本文選題：白石墨烯泡沫 + 多孔氮化硼��； 參考：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：多孔氮化硼除具有高穩(wěn)定性、高導(dǎo)熱、低摩擦和良好的透波性等屬性外,還具有高比表面積和獨(dú)特的孔徑分布的特征,在催化劑載體、儲能材料、高分子填料等領(lǐng)域具有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。多孔氮化硼的制備是研究其性能和推廣其應(yīng)用的前提,目前多孔氮化硼的制備方法主要有水熱合成法、模板法、先驅(qū)體熱解法和氣凝膠技術(shù),但這些方法的合成工藝一般都比較繁瑣而且產(chǎn)量較低,大大限制了多孔氮化硼材料的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展。因此,尋求一種合適的、簡單易行的方法來制備具有高質(zhì)量、高產(chǎn)率、高比表面積的多孔氮化硼具有十分重要的意義。本文采用無模板的一步合成法制備出具有不同微觀形貌的多孔氮化硼,研究其屬性并針對其結(jié)構(gòu)特征應(yīng)用于催化劑載體、環(huán)境治理、高分子復(fù)合等領(lǐng)域。以硼烷氨為原料,硫脲、氨基硫脲為發(fā)泡劑,通過簡單的高溫?zé)岱纸夥磻?yīng),即可制備出白色泡沫狀的多孔氮化硼。產(chǎn)率可以達(dá)到68%、表觀密度可以低至2.05 mg cm-3,比商業(yè)氮化硼的理論密度(2.27 g cm-3)低三個(gè)數(shù)量級,這種的超輕物質(zhì)能站立在蒲公英上而沒有壓彎其晶須。當(dāng)發(fā)泡劑為硫脲時(shí),可以得到由不規(guī)則骨架支撐、大面積薄片連接的三維多孔氮化硼,產(chǎn)物標(biāo)記為ABSN。HRTEM顯示出ABSN產(chǎn)物的薄片結(jié)構(gòu)上具有多孔結(jié)構(gòu),片層可以達(dá)到單層、雙層、三層的原子厚度;氮?dú)馕矫摳浇Y(jié)果表明ABSN的比表面積為681 m2 g-1,平均孔徑為1.5和32 nm。當(dāng)發(fā)泡劑為氨基硫脲時(shí),可以得到三支叉、四支叉相互連接的網(wǎng)絡(luò)纖維狀的多孔氮化硼,產(chǎn)物標(biāo)記為ABSD。SEM顯示出ABSD產(chǎn)物的纖維長度可以達(dá)到幾百微米;氮?dú)馕矫摳浇Y(jié)果表明ABSN的比表面積為128 m2 g-1,平均孔徑為15 nm。以聚乙二醇為反應(yīng)溶液、硝酸銀為原料、ABSN產(chǎn)物為催化劑載體,采用紫外光輻射的方法制備出Ag/ABSN催化劑。Ag/ABSN催化劑對甲醇不僅顯示出良好的催化性能(T50、T95分別只有50 oC和110 oC,遠(yuǎn)低于Ag/γ-Al2O3催化劑對應(yīng)的這兩個(gè)數(shù)值110 oC、180 oC),而且在高溫下能維持很好的穩(wěn)定性。以ABSN產(chǎn)物為吸附劑,對有機(jī)溶劑、油進(jìn)行吸附,吸附能力可以達(dá)到70-191 g g-1,吸附能在瞬間完成,且可以多次循環(huán)利用。對甲基藍(lán)、甲基橙染料的吸附能在5 min之內(nèi)完成80%以上的吸附,最大吸附能力將近500 mg g-1。以ABSD產(chǎn)物為添加劑,SD184為基體材料,采用熱固成型工藝可以制備出不同ABSD含量的ABSD/SD 184復(fù)合材料。隨著氮化硼纖維含量的增加,ABSD/SD 184復(fù)合材料的耐熱性逐漸增加;1 wt%的復(fù)合材料在600 nm處具有83%的透光率;5 wt%的復(fù)合材料的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度為96MPa,彈性模量為3.46GPa;50 wt%的復(fù)合材料的熱導(dǎo)率可以增加至114.7 W m-1 K-1。
[Abstract]:In addition to the properties of high stability, high thermal conductivity, low friction and good permeability, porous boron nitride also has the characteristics of high specific surface area and unique pore size distribution. Polymer fillers and other fields have a wide range of applications. The preparation of porous boron nitride is the premise of studying its properties and popularizing its application. At present, the main preparation methods of porous boron nitride are hydrothermal synthesis, template method, precursor pyrolysis and aerogel technology. However, the synthetic process of these methods is generally cumbersome and low yield, which greatly limits the application and development of porous boron nitride materials. Therefore, it is of great significance to find a suitable and simple method to prepare porous boron nitride with high quality, high yield and high specific surface area. In this paper, porous boron nitride with different micromorphology was prepared by one-step synthesis without template. The properties of boron nitride were studied and applied in the fields of catalyst carrier, environmental treatment, polymer compound and so on. Using borane ammonia as raw material thiourea and thiosemicarbazone as foaming agent the white foam porous boron nitride can be prepared by a simple high temperature thermal decomposition reaction. The yield can reach 68% and the apparent density can be as low as 2.05 mg / cm ~ (-3), which is three orders of magnitude lower than the theoretical density of commercial boron nitride (2.27 g cm-3). This ultra-light substance can stand on dandelion without bending its whisker. When the foaming agent is thiourea, three dimensional porous boron nitride supported by irregular skeleton and connected by large area thin sheet can be obtained. The product labeled ABSN. HRTEM shows that the sheet structure of ABSN product has porous structure, and the lamellar layer can reach single layer and double layer. The atomic thickness of the three layers and the nitrogen adsorption and desorption results show that the specific surface area of ABSN is 681 m ~ 2 g ~ (-1) and the average pore size is 1.5 and 32 nm. When the foaming agent is thiosemicarbazone, the porous boron nitride with three forks and four forks connected to each other can be obtained. The product labeled ABSD. SEM shows that the fiber length of ABSD product can reach several hundred microns. The results of nitrogen adsorption and desorption show that the specific surface area of ABSN is 128 m ~ 2 g ~ (-1) and the average pore size is 15 nm 路m ~ (-1). Using polyethylene glycol as reaction solution, silver nitrate as raw material, ABSN product as catalyst carrier, Ag/ ABSN catalyst. Ag- / ABSN catalyst showed good catalytic performance for methanol by ultraviolet radiation method (T50 T95 is only 50 OC and 110oC, which is much lower than that of Ag/ 緯 -Al _ 2O _ 3 catalyst (110oC ~ (180 OC), and at high temperature, the catalyst has good catalytic performance for methanol (T50 / ABSN catalyst is only 50 OC and 110oC), which is much lower than that of Ag/ 緯 -Al _ 2O _ 3 catalyst. Can maintain good stability. Using ABSN product as adsorbent, the adsorption ability of organic solvent and oil can reach 70-191 g g ~ (-1), the adsorption energy can be achieved in an instant, and can be reused many times. The adsorption of methyl blue and methyl orange dyestuffs can reach more than 80% in 5 min, and the maximum adsorption capacity is nearly 500mg g ~ (-1). ABSD / SD184 composites with different ABSD content can be prepared by thermosetting process using ABSD product as additive and SD184 as matrix material. With the increase of boron nitride fiber content, the heat resistance of ABSD / SD 184 composites increases gradually. The mechanical strength and elastic modulus of the composites with a transmittance of 83% or 5 wt% at 600 nm are 96 MPA and 3.46 GPA / 50 wt% respectively, and the mechanical strength of the composites is 96 MPA and the elastic modulus is 3.46 GPA / 50 WTT% at 600 nm. The thermal conductivity can be increased to 114.7 W m-1 K-1.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ128.1

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