本文選題：氧化鋅 + 納米材料�。� 參考：《江南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,由于在短波長(zhǎng)發(fā)光器件、微電子器件、生物傳感器、光探測(cè)器和光催化劑等方面具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景,寬禁帶半導(dǎo)體材料已成為電子、材料、物理、化學(xué)和生物醫(yī)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域的熱點(diǎn)研究方向。作為一種具備較大激子束縛能(~60 me V)和室溫禁帶寬度(~3.37 e V)的寬禁帶直接帶隙半導(dǎo)體,氧化鋅(Zn O)在納米電子器件、傳感器以及發(fā)光器件領(lǐng)域有著巨大的發(fā)展?jié)摿�。此�?Zn O納米材料表現(xiàn)了出了與其體材料有明顯差異的光學(xué)、電學(xué)、磁學(xué)等物理性質(zhì)。國(guó)內(nèi)外研究人員對(duì)Zn O納米材料的制備和生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理展開了較廣泛的研究,制備了多種具有不同形貌的Zn O納米材料。本論文主要采用化學(xué)氣相沉積(CVD)技術(shù),通過改變緩沖層種類、源材料配比和溫度等參數(shù),成功制備了一系列具有不同形貌的Zn O納米材料。利用X射線衍射(XRD)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)、高分辨透射電子顯微鏡(HRTEM)、選區(qū)電子衍射(SAED)、能量色散譜(EDS)、光致發(fā)光(PL)、陰極發(fā)光(CL)、X射線光電子譜(XPS)及拉曼(Raman)散射等分析表征手段,對(duì)制備的Zn O納米材料的結(jié)構(gòu)、成分、形貌及發(fā)光特性進(jìn)行了研究,并討論了不同納米結(jié)構(gòu)的生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及結(jié)果歸納如下。1.四足狀Zn O納米材料利用CVD技術(shù)在附有Cr2O3、Ni和Au緩沖層的Si襯底上,分別制備了蒺藜狀、錐狀及天線狀的Zn O納米材料。XRD、SEM和TEM結(jié)果表明,三種Zn O材料均具有六方纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu),尖銳的XRD衍射峰表明它們具有較高的結(jié)晶質(zhì)量。PL和CL測(cè)試顯示它們具有良好的光學(xué)特性,發(fā)現(xiàn)并解釋了納米蒺藜和納米錐的尖端光斑現(xiàn)象,以及紫外發(fā)射峰的藍(lán)移現(xiàn)象和綠光發(fā)射峰的紅移現(xiàn)象。在三種四足體的尖端并未發(fā)現(xiàn)催化粒子,因此它們的形成應(yīng)該由氣-固生長(zhǎng)模式主導(dǎo)。在八面孿晶核等模型的基礎(chǔ)上提出并討論了相應(yīng)的生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理,指出不同材料緩沖層與襯底間的潤(rùn)濕性和楊氏模量,以及氣態(tài)反應(yīng)物濃度、襯底溫度是形成不同形貌的原因。2.鐘乳石狀Zn O納米棒在附有Ni層的Si襯底上利用CVD技術(shù)制備了鐘乳石狀Zn O納米棒陣列。XRD結(jié)果表明,纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu)的Zn O納米棒具有較高的結(jié)晶質(zhì)量,其中出現(xiàn)的一個(gè)弱衍射峰可能來自于具有很高催化活性的γ-Ni5Zn21相。掃描透射電子顯微鏡(STEM)和TEM結(jié)果表明,納米棒的尖端直徑和長(zhǎng)度分別在100-200 nm和3-5μm之間。在CL測(cè)試過程中,納米棒尖端發(fā)現(xiàn)了亮斑,且具有很強(qiáng)的綠光發(fā)射特性。在納米棒頂部發(fā)現(xiàn)了不規(guī)則形貌的催化粒子,因此它們的形成應(yīng)該由氣-固-固生長(zhǎng)模式主導(dǎo)。在氣-固-固模式的框架下討論了生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理,Ni-Zn合金的催化和Zn的亞氧化物緩沖層在納米棒生長(zhǎng)過程中起到了重要的作用。3.海膽狀Zn O納米材料在Si襯底上利用CVD技術(shù)制備了海膽狀Zn O納米材料,結(jié)構(gòu)分析表明樣品同樣具有六方纖鋅礦結(jié)構(gòu),每個(gè)海膽具有一個(gè)核和數(shù)十條在[0001]方向上擇優(yōu)生長(zhǎng)的納米足。CL譜顯示在380 nm有一個(gè)紫外發(fā)射峰,在521 nm、520 nm和512 nm有三個(gè)綠光發(fā)射峰。隨著納米足半徑的減小,表面態(tài)密度變大,Zn濃度降低,O空位數(shù)量減少,表面曲率增大,自由激子數(shù)量上升,綠光峰發(fā)生了從521 nm到512 nm的藍(lán)移。在經(jīng)典成核理論的框架下討論了Zn O納米海膽的生長(zhǎng)機(jī)理,分析了成核率和納米足密度與晶核臨界尺寸間的關(guān)系,探討了導(dǎo)致Zn O納米材料形成不同形貌的主要因素。
[Abstract]:In recent years, wide band gap semiconductor materials have become hot topics in the fields of electronics, materials, physics, chemistry and biomedicine, as a kind of large exciton binding energy (~60 me V) and chamber due to its broad application prospects in short wave long luminescence devices, microelectronic devices, biosensors, photodetectors and photocatalysts. The wide band gap semiconductor with wide band gap (~3.37 e V) and Zinc Oxide (Zn O) have great potential in the field of nanoscale electronic devices, sensors and light emitting devices. In addition, Zn O nanomaterials show the physical properties, such as optical, electrical, magnetic, etc., which have obvious differences with their materials. Researchers at home and abroad have been to Zn O nanometers. A variety of Zn O nanomaterials with different morphologies have been prepared. In this paper, a series of Zn O nanomaterials with different morphologies were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). A series of Zn O nanomaterials with different morphologies were prepared by means of X ray. XRD, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selective electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), photoluminescence (PL), cathodoluminescence (CL), X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman (Raman) scattering, etc., for the preparation of the structure and composition of nanomaterials. The morphology and luminescence characteristics were studied and the growth mechanism of different nanostructures was discussed. The main contents and results were summarized as follows:.1. tetrapod Zn O nanomaterials were prepared by CVD technology on Si substrate with Cr2O3, Ni and Au buffer layers, and the Zn O nanomaterials of Tribulus, cones and antennas were prepared respectively. SEM and results showed that The three Zn O materials all have six square wurtzite structures, and the sharp XRD diffraction peaks show that they have high crystalline mass.PL and CL tests showing that they have good optical properties. The phenomenon of the tip light spots of nanoscale and nanoscale, the blue shift of the ultraviolet emission peak and the red shift of the green emission peak are found and discussed. The formation of the three kinds of tetrapods did not find the catalytic particles, so their formation should be dominated by the gas solid growth model. On the basis of the eight twin core models, the corresponding growth mechanism was put forward and discussed. The wettability and Young's modulus of different material buffer layers and the substrate, as well as the concentration of gaseous reactants, and the substrate temperature are the shape. The.2. stalactite Zn O nanorods have prepared a stalactite Zn O nanorod array on the Si substrate with Ni layer on the Si substrate with Ni layer. The results show that the Zn O nanorods of the zinite structure have higher crystallization quality, and a weak diffraction peak may come from the highly catalytic activity of the gamma -Ni5Zn21 phase. The scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and TEM results show that the tip diameter and length of the nanorods are between 100-200 nm and 3-5 m respectively. During the CL test, the nanorod tip found bright spots and has a strong green emission characteristics. The growth mechanism is dominated by gas solid solid growth mode. Growth mechanism is discussed under the framework of gas solid solid model. Ni-Zn alloy catalysis and Zn suboxide buffer layer play an important role in the growth process of nanorods..3. sea urchin like Zn O nanomaterials are prepared on Si substrate by CVD technology to prepare O nanomaterials of sea urchin like Zn. Structural analysis shows the sample The product also has a six party wurtzite structure. Each sea urchin has a nucleus and dozens of nanoscale.CL spectra in the [0001] direction, showing a UV emission peak at 380 nm, with three green emission peaks at 521 nm, 520 nm and 512 nm. With the decrease of the radius of nanoscale, the density of the surface state becomes larger, the Zn concentration is reduced, and the O vacancy quantity is reduced. Under the framework of classical nucleation theory, the growth mechanism of Zn O nano sea urchin was discussed under the framework of classical nucleation theory, and the relationship between nucleation rate and nanoscale density and critical size of nucleation was analyzed, and the main cause of the formation of different morphology of Zn O nanomaterials was discussed. Prime.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TB383.1;TQ132.41

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 何金孝;段W，

本文編號(hào)：2056239