本文選題：PLZT透明陶瓷 + 電控光散射　； 參考：《上海應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鑭摻雜鋯鈦酸鉛(簡(jiǎn)稱PLZT)陶瓷是一類(lèi)具有優(yōu)異性能并能在電、磁、光、力和熱等之間相互耦合的鐵電壓電材料。除了具有一般材料的鐵電壓電性能外,它還具有非常高的光學(xué)透過(guò)率和獨(dú)特的電光效應(yīng):一、在可見(jiàn)光及至近紅外線范圍內(nèi),光學(xué)透過(guò)率可達(dá)到70%以上;二、優(yōu)異的電控雙折射效應(yīng),即在外電場(chǎng)調(diào)控下,通過(guò)樣品的入射光雙折射率“可控”,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)入射光的調(diào)制;三、獨(dú)特的電控光散射效應(yīng),即在外電場(chǎng)調(diào)控下,通過(guò)樣品的入射光發(fā)生很強(qiáng)的散射,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)光的任意調(diào)制。為了應(yīng)對(duì)由現(xiàn)代激光技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展所帶來(lái)的對(duì)激光的屏蔽、衰減、防護(hù)等的巨大挑戰(zhàn),人們開(kāi)發(fā)了無(wú)需使用偏振系統(tǒng)的、基于PLZT電控光散射效應(yīng)的光學(xué)元器件。但PLZT陶瓷的電控光散射行為受材料組成、熱壓燒結(jié)(施加壓力)及陶瓷內(nèi)應(yīng)力等的影響較大,故本論文從材料的組成設(shè)計(jì)著手,經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)材料的熱壓燒結(jié),成品的退火處理等方面,系統(tǒng)地研究PLZT透明電控光散射陶瓷的物理各向異性及其退火效應(yīng)。為了研究PLZT材料在不同方向上的各向異性,采用通氧熱壓燒結(jié)工藝,制備出了結(jié)構(gòu)致密、成分均勻的PLZT(X/70/30, X=7.45、7.51、7.57、7.63)系列透明陶瓷。系統(tǒng)地研究了該系列材料在平行于熱壓方向和垂直于熱壓方向上的相結(jié)構(gòu)、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)及相關(guān)性能:在熱壓燒結(jié)過(guò)程中,各組分陶瓷樣品均形成了純鈣鈦礦結(jié)構(gòu)及稠密、均勻的晶粒;La元素可以有效地促進(jìn)晶粒長(zhǎng)大、提高材料的光學(xué)透過(guò)率,優(yōu)化材料的電控光散射性能;在平行于熱壓方向上,四方比(c/a1)更偏離菱方(c/a=1)、單胞體積更小,結(jié)構(gòu)畸變更嚴(yán)重;同時(shí),由于熱壓燒結(jié)過(guò)程中,平行于熱壓方向的阻力(壓力)更大,使得該方向上的平均晶粒尺寸略小;在平行于熱壓方向上,更嚴(yán)重結(jié)構(gòu)畸變、更多的晶界使得該方向上光散射損失嚴(yán)重,光學(xué)透過(guò)率低于垂直于熱壓方向上的透過(guò)率;在平行于熱壓方向上,材料展現(xiàn)了更穩(wěn)定、更優(yōu)異的電控光散射性能。采用通氧熱壓燒結(jié)工藝,制備出結(jié)構(gòu)致密、成分均勻的PLZT(X/70/30,X=7.45、7.54、7.63)系列透明陶瓷。在基于PLZT陶瓷材料各向異性研究的基礎(chǔ)上,選取“平行”切割樣品,針對(duì)平行于熱壓方向上的性能,研究了退火處理對(duì)PLZT陶瓷性能的影響:沒(méi)有進(jìn)行退火處理時(shí),各組分陶瓷樣品均呈現(xiàn)出典型的飽和方形電滯回線,退火處理后,PLZT陶瓷的剩余極化Pr和矯頑場(chǎng)Ec均明顯地減小,尤其是PLZT(7.63/70/30)組分陶瓷呈現(xiàn)出了具有反鐵電特性的雙細(xì)電滯回線特征。與材料鐵電性相對(duì)應(yīng)的場(chǎng)致應(yīng)變,在退火處理后明顯地縮小。由于陶瓷的光學(xué)和電光性能對(duì)退火條件非常敏感,故此將退火處理細(xì)分為快退火和慢退火。各成分陶瓷經(jīng)過(guò)退火處理后,材料的光學(xué)透過(guò)率增加,且慢退火處理的樣品透過(guò)率比快退火增加的更多。退火處理后,各組分陶瓷樣品的電控光散射性能均得到較大的提高,尤其是PLZT(7.63/70/30)組分陶瓷樣品表現(xiàn)出了不同的電控光散射行為——透過(guò)率在較低的閥值電場(chǎng)下達(dá)到最大值,并且能夠在較寬的電場(chǎng)范圍內(nèi)保持最大值和完美的對(duì)稱性。
[Abstract]:Lanthanum doped lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) ceramics is a class of ferroelectric materials with excellent properties and can be coupled to electricity, magnetism, light, force and heat. Besides the iron voltage and electrical properties of general materials, it has very high optical transmittance and unique electro-optical effect. One, light and near infrared range, light The transmission rate can reach more than 70%; two, the excellent electronic control birefringence effect, which is controlled by the external electric field, can be modulated by the incident light birefringence of the sample, thus realizing the modulation of the incident light; three, the unique electronic electronic light scattering effect, that is, the incident light of the sample is strongly scattered under the control of the external electric field, and thus the light is realized. In order to cope with the great challenge of laser shielding, attenuation and protection brought by the rapid development of modern laser technology, people have developed optical components without using the polarization system, based on the PLZT electronic light scattering effect. However, the electronic light scattering behavior of PLZT ceramics is composed of materials, hot press sintering (exerting pressure) In this paper, the physical anisotropy and annealing effect of PLZT transparent electronic light scattering ceramics are systematically studied by hot pressing sintering of materials and annealing treatment of finished products. In order to study the anisotropy of PLZT materials in different directions, the oxygen heat is used in this paper. PLZT (X/70/30, X=7.45,7.51,7.57,7.63) series transparent ceramics with compact structure and uniform composition are prepared by pressure sintering process. The phase structure, microstructure and related properties of this series of materials are systematically studied in the direction of hot pressing and perpendicular to the hot pressing direction. In the process of hot pressing, the samples of each component are pure. Perovskite structure and dense, uniform grain, La element can effectively promote grain growth, improve the optical transmittance of the material and optimize the electronic light scattering properties of the material. In the direction of parallel to the hot pressure, the square ratio (c/a1) is more deviated from the rhombus (c/a=1), the cell volume is smaller, and the structural modification is serious. At the same time, due to the hot pressing sintering process, parallel. The resistance (pressure) is greater in the direction of the hot press, which makes the average grain size in the direction slightly smaller; in parallel to the direction of the hot press, more serious structural distortion, more grain boundaries make the light scattering loss in this direction serious, the optical transmittance is lower than the transmissivity perpendicular to the hot pressing direction, and the material is more stable in the direction parallel to the hot pressing direction. PLZT (X/70/30, X=7.45,7.54,7.63) series of transparent ceramics with dense structure and uniform composition were prepared by hot pressing sintering process. Based on the study of anisotropy of PLZT ceramics, the "parallel" cutting samples were selected and annealed in parallel to the properties of the hot pressing direction. The effect of treatment on the properties of PLZT ceramics: the ceramic samples of each component showed a typical saturated square hysteresis loop without annealing treatment. After annealing, the residual polarization Pr and the coercive field Ec of the PLZT ceramics decreased obviously, especially the PLZT (7.63/70/30) component ceramics showed a double hysteresis loop with antiferroelectric properties. Characteristics. The field induced strain corresponding to the ferroelectric properties of the material is obviously reduced after annealing. As the optical and electro-optical properties of the ceramics are very sensitive to the annealing conditions, the annealing treatment is subdivided into fast annealing and slow annealing. After annealing, the transmittance of the materials is increased, and the sample through the annealing process is slowly annealed. After annealing treatment, the electronic light scattering properties of each component of the ceramic samples were greatly improved, especially the PLZT (7.63/70/30) component ceramics showed different electronic light scattering behavior - the transmittance reached the maximum under the lower threshold electric field and could be in a wider electric field range. The maximum and perfect symmetry are maintained within.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ174.1

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