本文選題：氯氣透平機(jī) + 節(jié)能��； 參考：《北京化工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：氯氣常溫常壓下為黃綠色,有強(qiáng)烈刺激性氣味的有毒氣體,可溶于水,其密度比空氣大,易壓縮,可液化為黃綠色的油狀液氯,是氯堿工業(yè)的主要產(chǎn)品之一,在造紙、紡織以及化學(xué)工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用較為廣泛。氯氣透平機(jī)作為目前氯堿生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的大型關(guān)鍵設(shè)備,本文以新疆華泰重化工有限責(zé)任公司50萬(wàn)噸/年的氯氣處理裝置為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)透平機(jī)的運(yùn)行機(jī)理及改進(jìn)優(yōu)化進(jìn)行了技術(shù)研究。依據(jù)目前國(guó)內(nèi)廣泛使用的兩種氯氣壓縮設(shè)備的運(yùn)行工況,系統(tǒng)分析了氯氣透平機(jī)在實(shí)際投用過(guò)程中電量消耗、輔料硫酸消耗、設(shè)備自身維修頻次、配套設(shè)施的維修以及維修作業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)。通過(guò)對(duì)透平機(jī)運(yùn)行工況的分析,提出四點(diǎn)改進(jìn)方法。改進(jìn)一：透平機(jī)中、后冷卻器泄漏對(duì)透平機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子危害極大,會(huì)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子和葉輪造成腐蝕,影響壓縮機(jī)的使用壽命,可以通過(guò)對(duì)入透平機(jī)的氯中含水的控制、隔離腐蝕介質(zhì)來(lái)加以改進(jìn)。改進(jìn)二：透平機(jī)出現(xiàn)喘振現(xiàn)象,透平機(jī)出口壓力突變,會(huì)使得所壓縮的氣體流量大幅波動(dòng),嚴(yán)重的時(shí)候還會(huì)有空氣進(jìn)入氯氣系統(tǒng)的可能；通過(guò)增大氣體流量、調(diào)整防喘裕度以及投用過(guò)程中的壓力調(diào)控,效果較為理想。改進(jìn)三：電機(jī)軸承屬于透平機(jī)的重要部件,通過(guò)建立并使用一套重點(diǎn)設(shè)備安全運(yùn)行的故障預(yù)警系統(tǒng),能夠?qū)?duì)設(shè)備故障的早期預(yù)警及成因有效預(yù)判。改進(jìn)四：密封系統(tǒng)對(duì)壓縮機(jī)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行尤為重要,密封泄漏分為內(nèi)泄漏與外泄漏,兩者均會(huì)造成壓縮機(jī)能量損失增加,級(jí)效率及壓縮機(jī)效率下降,排氣量大幅減少。通過(guò)增加氮?dú)饩彌_罐對(duì)輸送來(lái)的氮?dú)膺M(jìn)行存儲(chǔ)及穩(wěn)壓,后再輸送至透平機(jī)組密封系統(tǒng),避免了因密封氣體壓力不穩(wěn)定對(duì)裝置造成的危害。通過(guò)對(duì)氯氣壓縮設(shè)備的發(fā)展概況、氯氣透平機(jī)運(yùn)行機(jī)理、設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)以及投運(yùn)中存在問(wèn)題的優(yōu)化改進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)分析,為提高透平機(jī)的投運(yùn)效率,更好的避免了腐蝕,系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的安全系數(shù)提供了新的方法和思路。
[Abstract]:Chlorine is yellowish green at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, toxic gas with strong irritating odor, soluble in water, its density is larger than air, it is easy to compress, it can be liquefied into yellowish green oil liquid chlorine, it is one of the main products of chlor-alkali industry, in papermaking, Textile and chemical industry and other fields are more widely used. Chlorine turbine is a large key equipment in the production of chlor-alkali at present. In this paper, the chlorine gas treatment unit of Xinjiang Huatai heavy Chemical Co., Ltd., 500000 tons per year, is taken as the research object. The operation mechanism and improved optimization of turbine are studied. According to the operating conditions of two kinds of chlorine compressor widely used in our country, the electricity consumption, sulphuric acid consumption and maintenance frequency of chlorine turbine are analyzed systematically. Supporting facilities maintenance and maintenance of operational risks and other advantages. Based on the analysis of the operating conditions of the turbine, a four-point improvement method is put forward. Improvement 1: in the turbine, the leakage of the rear cooler is very harmful to the rotor of the turbine, which will cause corrosion to the rotor and impeller and affect the service life of the compressor. It can be controlled by controlling the water content in the chlorine of the turbine. The corrosion medium is isolated for improvement. Improvement 2: surge phenomenon in turbine, sudden change of turbine outlet pressure, will cause the compressed gas flow rate to fluctuate greatly, and in severe cases there will be the possibility of air entering chlorine gas system; by increasing the gas flow rate, The effect of adjusting the anti-asthmatic margin and the pressure regulation in the process of application is satisfactory. Improvement 3: motor bearing is an important part of turbine. By establishing and using a set of fault warning system for safe operation of key equipment, the early warning and cause of formation of equipment failure can be effectively forecasted. Improvement 4: sealing system is very important to the stable operation of compressor. Sealing leakage is divided into internal leakage and external leakage, both of which will cause compressor energy loss increase, stage efficiency and compressor efficiency decrease, and exhaust volume greatly reduced. By increasing the nitrogen buffer tank to store and stabilize the nitrogen gas, and then conveying it to the seal system of the turbine group, the harm caused by the pressure instability of the seal gas to the unit is avoided. Through the systematic analysis of the development of chlorine compressor, the operation mechanism of chlorine turbine, the structure of the equipment and the optimization and improvement of the problems existing in the operation, the corrosion of the turbine is better avoided in order to improve the operation efficiency of the turbine. The safety factor of the system provides a new method and train of thought.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TQ114

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本文編號(hào)：1996601