the stability of graphene oxide system was studied. It was found that stable dispersion system could be obtained when pH value of go was about 9.0. (2) two kinds of anionic polyurethane with large particle size were prepared and agglomerated and precipitated obviously after mixing of anionic polyurethane with large particle size and FGNs. The AWPU/FGNs composite system was prepared by mixing fine particle size anionic polyurethane (AWPU) with functionalized graphene. The structure and morphology analysis of AWPU/FGNs showed that flake graphene was uniformly dispersed in AWPU micelle. TG-DSC analysis showed that the heat resistance of AWPU/FGNs was found. The oxygen barrier performance is improved obviously. When the content of FGNs is 2.0 wt%, the peak heat release rate of Ampu / FGNs is 33.4% lower than that of pure AWPU. (3) Cationic polyurethane (CWPU) and functionalized graphene are mixed to prepare CWPU/FGNs composite system. It is found that there is electrostatic interaction between FGNs and CWPU. Therefore, FGNs can be better dispersed in CWPU matrix. Tem and SEM morphology analysis show that FGNs and CWPU have good compatibility. The conductivity test results show that the conductivity of CWU / FGNs is significantly higher than that of pure CWPU. The results showed that the heat resistance, mechanical properties and oxygen barrier rate of CWPU- / FGNs were significantly improved by TGG-DSC.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ127.11;TB332

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