【摘要】：由于化工廠具有易燃易爆、危險性大、安全等級高、工藝要求供電可靠等特點,在該類工廠的電氣化設(shè)計中,既要滿足一般要求,又要結(jié)合特殊性,做出適當(dāng)調(diào)整,精細(xì)設(shè)計,優(yōu)化設(shè)計。廠房的電氣設(shè)計內(nèi)容主要包括:供配電系統(tǒng),照明系統(tǒng),工藝設(shè)備動力配電及控制系統(tǒng),火災(zāi)報警系統(tǒng),防雷接地系統(tǒng)等。本論文將從供電可靠及電氣節(jié)能兩方面采用更為合理的優(yōu)化方案。供電可靠是設(shè)計者的首先目標(biāo),供配電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計,需要負(fù)荷等級劃分,明確出那些是一級負(fù)荷,二級負(fù)荷,三級負(fù)荷,并對相應(yīng)的負(fù)荷做出不同的供電形式,采用不同的電源供電。隨著科技水平的不斷發(fā)展,電氣成套設(shè)備的技術(shù)含量和制造工藝水平也與日俱增,人們對供電可靠的要求越來越高,大多數(shù)企業(yè)在面對安全與成本方面時,更傾向于安全可靠,化工企業(yè)更是對安全尤為重視,不僅要求對工藝連續(xù)運轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)備供電可靠,更是對消防設(shè)備的電源采用更高的要求,本文從實際工作中常見的電氣施工圖著手,列舉出幾個常見設(shè)計方案,分析了某化工廠原有配電系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)缺點,針對原有系統(tǒng)的缺點,進(jìn)行了負(fù)荷分組,提出了優(yōu)化設(shè)計方案。電氣節(jié)能降耗,提高離心機(jī)設(shè)備使用率方面,采用了變頻器共直流母線及回饋單元并聯(lián)方案,通過對比變頻器共直流母線并聯(lián)前后離心機(jī)故障次數(shù),可知該方案降低了故障次數(shù),企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率得到了提高;通過回饋單元并聯(lián)前后電能測試的比較,變頻器在離心機(jī)剎車的時間內(nèi),降低了諧波污染,電壓電流波形變好,提高了電能質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:Because chemical plants have the characteristics of flammable and explosive, high risk, high safety grade, reliable power supply and so on, in the electrification design of this kind of plants, we should not only meet the general requirements, but also combine the particularity, make appropriate adjustment and fine design. optimal design The electrical design contents include power supply and distribution system, lighting system, power distribution and control system of process equipment, fire alarm system, lightning protection grounding system and so on. This thesis will adopt more reasonable optimization scheme from two aspects of power supply reliability and electric energy saving. Reliability of power supply is the first objective of designers. The design of power supply and distribution system needs to be divided into load levels, which are defined as primary load, second load, third class load, and different forms of power supply are made for the corresponding load. Use different power supply. With the continuous development of science and technology, the technical content and manufacturing technology level of electrical complete sets of equipment are also increasing day by day. The demand for reliability of power supply is higher and higher. Most enterprises tend to be more safe and reliable in the face of safety and cost. Chemical enterprises pay more attention to safety, not only require reliable power supply to continuous operation equipment, but also adopt higher requirements for power supply of fire fighting equipment. This paper enumerates several common design schemes, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the original distribution system in a chemical plant, carries out load grouping according to the shortcomings of the original system, and puts forward an optimized design scheme. In the aspect of electric energy saving and decreasing consumption, improving the utilization rate of centrifuge equipment, the parallel scheme of inverter common DC bus and feedback unit is adopted, and the number of faults of centrifuge before and after parallel connection of inverter common DC bus is compared. It can be seen that this scheme reduces the number of failures and improves the production efficiency of the enterprise. Through the comparison of the electric energy test before and after parallel connection of the feedback units, the inverter reduces the harmonic pollution and improves the voltage and current waveform during the braking time of the centrifuge. Improved power quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ083.1

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