本文選題：固體氧化物碳燃料電池 + 煤基碳燃料��； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤是地球上儲量最豐富、最廉價的化石能源,主要用于火力發(fā)電。傳統(tǒng)的燃煤火力發(fā)電技術(shù)能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率低,污染物排放量大,對環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重影響。固體氧化物燃料電池(SOFCs)能將煤高效、清潔地直接轉(zhuǎn)換為電能,是新一代發(fā)電技術(shù),對解決我國能源短缺和化石能源帶來的環(huán)境污染問題具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。適用于固體氧化物燃料電池的煤基碳燃料的制備技術(shù)是煤基燃料電池發(fā)電技術(shù)的重要組成部分,現(xiàn)階段是制約其應(yīng)用進(jìn)程的重要因素之一。研究并闡明碳燃料的理化性質(zhì)及其對燃料電池電化學(xué)性能的影響,對煤基碳燃料的制備具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。物質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)決定其性能。為了研究煤基碳燃料結(jié)構(gòu)與其電化學(xué)性能之間的關(guān)系,本論文采用KOH化學(xué)活化法對煤基碳燃料的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行修飾,研究碳燃料的理化性質(zhì)對其Boudouard反應(yīng)性的影響,進(jìn)而研究煤基碳燃料電池的電化學(xué)性能。本論文采用KOH法制備出三種不同比表面積的活性煤。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),具有較大比表面積的碳燃料,一般有較高的Boudouard反應(yīng)性,同時,碳燃料的微孔比表面積、孔徑分布、表面含氧官能團(tuán)、石墨化度等都是制約Boudouard反應(yīng)性的重要因素。以2067m2g-1活性煤為燃料時,電池的開路電壓(OCV)為0.877V,最大功率密度51 mW cm-2,碳利用率約是以煤為燃料時的6倍。本論文利用KOH法對冶金焦碳進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)修飾,其碳微晶結(jié)構(gòu)、微孔比表面積和含氧官能團(tuán)等理化性質(zhì)都得到顯著改善,較大幅度地提高了Boudouard反應(yīng)活性。以活性焦炭為燃料的OCV為0.97V,最大功率密度155 mW cm-2,碳利用率約是焦炭的6倍。結(jié)果表明,焦炭結(jié)構(gòu)的改善對其電化學(xué)性能的提高起著重要作用。本論文在600℃左右熱解煤制得半焦,并對半焦進(jìn)行KOH法處理得到活性半焦。結(jié)果表明,半焦的電化學(xué)性能優(yōu)于煤和焦炭。當(dāng)以半焦為燃料時,電池的最大功率密度為43.5 mW cm-2,碳的利用率約是煤的2.4倍。因此,熱解條件的優(yōu)化是提高煤基碳燃料性能的一種重要手段�？傊�,研究表明,KOH法處理和結(jié)構(gòu)修飾、熱解處理?xiàng)l件的優(yōu)化,對煤基碳燃料的理化性質(zhì)和電化學(xué)性能具有顯著的調(diào)控作用。具有較小的碳微晶結(jié)構(gòu)、較大的微孔比表面積和較多的含氧官能團(tuán)的碳燃料,表現(xiàn)出較高的Boudouard反應(yīng)性和電化學(xué)性能。
[Abstract]:Coal is the earth's richest and cheapest fossil energy, mainly for thermal power generation. Traditional coal-fired thermal power generation technology has low energy conversion efficiency and large pollutant emission, which has a serious impact on the environment. Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFCs) is a new generation of power generation technology, which can convert coal into electricity directly and efficiently. It is of great practical significance to solve the problem of energy shortage and environmental pollution caused by fossil energy in China. The preparation of coal-based carbon fuel for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) is an important part of coal-based fuel cell (CFC) power generation technology, and it is one of the most important factors restricting its application at this stage. The physical and chemical properties of carbon fuel and its influence on the electrochemical performance of fuel cell are studied and expounded, which is of great significance for the preparation of coal based carbon fuel. The structure of matter determines its performance. In order to study the relationship between the structure of coal based carbon fuel and its electrochemical performance, the structure of coal based carbon fuel was modified by Koh chemical activation method, and the effect of physical and chemical properties of carbon fuel on its Boudouard reactivity was studied. Then the electrochemical performance of coal-based carbon fuel cells was studied. In this paper, three kinds of activated coal with different specific surface area were prepared by Koh method. It is found that carbon fuels with large specific surface area generally have high Boudouard reactivity. At the same time, the micropore specific surface area, pore size distribution, surface oxygen functional groups and graphitization degree of carbon fuels are all important factors that restrict Boudouard reactivity. When 2067m2g-1 active coal is used as fuel, the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the battery is 0.877 V, the maximum power density is 51 MW / cm ~ (-2), and the carbon utilization ratio is about 6 times higher than that of coal as fuel. In this paper, the structure of metallurgical coke was modified by Koh method. The structure of carbon microcrystal, the specific surface area of micropores and the oxygen functional groups were improved significantly, and the Boudouard reaction activity was greatly improved. The OCV of active coke as fuel is 0.97 V, the maximum power density is 155 MW cm-2, and the carbon utilization ratio is about 6 times of that of coke. The results show that the improvement of coke structure plays an important role in improving the electrochemical performance of coke. In this paper, char was prepared by pyrolysis of coal at about 600 鈩，

本文編號：2099765