基于激光誘導(dǎo)擊穿光譜的水泥品質(zhì)在線檢測研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-17 19:31
【摘要】：長期以來,水泥作為重要的膠凝材料,廣泛用于民用、工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、水利、交通和國防等工程。使用合格水泥是保證工程結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量和生命財產(chǎn)安全的必要前提,水泥品質(zhì)檢驗是水泥生產(chǎn)過程中的一個重要環(huán)節(jié),在整個水泥生產(chǎn)過程中原料配比是決定水泥品質(zhì)合格與否和成本高低的關(guān)鍵。及時掌握入窯水泥生料品質(zhì)尤其是各種主量元素氧化物的含量,就能通過調(diào)整各原料皮帶秤速率達(dá)到原料配比的最優(yōu)化,從而提高入窯合格率,保證水泥產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。然而,目前我國大多數(shù)水泥廠所采用的水泥品質(zhì)分析方法主要局限于人工化驗、X射線熒光法(X-Ray Fluorescence,XRF)等,操作繁瑣且耗時長,無法及時反饋水泥生產(chǎn)中生料品質(zhì),甚至有輻射危害,難以保障現(xiàn)代水泥工業(yè)的時效性和安全性。因此,水泥行業(yè)在滿足精度要求的同時,迫切需要發(fā)展一種更加快速的水泥品質(zhì)在線檢測方法。激光誘導(dǎo)擊穿光譜(Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy,LIBS)是一種新興的激光燒蝕光譜分析技術(shù),它利用高功率脈沖激光器與物質(zhì)相互作用產(chǎn)生熒光等離子體,并采用光學(xué)系統(tǒng)對熒光等離子體收集,最后依據(jù)等離子體光譜特性及元素特征發(fā)射譜線實現(xiàn)對樣品的定性與定量分析。該技術(shù)因具有可多元素同時分析、無需樣品預(yù)處理、分析速度快、安全無輻射等優(yōu)勢,是一種非常有潛力的水泥品質(zhì)在線測量方法。本文首先客觀地描述了水泥行業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及目前水泥行業(yè)的檢測方法;然后對LIBS技術(shù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、基本原理和技術(shù)特點進(jìn)行了介紹;接著對基于LIBS技術(shù)的水泥品質(zhì)在線檢測進(jìn)行了研究,驗證了該技術(shù)應(yīng)用于水泥品質(zhì)檢測的可行性;最后研制了基于LIBS技術(shù)的水泥品質(zhì)在線檢測設(shè)備。論文主要完成了以下工作:1.發(fā)展了為激光誘導(dǎo)擊穿光譜檢測提供連續(xù)均勻粉末樣品的氣動取送樣技術(shù),具有氣路穩(wěn)壓、油水過濾、管道反吹、氣粉濃度調(diào)節(jié)等功能,解決了在線取送樣中存在的堵灰、板結(jié)、不連續(xù)、不均勻、光學(xué)系統(tǒng)易受粉塵污染等問題,同時免去了傳統(tǒng)人工取樣和樣品制備過程,為實現(xiàn)水泥生料品質(zhì)的在線激光檢測提供了必要條件;2.提出了基于支持向量機光譜數(shù)據(jù)處理的定量分析方法,構(gòu)建了有效的數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理方法,對滿足LTE態(tài)的等離子體進(jìn)行了篩選,對元素特征譜線做了全譜歸一化以及二次篩選,最后使用Matlab工具包中的SVM函數(shù)對水泥生料中的CaO、SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3和MgO五種氧化物進(jìn)行了定標(biāo)建模,定標(biāo)模型對五種氧化物測量的平均絕對誤差分別為 0.22%,0.38%,0.18%,0.022%和 0.036%。3.經(jīng)過光、機、電、氣一體化系統(tǒng)集成,研制出水泥生料品質(zhì)激光在線檢測成套裝備,裝備由氣動取送樣裝置、激光檢測裝置、信號采集與控制模塊、遠(yuǎn)傳模塊和清潔裝置等組成,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對水泥生料氧化物含量及三率值的精確測量。工業(yè)現(xiàn)場測試結(jié)果證明,水泥生料氧化物測量精度:Al2O3(0.18%)、CaO(0.22%)、Fe2O3(0.022%)、MgO(0.036%)、SiO2(0.38%);三率值測量精度:KH(0.07)、SM(0.07)、IM(0.07);測量用時:1/3/5/10分鐘可選,維護(hù)周期:60天。
[Abstract]:Cement, as an important cementitious material, is widely used in civil, industrial, agricultural, water conservancy, transportation and national defense projects for a long time. The use of qualified cement is a necessary prerequisite for ensuring the quality of engineering structures and the safety of life and property. The quality inspection of cement is an important link in the process of cement production, and the raw materials are matched in the whole process of cement production. It is the key to determine whether the quality of cement is qualified or not. To master the quality of the raw material of the kiln in time, especially the content of various main element oxides, can be optimized by adjusting the belt scale rate of each material, thus improving the qualified rate of the kiln and guaranteeing the quality of the cement products. However, most of our country is now able to guarantee the quality of the cement. The cement quality analysis method used in cement plant is mainly limited to artificial testing, X ray fluorescence (X-Ray Fluorescence, XRF) and so on. It is complicated and time-consuming. It can not feed back the quality of raw material in cement production in time and even have radiation hazards, so it is difficult to ensure the timeliness and safety of modern cement industry. Therefore, the cement industry meets the accuracy of the cement industry. At the same time, it is urgent to develop a more rapid on-line detection method for cement quality. The laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS) is a new laser ablation spectrum analysis technique. It uses high power pulse laser to produce fluorescent plasma with the interaction of material, and uses optical system. Based on the characteristics of the plasma spectrum and the characteristic emission line of the element, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the samples is realized based on the spectral characteristics of the plasma and the characteristic emission lines of the elements. The technology is a very potential on-line measurement method for cement quality because of the advantages of simultaneous analysis of multi elements, no sample pretreatment, fast analysis, safety and no radiation. This paper first objectively describes the development status of cement industry and the testing methods of cement industry at present, and then introduces the development status, basic principle and technical characteristics of LIBS technology, and then studies the on-line testing of cement quality based on LIBS technology, and proves the feasibility of applying this technology to cement quality testing. Finally, the on-line testing equipment for cement quality based on LIBS technology has been developed. The following work has been completed in this paper: 1. it has developed a pneumatic sampling technique for providing continuous uniform powder samples for laser induced breakdown spectrum detection, which has the functions of gas circuit pressure, oil and water filtration, pipeline back blowing, gas powder concentration adjustment and so on. The existing problems of dust, slab, discontinuous, uneven, optical system are easily contaminated by dust pollution and so on. At the same time, the traditional artificial sampling and sample preparation process are avoided, and the necessary conditions are provided for the on-line laser detection of the quality of cement raw material. 2. a quantitative analysis method based on the spectral data processing of support vector machine is proposed, and the effective method is constructed. The data preprocessing method is used to screen the plasma which satisfies the LTE state. The element characteristic spectral lines are normalized by full spectral normalization and two screening. Finally, using the SVM function in the Matlab toolkit, the calibration modeling of five oxides of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and MgO in cement raw material is modeled. The calibration model is measured for five oxides. The mean absolute error is 0.22%, 0.38%, 0.18%, 0.022% and 0.036%.3., which are integrated by the integrated system of light, machine, electricity and gas. We have developed a complete set of laser on-line testing equipment for the quality of cement raw material. The equipment consists of the pneumatic sampling device, the laser detection device, the signal acquisition and control module, the remote transmission module and the cleaning device, which can realize the water to the water. Accurate measurement of oxide content and three rate of mud raw material. Industrial field test results show that the precision of oxide measurement for cement raw material: Al2O3 (0.18%), CaO (0.22%), Fe2O3 (0.022%), MgO (0.036%), SiO2 (0.38%); three rate measurement accuracy: KH (0.07), SM (0.07), IM (0.07); measurement time: 1/3/5/10 minutes, maintenance cycle: 60 days.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ172.66
本文編號：2130700
[Abstract]:Cement, as an important cementitious material, is widely used in civil, industrial, agricultural, water conservancy, transportation and national defense projects for a long time. The use of qualified cement is a necessary prerequisite for ensuring the quality of engineering structures and the safety of life and property. The quality inspection of cement is an important link in the process of cement production, and the raw materials are matched in the whole process of cement production. It is the key to determine whether the quality of cement is qualified or not. To master the quality of the raw material of the kiln in time, especially the content of various main element oxides, can be optimized by adjusting the belt scale rate of each material, thus improving the qualified rate of the kiln and guaranteeing the quality of the cement products. However, most of our country is now able to guarantee the quality of the cement. The cement quality analysis method used in cement plant is mainly limited to artificial testing, X ray fluorescence (X-Ray Fluorescence, XRF) and so on. It is complicated and time-consuming. It can not feed back the quality of raw material in cement production in time and even have radiation hazards, so it is difficult to ensure the timeliness and safety of modern cement industry. Therefore, the cement industry meets the accuracy of the cement industry. At the same time, it is urgent to develop a more rapid on-line detection method for cement quality. The laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS) is a new laser ablation spectrum analysis technique. It uses high power pulse laser to produce fluorescent plasma with the interaction of material, and uses optical system. Based on the characteristics of the plasma spectrum and the characteristic emission line of the element, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the samples is realized based on the spectral characteristics of the plasma and the characteristic emission lines of the elements. The technology is a very potential on-line measurement method for cement quality because of the advantages of simultaneous analysis of multi elements, no sample pretreatment, fast analysis, safety and no radiation. This paper first objectively describes the development status of cement industry and the testing methods of cement industry at present, and then introduces the development status, basic principle and technical characteristics of LIBS technology, and then studies the on-line testing of cement quality based on LIBS technology, and proves the feasibility of applying this technology to cement quality testing. Finally, the on-line testing equipment for cement quality based on LIBS technology has been developed. The following work has been completed in this paper: 1. it has developed a pneumatic sampling technique for providing continuous uniform powder samples for laser induced breakdown spectrum detection, which has the functions of gas circuit pressure, oil and water filtration, pipeline back blowing, gas powder concentration adjustment and so on. The existing problems of dust, slab, discontinuous, uneven, optical system are easily contaminated by dust pollution and so on. At the same time, the traditional artificial sampling and sample preparation process are avoided, and the necessary conditions are provided for the on-line laser detection of the quality of cement raw material. 2. a quantitative analysis method based on the spectral data processing of support vector machine is proposed, and the effective method is constructed. The data preprocessing method is used to screen the plasma which satisfies the LTE state. The element characteristic spectral lines are normalized by full spectral normalization and two screening. Finally, using the SVM function in the Matlab toolkit, the calibration modeling of five oxides of CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and MgO in cement raw material is modeled. The calibration model is measured for five oxides. The mean absolute error is 0.22%, 0.38%, 0.18%, 0.022% and 0.036%.3., which are integrated by the integrated system of light, machine, electricity and gas. We have developed a complete set of laser on-line testing equipment for the quality of cement raw material. The equipment consists of the pneumatic sampling device, the laser detection device, the signal acquisition and control module, the remote transmission module and the cleaning device, which can realize the water to the water. Accurate measurement of oxide content and three rate of mud raw material. Industrial field test results show that the precision of oxide measurement for cement raw material: Al2O3 (0.18%), CaO (0.22%), Fe2O3 (0.022%), MgO (0.036%), SiO2 (0.38%); three rate measurement accuracy: KH (0.07), SM (0.07), IM (0.07); measurement time: 1/3/5/10 minutes, maintenance cycle: 60 days.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ172.66
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