本文選題：微弧氧化 + 電參數(shù)��； 參考：《清華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：地球上可開(kāi)發(fā)的礦產(chǎn)資源日益短缺,提高材料利用率及使用壽命成為材料研究領(lǐng)域的重要課題。微弧氧化技術(shù)處理材料的對(duì)象主要有鋁、鎂、鋯、鈦及其合金,將這些金屬作為陽(yáng)極置于強(qiáng)電場(chǎng)的電解液中,其表面與溶液準(zhǔn)陰極在強(qiáng)電壓作用下發(fā)生弧光放電,局部產(chǎn)生高溫高壓,使金屬原子與溶液中的氧結(jié)合,最終在金屬表面形成一層堅(jiān)固的陶瓷氧化膜,該膜層可以極大地改善金屬材料本身的耐磨、耐熱、耐腐蝕性能。微弧氧化技術(shù)工藝簡(jiǎn)單,不引入毒害物質(zhì),對(duì)加工零件形狀沒(méi)有特殊要求,所制備的陶瓷氧化膜兼具陽(yáng)極氧化膜和陶瓷噴涂層的優(yōu)點(diǎn),作為防腐蝕膜層可應(yīng)用在航空航天,造船、化學(xué)設(shè)備、建筑、泵體等關(guān)鍵部位;作為耐磨膜層可應(yīng)用在機(jī)械軸承,汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),紡織機(jī)械,管道等;作為熱防護(hù)層可應(yīng)用在電器電子,化工,能源工業(yè)設(shè)備等;作為功能性膜層,可應(yīng)用于生物催化,醫(yī)療設(shè)備,醫(yī)用材料等,微弧氧化技術(shù)在各工業(yè)領(lǐng)域有著良好的應(yīng)用前景。本文總結(jié)了微弧氧化技術(shù)機(jī)理,將微弧氧化過(guò)程分為陽(yáng)極氧化、電擊穿起弧、膜層增厚、斷電冷卻四個(gè)階段。分析了溶液中各溶質(zhì)成分對(duì)微弧氧化過(guò)程的影響,確定了選取適當(dāng)?shù)闹鼷},pH調(diào)節(jié)劑,絡(luò)合增厚劑,成膜促進(jìn)劑為添加劑的微弧氧化溶液體系。本文設(shè)計(jì)了一套微弧氧化設(shè)備,針對(duì)LY12鋁合金,采用正負(fù)脈沖電源,通過(guò)一系列微弧氧化實(shí)驗(yàn),首先確定了鋁合金與溶液形成陽(yáng)極氧化膜的擊穿電壓,然后研究了各電參數(shù)如電壓幅值,實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)間,電源頻率,占空比以及反向脈沖對(duì)微弧氧化成膜結(jié)果的影響。針對(duì)不同功能要求的膜層,提出了定性的電參數(shù)設(shè)置方案,并在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了各電參數(shù)對(duì)微弧氧化過(guò)程的作用機(jī)理。本文研究結(jié)果表明:1.LY12鋁合金在硅酸鈉溶液體系中的擊穿電壓為300V,在較低電壓下雖能形成氧化膜層,但是膜層厚度不連續(xù),在金屬表面附著不均勻。在300V及以上電壓中,均能得到連續(xù)均勻的膜層。2.微弧氧化膜層性能取決于每次脈沖提供的能量大小、頻率以及持續(xù)時(shí)間,能量越大,膜層生長(zhǎng)越快越厚,但膜層多孔疏松;頻率越高,膜層生長(zhǎng)速率有所下滑,但膜層內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)更加致密;持續(xù)時(shí)間越長(zhǎng),膜層生長(zhǎng)快,但膜層致密性不好。3.根據(jù)微弧氧化過(guò)程的四個(gè)階段,提出了變電參數(shù)的加工模式。前期電擊穿起弧階段采用低頻率,低電壓,適中的占空比的加載模式,后期膜層生長(zhǎng)階段采用高頻率,高電壓,低占空比的加載模式,膜層性能比單一電參數(shù)得到了極大改善。
[Abstract]:There is a growing shortage of mineral resources on the earth. Improving the utilization ratio and service life of materials has become an important subject in the field of materials research. The main objects of micro-arc oxidation technology are aluminum, magnesium, zirconium, titanium and their alloys. When these metals are used as anode in the electrolyte with strong electric field, arc discharge occurs between the surface and the quasi-cathode of the solution under the action of strong voltage. A strong ceramic oxide film is formed on the metal surface which can greatly improve the wear resistance heat resistance and corrosion resistance of the metal material. The micro-arc oxidation technology is simple, does not introduce toxic substances, and has no special requirements for the shape of machining parts. The prepared ceramic oxide film has the advantages of both anodic oxide film and ceramic spray coating, so it can be used in aerospace as an anticorrosive film. Shipbuilding, chemical equipment, building, pump body and other key parts; as wear-resistant film layer can be used in mechanical bearings, automobile engines, textile machinery, pipes, etc.; as thermal protection layer can be used in electrical, electronic, chemical, energy industry equipment, etc. As a functional film, it can be used in biocatalysis, medical equipment, medical materials and so on. The technology of micro-arc oxidation has a good application prospect in various industrial fields. In this paper, the mechanism of micro-arc oxidation is summarized. The process of micro-arc oxidation is divided into four stages: anodic oxidation, electric breakdown of arc, thickening of film, and cooling of power off. The effect of solute composition on the process of micro-arc oxidation was analyzed. The solution system of micro-arc oxidation was determined by selecting appropriate pH regulator of main salt, complexing thickening agent and film forming accelerator as additives. In this paper, a set of micro-arc oxidation equipment is designed. For LY12 aluminum alloy, the breakdown voltage of anodic oxide film formed by aluminum alloy and solution is determined by a series of micro-arc oxidation experiments using positive and negative pulse power supply. Then the effects of various electrical parameters such as voltage amplitude, experimental time, power frequency, duty cycle and reverse pulse on the results of micro-arc oxidation film formation are studied. According to the different functional requirements of the film, a qualitative electric parameter setting scheme is proposed, and on this basis, the action mechanism of each electric parameter on the micro-arc oxidation process is analyzed. The results show that the breakdown voltage of 1% LY12 aluminum alloy in sodium silicate solution system is 300V. Although the oxide film can be formed at a lower voltage, the thickness of the film is not continuous and the coating is not uniform on the surface of metal. At the voltage of 300V and above, a continuous and uniform film layer of. 2 can be obtained. The performance of the micro-arc oxide film depends on the energy supply, frequency and duration of each pulse. The larger the energy, the faster and thicker the film is, but the more porous the film is, the lower the growth rate of the film is. However, the inner structure of the film is denser, and the longer the duration is, the faster the film grows, but the denser the film is, the smaller the density of the film is. According to the four stages of the micro-arc oxidation process, the processing mode of the transformer parameters is put forward. The loading mode of low frequency, low voltage and moderate duty cycle is used in the early stage of electric breakdown and starting arc, and the loading mode of high frequency, high voltage and low duty cycle is adopted in the later growth stage of the film. The performance of the film is greatly improved compared with a single electric parameter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ153

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本文編號(hào)：2014238