本文選題：生物質(zhì)油 + 乙酸　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：生物質(zhì)作為含碳的可再生資源,通過快速熱解直接得到生物質(zhì)油進(jìn)而加以能源化利用,是緩解能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境污染以及生物質(zhì)利用的重要方向。生物質(zhì)油具有較強(qiáng)酸性和高含水量等特點(diǎn),通過減壓蒸餾的分級(jí)處理后可得到基本不含水和酸的高沸點(diǎn)餾分(重質(zhì)組分)和富含水及少量酸、醛、酮、醇、酚等含氧有機(jī)物的低沸點(diǎn)餾分(輕質(zhì)組分)。重質(zhì)組分通過進(jìn)一步催化提質(zhì)可得到液體燃料,輕質(zhì)組分中的含氧有機(jī)物則可通過與水重整來制氫。 重整反應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵在于催化劑高效穩(wěn)定性和反應(yīng)條件經(jīng)濟(jì)性。因此,本論文以乙酸為生物油輕質(zhì)組分模型化合物,采用常壓固定床流動(dòng)態(tài)反應(yīng)工藝,開展鎳基催化劑上生物油輕質(zhì)組分低溫水蒸氣重整制氫研究,獲得如下主要研究結(jié)果： 采用浸漬法制備了MgO、Y-Al2O3、ZrO2和CeO2載體負(fù)載鎳的催化劑,通過考察其在乙酸低溫水蒸氣重整反應(yīng)中的反應(yīng)性能,獲得了乙酸在350℃的低溫常壓下轉(zhuǎn)化率接近100%、重整制氫活性高并且穩(wěn)定的Ni/CeO2催化劑。結(jié)果表明,Ni/MgO和Ni/γ-Al2O3催化劑由于Ni組分與載體相互作用很強(qiáng)導(dǎo)致其可被還原利用的金屬Ni少,不利于反應(yīng)；而Ni/CeO2催化劑由于Ni與Ce02相互弱作用,易于還原,可被利用的金屬Ni多,使其具有高的重整制氫能力。因此,載體與鎳之間的相互作用程度是影響催化劑重整制氫性能的主要因素。 以鈰鋯復(fù)合氧化物為載體,通過對(duì)不同Ce/Zr比CeO2-ZrO2載體負(fù)載Ni催化劑的研究,獲得了比Ni/CeO2催化劑性能更佳的Ni/CeO2-ZrO2乙酸水蒸氣重整制氫催化劑。不同Ce/Zr比主要影響了CexZr1-xO2固溶體的結(jié)構(gòu),并對(duì)負(fù)載Ni物種的可還原度、晶粒尺寸等產(chǎn)生影響。改變Ni的負(fù)載量以及焙燒溫度的研究進(jìn)一步表明了Ni/CeO2-ZrO2催化劑的催化性能與可還原的鎳物種的數(shù)目及其晶粒尺寸存在一定對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。 通過改變還原溫度、反應(yīng)溫度以及反應(yīng)物中乙酸含量,研究了Ni/CeO2-ZrO2催化劑的乙酸水蒸氣重整特性。結(jié)果表明,在該體系的催化劑上,乙酸的水蒸氣重整制氫存在二條途徑,在金屬Ni上可直接發(fā)生水蒸氣重整,而在載體上則通過酮基化形成丙酮再在鄰近的Ni組分上發(fā)生重整。
[Abstract]:Biomass as a carbon-bearing renewable resource, biomass oil is directly obtained by rapid pyrolysis and energy utilization, which is an important direction to alleviate the energy crisis and environmental pollution as well as biomass utilization. Biomass oil has the characteristics of strong acidity and high water content. The high boiling point fractions (heavy components) without water and acid can be obtained by the fractionation of vacuum distillation, which are rich in water, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, etc. A low boiling point fraction (light component) of oxygenated organics, such as phenol. Liquid fuel can be obtained by further catalytic extraction of heavy components, and hydrogen can be produced by reforming hydrogen with water by reforming oxygen-containing organic compounds in light components. The key of reforming reaction lies in the high stability of catalyst and the economy of reaction conditions. Therefore, in this paper, acetic acid was used as the model compound of light component of bio-oil, and the reaction process of fixed-bed flow state was used to study the hydrogen production of light component of bio-oil by low-temperature steam reforming of bio-oil on nickel-based catalyst. The main results are as follows: MgO- Y-Al _ 2O _ 3 ZrO _ 2 and CeO2 supported nickel catalysts were prepared by impregnation method, and their reaction performance in low-temperature steam reforming of acetic acid was investigated. The Ni / CEO _ 2 catalyst with high catalytic activity and stable hydrogen production activity was obtained. The conversion of acetic acid was close to 100 at 350 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2103914