【摘要】：本文綜述了濕法煙氣脫硫技術(shù)及設(shè)備的研究現(xiàn)狀。通過對比幾種典型的濕法煙氣脫硫工藝及其脫硫劑的研究和應(yīng)用情況，指出磷酸鈉緩沖溶液具有物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定，不會降解變質(zhì)，損耗低，且廉價易得，脫硫率高等優(yōu)勢，作為濕式可再生脫硫劑最具有應(yīng)用潛力。濕法煙氣脫硫設(shè)備的改進(jìn)和研發(fā)雖然取得了一定的研究成果，但仍存在設(shè)備體積龐大、傳質(zhì)效率低、氧化副反應(yīng)嚴(yán)重、結(jié)垢堵塞、運行成本高等問題，指出了旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床具有很高的開發(fā)應(yīng)用價值，，開發(fā)了新型的多級錯流旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床結(jié)構(gòu)，并將其作為吸收設(shè)備。進(jìn)行了超重力磷酸鈉法煙氣脫硫的理論和實驗研究，為旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床煙氣脫硫的工業(yè)化應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)和實驗數(shù)據(jù)。 在脫硫理論方面，計算了磷酸鈉緩沖溶液的飽和脫硫容量，并對其進(jìn)行了實驗驗證，理論值與實驗值的平均相對偏差不超過5%。飽和脫硫容量隨pSO2、初始pH值和CP的升高而增大。初始pH為7時，Cp=1mol/L的飽和脫硫容量在25g/L以上，是水吸收SO2的60倍左右。 在磷酸鈉脫硫富液抗氧化性方面，利用自制的鼓泡反應(yīng)裝置，采用動力學(xué)方法，設(shè)計正交實驗，測定了亞硫酸鈉在磷酸鈉緩沖溶液中的氧化速率，比較了各因素對磷酸鈉富液中亞硫酸鈉氧化速率的影響。結(jié)果表明，各因素對磷酸鈉脫硫富液中亞硫酸鈉氧化速率影響的顯著性順序為：C(Na2SO3)CPpHTG；在實驗操作范圍內(nèi)，亞硫酸鈉氧化速率為0.00116~0.01875mol/(L·h)。在C(Na2SO3)=10g/L，G=150L/h，pH=7，T=35°C的條件下，磷酸濃度為1mol/L時亞硫酸鈉的氧化速率是無磷酸時的54.3%，表觀活化能Ea=48.48kJ/mol，是無磷酸鈉存在時表觀活化能的23.4倍，說明磷酸鈉吸收劑能顯著降低亞硫酸鈉的氧化速率，磷酸鈉脫硫富液具有很好地抗氧化性能，能夠有效地減少硫酸鈉的積累和再生過程吸收劑的損耗。 在多級錯流床煙氣脫硫工藝方面，考察了超重力因子β、吸收液pH值、液氣比L/G、入口SO2濃度C1等工藝參數(shù)對脫硫率η的影響，并與水吸收SO2的傳質(zhì)性能進(jìn)行對比。結(jié)果表明，在CP=1mol/L、pH≈7、C1=2831mg/m3、u=1.5m/s、β=50、L/G=2L/m3的條件下，僅下方床層進(jìn)液時脫硫率η為82%，而兩床層等量進(jìn)液時的脫硫率η為97%，出口SO2濃度為85mg/m3，滿足國家新的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。當(dāng)進(jìn)一步提高液氣比L/G或超重力因子β時，出口SO2濃度可低于50mg/m3，滿足重點地區(qū)的排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。磷酸鈉緩沖溶液能夠適應(yīng)較寬的SO2濃度范圍。
[Abstract]:The research status of wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) technology and equipment is reviewed in this paper. By comparing several typical wet flue gas desulfurization processes and their application, it is pointed out that sodium phosphate buffer solution has the advantages of stable physical and chemical properties, no degradation and deterioration, low loss, low cost and high desulfurization rate. As a wet renewable desulfurization agent, it has the most application potential. Although the improvement and development of wet flue gas desulfurization equipment has made some achievements, there are still some problems such as large volume of equipment, low efficiency of mass transfer, serious side effects of oxidation, fouling and blockage, high operating cost, etc. It is pointed out that rotating packed bed is of high value in development and application. A new structure of multi-stage cross-flow rotating packed bed is developed and used as absorption equipment. The theoretical and experimental study on flue gas desulfurization by high gravity sodium phosphate method is carried out, which provides theoretical basis and experimental data for the industrial application of flue gas desulfurization in rotating packed bed. In terms of desulfurization theory, the saturated desulfurization capacity of sodium phosphate buffer solution was calculated and verified experimentally. The average relative deviation between the theoretical value and the experimental value was less than 5%. The saturated desulfurization capacity increases with the increase of pSO2, initial pH and CP. The saturated desulphurization capacity of 1 mol / L CpN at initial pH 7 is more than 25g/L, which is about 60 times as much as the absorption of SO2 by water. The oxidation rate of sodium sulfite in sodium phosphate buffer solution was determined by means of a self-made bubbling reaction device and orthogonal experiment. The effects of various factors on the oxidation rate of sodium phosphate rich sodium sulfite were compared. The results show that the order of influence of various factors on the oxidation rate of sodium sulfite rich in sodium phosphate desulfurization solution is in the order of: C (Na2SO3) CPpHTG, and in the range of experimental operation, the oxidation rate of sodium sulfite is 0.00116~0.01875mol/ (L h). Under the condition of C (Na2SO3) 10 g / L ~ (-1) G ~ (-1) pH = 7 ~ (7) T ~ (-1) T ~ (35 擄C), the oxidation rate of sodium sulfite is 54.3 when the concentration of phosphoric acid is 1mol/L, and the apparent activation energy is 48.48 kJ / mol / L, which is 23.4 times of the apparent activation energy in the absence of sodium phosphate, which indicates that sodium phosphate absorbent can significantly reduce the oxidation rate of sodium sulfite. The rich solution of sodium phosphate desulphurization has good oxidation resistance and can effectively reduce the accumulation of sodium sulfate and the loss of absorbent in regeneration process. In the multi-stage cross-flow bed flue gas desulphurization process, the effects of high gravity factor 尾, pH value of absorbent liquid, ratio of liquid to gas L / G, inlet SO2 concentration C1 on the desulfurization rate 畏 were investigated, and the mass transfer properties of SO2 absorbed by water were compared. The results show that under the conditions of pH 鈮

本文編號：2154194