本文選題：陶瓷膜 + 紫外接枝改性　； 參考：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：膜蒸餾是一項(xiàng)新型的海水淡化技術(shù),由于受到膜蒸餾用膜種類(lèi)少、制膜成本高、過(guò)程傳質(zhì)阻力大、滲透通量相對(duì)較小影響,其工業(yè)化應(yīng)用尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)。本文針對(duì)膜蒸餾過(guò)程用膜的特點(diǎn),使用長(zhǎng)鏈氟硅烷1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟辛基三氯硅烷(PFAS)和1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷(PFDS)做改性劑,采用紫外接枝法對(duì)平均孔徑200nm的A1203陶瓷膜進(jìn)行疏水改性,對(duì)改性過(guò)程中和改性完成后的膜片進(jìn)行表征和分析：疏水改性之后膜表面均勻分布著針狀和簇狀的微觀結(jié)構(gòu),XPS、FT-IR等檢測(cè)結(jié)果表明此結(jié)構(gòu)為低表面能的有機(jī)聚合物薄膜；疏水A1203陶瓷膜表面的接觸角最高可以達(dá)到159°,疏水性能良好。同時(shí)本論文還詳細(xì)研究了預(yù)處理劑、溶劑、光引發(fā)劑、改性劑等條件對(duì)紫外接枝改性過(guò)程的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)利用經(jīng)過(guò)紫外接枝改性的疏水陶瓷膜,采用真空膜蒸餾法對(duì)模擬海水(NaCl水溶液)進(jìn)行脫鹽淡化實(shí)驗(yàn),對(duì)該過(guò)程的主要操作條件做了系統(tǒng)研究,同時(shí)評(píng)價(jià)了疏水改性后陶瓷膜的性能。結(jié)果表明：在適宜的操作條件下,VMD脫鹽淡化過(guò)程滲透通量達(dá)27.28kg.m-2.h-1,截留率達(dá)到99.99%。說(shuō)明此方法改性的陶瓷膜可以較好地應(yīng)用于VMD過(guò)程且效果良好。最后一部分研究實(shí)驗(yàn),選用商業(yè)化聚丙烯膜,使用真空膜蒸餾法對(duì)八種親水性離子液體水溶液進(jìn)行濃縮凈化,對(duì)過(guò)程中的操作條件進(jìn)行了分析研究,結(jié)果表明：提高進(jìn)料溫度、進(jìn)料流速和滲透?jìng)?cè)真空度,滲透通量增大；而進(jìn)料液濃度增大,滲透通量則會(huì)減小；全部實(shí)驗(yàn)的回收率始終保持在99.5%以上,說(shuō)明操作條件對(duì)回收率影響不大,回收率主要受到膜性能和溶液性質(zhì)的影響；實(shí)驗(yàn)證明真空膜蒸餾法進(jìn)行離子液體的濃縮回收是可行的且效果較好。
[Abstract]:Membrane distillation is a new seawater desalination technology. Due to the lack of membrane species, high membrane cost, high mass transfer resistance and relatively small permeation flux, the industrial application of membrane distillation has not been realized. According to the characteristics of membrane used in membrane distillation process, the A1203 ceramic membrane with average pore size (200nm) was modified by UV grafting method using long chain fluorosilane 1H 1H 1H 2 H 2 H 2 H perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane (PFASS) and 1H 1 H 1 H 2 H 2 H perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane (PFDS) as modifiers, and the A1203 ceramic membrane with average pore size (200nm) was modified by UV grafting method. The film was characterized and analyzed in the process of modification and after modification: after hydrophobic modification, the surface of the membrane was evenly distributed in needle shape and cluster shape, and the results showed that the structure was an organic polymer film with low surface energy. The contact angle of the surface of the hydrophobic A1203 ceramic film is up to 159 擄, and the hydrophobic property is good. At the same time, the effects of pretreatment agent, solvent, photoinitiator and modifier on the process of UV grafting modification were studied in detail. The desalination and desalination experiments were carried out by using ultraviolet modified hydrophobic ceramic membrane and vacuum membrane distillation. The main operating conditions of the process were systematically studied. The properties of the hydrophobic modified ceramic membrane were also evaluated. The results showed that the osmotic flux of VMD desalination was 27.28 kg 路m ~ (-2) h-1 and the rejection rate was 99.99%. The results show that the ceramic membrane modified by this method can be used in VMD process with good effect. In the last part of the experiment, the commercial polypropylene membrane was selected to concentrate and purify eight kinds of hydrophilic ionic liquid aqueous solution by vacuum membrane distillation. The operating conditions were analyzed and studied. The results showed that the feed temperature was increased. The permeation flux increases with the feed flow rate and the vacuum degree of the permeable side, while the permeation flux decreases with the increase of the feed concentration, and the recovery rate of the whole experiment remains above 99.5%, which indicates that the operating conditions have little effect on the recovery rate. The recovery rate is mainly affected by the properties of membrane and solution, and it is proved by experiments that the concentration and recovery of ionic liquids by vacuum membrane distillation is feasible and effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P747.1;TQ051.893

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1929013