本文選題：化學(xué)鏈燃燒 + 化學(xué)鏈氧解耦　； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：化學(xué)鏈燃燒(CLC)是一項(xiàng)具有解決能源與環(huán)境問題潛力的創(chuàng)新性突破技術(shù),與傳統(tǒng)的燃燒方式相比,CLC具有低能耗捕集CO2,反應(yīng)溫度低,抑制NOx的產(chǎn)生,實(shí)現(xiàn)能量的梯級(jí)利用等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。化學(xué)鏈氧解耦(CLOU)是基于CLC的另一種新型燃燒方式,它的不同之處在于采用特殊的氧載體,該氧載體在低于其氧平衡分壓的狀態(tài)下能夠釋放出氣態(tài)的O2,直接與固體燃料發(fā)生反應(yīng),避免了燃料緩慢的氣化過程,從而大大的提高了整個(gè)反應(yīng)的速率�；瘜W(xué)鏈重整(CLR)也是從CLC發(fā)展出來的新技術(shù),基本原理相同,它的區(qū)別在于目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物是合成氣(CO和H2),而不是熱量。生物質(zhì)是一種可再生新能源,并且在使用過程中不會(huì)增加溫室氣體CO2的排放,其利用方式也一直備受關(guān)注。本文將化學(xué)鏈技術(shù)與生物質(zhì)利用相結(jié)合,從多個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了基于銅基氧載體的生物質(zhì)化學(xué)鏈利用實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,探討了其可行性,以及在不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下的效果。首先采用溶膠-凝膠法制備的CuO/CuAl2O4作為氧載體,木屑作為燃料,在流化床反應(yīng)器中探究了生物質(zhì)CLOU的可行性,討論了溫度的影響,并將木屑與無煙煤混合作為燃料,研究其協(xié)同作用。隨后探究了基于銅基氧載體的生物質(zhì)CLR利用的可行性,討論了氧載體和反應(yīng)器溫度對(duì)產(chǎn)氣組分、產(chǎn)氣率、碳轉(zhuǎn)化率、氣化效率以及焦油產(chǎn)量的影響。最后引入水蒸氣,探究了氧燃比、氧載體、水蒸氣-生物質(zhì)比和溫度對(duì)生物質(zhì)CLR過程的影響。結(jié)果表明溫度對(duì)生物質(zhì)CLOU有較大影響,隨著溫度的升高,碳轉(zhuǎn)化速率變快;將木屑用于CLOU,CO2捕集效率較低;當(dāng)木屑與無煙煤參混作為CLOU的燃料時(shí),CO2捕集效率大幅提高。對(duì)于生物質(zhì)CLR,使用銅基氧載體可以得到較高的產(chǎn)氣率和碳轉(zhuǎn)化效率,但是產(chǎn)氣熱值和氣化效率相應(yīng)減小;另外,使用銅基氧載體可以有效減少C2Hm和焦油的產(chǎn)生。在銅基氧載體和鐵基氧載體的比較上,并沒有一個(gè)決定性的結(jié)論,銅基氧載體的缺點(diǎn)在于為保證燃料反應(yīng)器的熱平衡犧牲了部分氣化效率和產(chǎn)氣的低位發(fā)熱量,鐵基氧載體的缺點(diǎn)在于較低的反應(yīng)性和碳轉(zhuǎn)化率,選擇銅基還是鐵基氧載體也取決于CLR的目的以及下游氣體處理過程。在焦油成分的分析方面,發(fā)現(xiàn)使用銅基和鐵基氧載體時(shí),大分子化合物含量減少,小分子化合物含量和種類增多,說明氧載體的存在使得焦油中大分子化合物發(fā)生了一定程度的分解。
[Abstract]:Chemical chain combustion (CLC) is an innovative breakthrough technology that has the potential to solve energy and environmental problems. Compared with the traditional combustion mode, CLC has the advantages of low energy consumption collecting CO2, low reaction temperature, inhibition of NOx production and the realization of cascade utilization of energy. Chemical chain oxygen decoupling (CLOU) is a new type of combustion mode based on CLC, and it is a new type of combustion method. The difference is that using a special oxygen carrier, the oxygen carrier can release the gaseous O2 under the state of the oxygen equilibrium pressure, which directly reacts with the solid fuel and avoids the slow gasification process of the fuel, thus greatly improving the rate of the whole reaction. The chemical chain reforming (CLR) is also a new technology developed from the CLC. This principle is the same, its difference is that the target product is synthetic gas (CO and H2), not heat. Biomass is a renewable new energy, and it will not increase the emission of greenhouse gas CO2 in the process of use. The feasibility of the biomass chemical chain of copper based oxygen carrier was studied, and its feasibility and effect under different experimental conditions were discussed. First, the CuO/CuAl2O4 prepared by the sol-gel method was used as the oxygen carrier and the sawdust was used as fuel. The feasibility of biomass CLOU was explored in the fluidized bed reactor, the effect of temperature was discussed, and the sawdust was used. The synergistic effect of the mixture of anthracite as fuel was studied. The feasibility of using the copper based oxygen carrier based biomass CLR was investigated. The effects of oxygen carrier and reactor temperature on gas production, gas production, carbon conversion, gasification efficiency and tar yield were discussed. Finally, the oxygen fuel ratio, oxygen carrier, and water vapor were investigated by the introduction of water vapor. The effect of biomass ratio and temperature on biomass CLR process shows that temperature has a great influence on biomass CLOU. With the increase of temperature, the rate of carbon conversion becomes faster; the use of wood chips for CLOU and CO2 capture efficiency is low; when wood and anthracite are mixed as fuel for CLOU, the efficiency of CO2 capture is greatly improved. For biomass CLR, the use of copper base is used. Oxygen carrier can get higher gas production rate and carbon conversion efficiency, but the gas producing calorific value and gasification efficiency decrease correspondingly. In addition, the use of copper base oxygen carrier can effectively reduce the production of C2Hm and tar. The heat balance of the reactor sacrificed the partial gasification efficiency and the low calorific value of gas production. The disadvantage of the iron base oxygen carrier is the lower reactivity and carbon conversion rate. The selection of copper based or iron base oxygen carrier also depends on the purpose of CLR and the process of downstream gas treatment. The use of copper and iron base oxygen carriers in the analysis of tar components is found. At the time, the content of large molecular compounds decreased and the contents and types of small molecular compounds increased. It indicated that the presence of oxygen carriers made the large molecular compounds in tar decomposed to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ038

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