【摘要】：高氯酸鹽是一種持久性有毒物質(zhì),其使用和生產(chǎn)過程中的違規(guī)排放帶來了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染問題。作為一種新型處理技術(shù),微生物燃料電池(MFC)可在降解污染物的同時輸出電能,已成為環(huán)境能源技術(shù)的研究重點(diǎn)。因此,本研究以高氯酸鈉為模型污染物,開展了單室MFC反應(yīng)器處理高氯酸鹽廢水的研究。通過優(yōu)化MFC反應(yīng)器的啟動條件,考察了不同共存電子受體、不同氧化還原介體對MFC性能的影響,并探討了介體調(diào)控MFC性能的電子傳遞機(jī)理。MFC經(jīng)過140 h連續(xù)運(yùn)行,高氯酸鹽還原速率和產(chǎn)生的電壓趨于穩(wěn)定;初始高氯酸鹽濃度為150 mg·L-1和以乙酸鈉作為碳源時MFC的性能較好。不同種類、濃度的電子受體,對MFC性能產(chǎn)生了不同的影響。硝酸鹽和氯酸鹽的存在均抑制了高氯酸鹽的還原,當(dāng)硝酸鹽和氯酸鹽還原完全后高氯酸鹽開始還原,在硝酸鹽還原時產(chǎn)生了較高的電壓,而在氯酸鹽還原時產(chǎn)生了較低的電壓,當(dāng)硝酸鹽和氯酸鹽還原完全時電壓恢復(fù)到58 m V左右;高濃度硫酸鹽對MFC性能產(chǎn)生了不可恢復(fù)的抑制。熱力學(xué)分析結(jié)果表明,硝酸鹽、氯酸鹽和高氯酸鹽之間是電子競爭關(guān)系;電化學(xué)分析表明,硝酸鹽和氯酸鹽還原時提高了陽極電化學(xué)活性。通過分別考察抑制劑CuCl_2、NaN_3、雙香豆素、魚藤酮、二鹽酸喹吖因水化合物(QDH)、二環(huán)己基碳二亞胺(DCCD)、羰基氰基-3-氯苯腙(CCCP)和辣椒素對MFC性能的影響,結(jié)果表明NADH脫氫酶、NADH-Q還原酶、甲基萘醌、Fe-S蛋白(復(fù)合體Ⅰ)、ATP合成酶和FAD還原酶是MFC陽極呼吸鏈的重要組成部分。氧化還原介體刃天青、中性紅、亞甲基藍(lán)、蒽醌2,6-二磺酸鈉(AQDS)和鐵氰化鉀的添加,顯著的提高了MFC的性能。以刃天青為例,探討了氧化還原介體對MFC性能調(diào)控機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明:刃天青的存在降低了微生物胞外多糖分泌和增加了腐殖酸分泌,從而減少了從微生物胞外到陽極的電子轉(zhuǎn)移阻力;刃天青在MFC陽極呼吸鏈上的加速位點(diǎn)為:NADH還原酶,NADH-Q還原酶和甲基萘醌。
[Abstract]:Perchlorate is a persistent toxic substance, which causes serious environmental pollution due to illegal discharge during its use and production. As a new treatment technology, microbial fuel cell (MFC) can degrade pollutants and output electric energy at the same time, which has become the focus of environmental energy technology. Therefore, using sodium perchlorate as model pollutant, the treatment of perchlorate wastewater by single-chamber MFC reactor was studied. By optimizing the start-up conditions of MFC reactor, the effects of different co-existing electron receptors and different redox mediators on the performance of MFC were investigated. The reduction rate and voltage of perchlorate tend to be stable, and MFC has better performance when the initial concentration of perchlorate is 150 mg 路L ~ (-1) and sodium acetate is used as carbon source. Different types and concentrations of electron receptors have different effects on MFC performance. The presence of nitrate and chlorate inhibited the reduction of perchlorate. When the reduction of nitrate and chlorate was complete, the perchlorate began to reduce, which produced a higher voltage in nitrate reduction, but a lower voltage in chlorate reduction. When the reduction of nitrate and chlorate was complete, the voltage recovered to about 58 MV, and the high concentration sulfate inhibited the performance of MFC irreversibly. The results of thermodynamic analysis showed that there was an electronic competition between nitrate, chlorate and perchlorate, and the electrochemical analysis showed that the electrochemical activity of the anode was improved during the reduction of nitrate and chlorate. The effects of CuCl2NaN3, biscoumarin, rotenone, quinacrine dihydrochloride (QDH), dicyclohexyl carbodiimide (DCCD), carbonyl cyano-3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) and capsaicin on the performance of MFC were investigated. Methylnaphthoquinone Fe-S protein (complex 鈪，

本文編號：2130650