發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-22 17:31

  本文選題：氣力輸送 + 給料穩(wěn)定性�。� 參考：《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣力輸送是利用具有動(dòng)壓能的氣體在密封管道中輸送粉體顆粒的技術(shù)。由于該技術(shù)具有設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單、運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、操作方便易于自動(dòng)化控制、管道布置靈活等優(yōu)點(diǎn),被廣泛應(yīng)用于建材、電力、化工、食品、冶金等行業(yè)。氣力輸送系統(tǒng)根據(jù)工作過程中的壓力情況可劃分為正壓壓送式、負(fù)壓吸送式以及兩者結(jié)合的混合式,其中正壓式氣力輸送由于穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)良、可控性好、輸送距離長(zhǎng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)應(yīng)用較廣,較多適用于粉體顆粒物料的輸送中.正壓開放式氣力輸送是正壓氣力輸送的重要組成部分,由于其管網(wǎng)布置方便、能耗低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)廣泛應(yīng)用于水泥粉體的氣力輸送中。但在實(shí)際運(yùn)行中存在著當(dāng)物料料位低于某一高度值時(shí),管內(nèi)的氣體壓力明顯高于料倉(cāng)內(nèi)固體粉料產(chǎn)生的靜壓力,會(huì)出現(xiàn)料倉(cāng)內(nèi)固體顆粒層被擊穿形成騰涌,大大降低管道內(nèi)的固體濃度與輸送能力,而能耗也出現(xiàn)大幅度增局。本論文以日照海匯集團(tuán)直徑為20m,高度為22m的鋼板倉(cāng)內(nèi)水泥粉體氣力輸送為研究對(duì)象,針對(duì)其開放式氣力輸送裝置運(yùn)行中存在的上述問題,分別在發(fā)料倉(cāng)設(shè)計(jì)、新型下料裝置研發(fā)、輸送過程自動(dòng)控制等三個(gè)方面開展研究,以期可為本類型氣力輸送系統(tǒng)的固體給料穩(wěn)定性提供指導(dǎo)。論文首先根據(jù)相似理論和氣固兩相流動(dòng)機(jī)理設(shè)計(jì)了倉(cāng)式泵。在設(shè)計(jì)過程中研究了粒徑、形狀、摩擦角以及密度、含水率等物料特性對(duì)氣力輸送的影響。詳細(xì)研究了氣力輸送中水泥粉體的物理性能參數(shù)。根據(jù)兩相流理論,在研究氣力輸送常用的一些參數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,如輸送能力、固氣比、壓力損失等,根據(jù)相似理論與日照海匯集團(tuán)水泥鋼板儲(chǔ)倉(cāng)的實(shí)際工況設(shè)計(jì)了新型密閉料倉(cāng),所設(shè)計(jì)的倉(cāng)式泵能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)水泥粉體的穩(wěn)定給料。其次,針對(duì)目前海匯集團(tuán)下料裝置所存在的吸力不足的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了文丘里供料器。根據(jù)文丘里供料器的工作原理、結(jié)構(gòu)組成和裝置特點(diǎn),在理論上利用質(zhì)量守恒與能量守恒原理對(duì)噴嘴的結(jié)構(gòu)公式、氣速和氣體質(zhì)量流量進(jìn)行推導(dǎo)和研究；在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文丘里供料器的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了研究和分析,對(duì)橫截面尺寸以及文丘里各組成部件尺寸等結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了分析和優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算,進(jìn)而得到具有最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)的文丘里供料器。最后,論文基于PLC和組態(tài)軟件設(shè)計(jì)了一套適用于本類型的氣力輸送自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)。該自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)采用PLC和上位機(jī)組態(tài)軟件的方式進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)控制系統(tǒng)。論文PLC的工作方式采用順序掃描、不斷循環(huán)的工作方式。根據(jù)氣力輸送工藝流程以及設(shè)計(jì)整體方案利用STEP 7-Micro/WIN V4.0編程軟件編寫出PLC程序梯形圖并進(jìn)行仿真運(yùn)行,并利用基于MCGS的組態(tài)控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),在運(yùn)行策略中編輯腳本程序,在MCGS運(yùn)行環(huán)境中完成系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行調(diào)試,模擬仿真發(fā)現(xiàn),該控制系統(tǒng)可以滿足開放式氣力輸送系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求和實(shí)際工程需要。
[Abstract]:Pneumatic conveying is a technique for conveying powder particles in a sealed pipe by using a gas with dynamic pressure. The technology is widely used in building materials, electric power, chemical, food, metallurgy and other industries because of its advantages such as simple equipment, stable operation, convenient operation, easy automatic control, flexible pipeline arrangement and so on. The pneumatic conveying system can be divided into positive pressure delivery, negative pressure suction and a combination of the two according to the pressure situation in the working process, in which the barotropic pneumatic conveying has good stability and controllability. The advantages of long transportation distance are widely used in the transportation of powder particles. Barotropic open pneumatic conveying is an important part of barotropic pneumatic transportation. It is widely used in pneumatic conveying of cement powder because of its convenient pipe network arrangement and low energy consumption. However, when the material level is lower than a certain height, the gas pressure in the pipe is obviously higher than the static pressure generated by the solid powder in the silo. The solid concentration and transport capacity in the pipeline are greatly reduced, and the energy consumption is greatly increased. This paper takes the pneumatic conveying of cement powder in the steel plate silo with the diameter of 20 m and the height of 22 m in the Rizhao Haihui Group as the research object. Aiming at the above problems existing in the operation of its open pneumatic conveying device, the paper designs separately in the sending bin. In order to provide guidance for the solid feed stability of this type of pneumatic conveying system, the research on the development of new discharging equipment and the automatic control of conveying process are carried out. Firstly, a bin pump is designed based on similarity theory and gas-solid two-phase flow mechanism. The effects of particle size, shape, friction angle, density and moisture content on pneumatic conveying were studied. The physical properties of cement powder in pneumatic conveying were studied in detail. Based on the theory of two-phase flow, on the basis of studying some parameters commonly used in pneumatic conveying, such as transportation capacity, ratio of solid to gas, pressure loss and so on, a new type of closed silo is designed according to the similarity theory and the actual working conditions of Rizhao Haihui Group cement steel storage silo. The designed bin pump can realize the stable feed of cement powder. Secondly, the Venturi feeder is designed and developed in allusion to the lack of suction in the blanking device of Haihui Group. According to the working principle, structure composition and device characteristics of Venturi feeder, the structure formula, gas velocity and gas mass flow rate of nozzle are deduced and studied theoretically by means of mass conservation and energy conservation. On this basis, the structural parameters of Venturi feeder are studied and analyzed, and the structural parameters such as cross section size and the dimensions of components of Venturi are analyzed and optimized. Then the Venturi feeder with the optimal structure is obtained. Finally, based on PLC and configuration software, a pneumatic conveying automatic control system is designed. The automatic control system is designed by PLC and PC configuration software. The working mode of PLC is sequential scanning and circulating. According to the pneumatic conveying process and the overall design scheme, the ladder diagram of the PLC program is compiled by STEP 7-Micro/WIN V4.0 programming software and simulated, and the configuration control system based on MCGS is used to design and edit the script program in the running strategy. The running and debugging of the system is completed in the MCGS environment. The simulation results show that the control system can meet the design requirements of the open pneumatic conveying system and the practical engineering needs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ172.687

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