【摘要】：在生物醫(yī)用材料領(lǐng)域,對羥基磷灰石(簡稱HAP)的研究一直都是熱門課題。由于羥基磷灰石與人骨成分極為相似,同時還具有較強的生物活性和生物相容性,所以羥基磷灰石是骨缺損修復(fù)最受追捧的原材料之一。但是人體骨骼的結(jié)構(gòu)十分復(fù)雜,例如人體骨骼的大型棒骨的結(jié)構(gòu)由內(nèi)而外呈梯度孔結(jié)構(gòu),最外層的骨密質(zhì)具有很強的力學(xué)性能,內(nèi)部的骨松質(zhì)具有三維的梯度孔結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)人體骨骼由于疾病、外傷等因素缺損時,就要求修復(fù)材料由內(nèi)而外具備與人體骨骼相似的梯度孔結(jié)構(gòu)。目前合成結(jié)晶度較高的HAP粉體以及制備孔隙率和孔徑尺寸可控、力學(xué)性能良好的HAP多孔陶瓷仍未能很好的解決。本文在合成羥基磷灰石粉體以及制備其多孔陶瓷方面進(jìn)行了有益的嘗試,并取得了一定的以下成果:一、采用化學(xué)沉淀法合成羥基磷灰石粉體。以氫氧化鈣和磷酸為原料合成了HAP粉體。結(jié)果表明,Ca/P摩爾比是影響產(chǎn)物物相組成的重要因素,當(dāng)Ca/P摩爾比為1.67時,合成產(chǎn)物為較純的HAP粉體。反應(yīng)溫度也是影響產(chǎn)物結(jié)晶度的重要因素,當(dāng)水浴溫度和熱處理溫度分別為60℃和900℃時,合成產(chǎn)物為結(jié)晶度較好的HAP粉體。二、運用穩(wěn)定顆粒微乳液法制備了HAP多孔陶瓷。結(jié)果表明,隨著燒結(jié)溫度增加,HAP多孔陶瓷的孔隙率逐漸減小,抗折強度逐漸增加。當(dāng)燒結(jié)溫度達(dá)到1200℃時,孔結(jié)構(gòu)分布均勻,燒結(jié)良好,孔隙率為78.5%,抗折強度為1.69MPa。三、采用熔鹽法制備了HAP模板晶粒,通過正交實驗討論HAP/熔鹽質(zhì)量比、熱處理溫度、保溫時間對晶粒尺寸和微觀形貌的影響。當(dāng)HAP/熔鹽質(zhì)量比1:3,熱處理溫度650℃,保溫時間3h,制備出的HAP模板晶粒發(fā)育良好,晶粒尺寸為15-25?m,符合增韌HAP多孔陶瓷的要求。四、采用模板晶粒強韌化HAP多孔陶瓷,制備了高孔隙率、孔徑均一并具有高抗折強度的HAP多孔陶瓷。當(dāng)模板晶粒摻合量為10 wt%時,HAP多孔陶瓷的孔隙率為68.22%,抗折強度為5.19MPa。
[Abstract]:In the field of biomedical materials, the study of hydroxyapatite (HAP) has been a hot topic. Hydroxyapatite is one of the most popular materials for bone defect repair because it is very similar to human bone and has strong bioactivity and biocompatibility. However, the structure of human skeleton is very complicated, for example, the structure of human bone is gradient pore structure from inside to outside, the outermost dense bone has very strong mechanical properties, and the internal cancellous bone has three dimensional gradient pore structure. When the human skeleton is damaged by disease and trauma, it is necessary to have the gradient pore structure similar to the human skeleton from inside to outside. At present, HAP powders with high crystallinity and controllable porosity and pore size have been synthesized, and HAP porous ceramics with good mechanical properties have not been solved. In this paper, hydroxyapatite powder and its porous ceramics have been prepared and some achievements have been made. Firstly, hydroxyapatite powder was synthesized by chemical precipitation method. HAP powder was synthesized from calcium hydroxide and phosphoric acid. The results show that the molar ratio of Ca / P is an important factor affecting the phase composition of the product. When the molar ratio of Ca/P is 1.67, the synthesized product is a pure HAP powder. The reaction temperature is also an important factor affecting the crystallinity of the product. When the temperature of water bath and heat treatment are 60 鈩，

本文編號：2145975