本文選題：石墨烯 + 氧化石墨烯��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：石墨烯是碳原子以六角形密堆積形成的二維原子晶體,具有獨(dú)特的物理化學(xué)性質(zhì),在電子器件、能源環(huán)境和生物醫(yī)學(xué)等諸多領(lǐng)域展現(xiàn)出廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。石墨烯的可控制備和組裝是其實(shí)際應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)。本論文以水溶性氧化石墨烯(GO)為前驅(qū)體,基于膠體和界面化學(xué)基本原理和技術(shù)策略,成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了石墨烯在不同尺度上的可控制備和組裝,并研究了石墨烯片層結(jié)構(gòu)的組裝機(jī)制。在微納米尺度上,制備得到了石墨烯基微球和一維(1D)石墨烯納米帶；在宏觀尺度上,實(shí)現(xiàn)了厘米級(jí)二維(2D)石墨烯薄膜和三維(3D)石墨烯組裝體的可控構(gòu)筑。并對(duì)各種石墨烯組裝結(jié)構(gòu)的特異性能和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了探索。主要研究結(jié)果如下： 1.氧化石墨烯液晶乳液的制備及其控制組裝：通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)界面張力,控制氧化石墨烯納米片在油/水界面的自組裝行為形成氧化石墨烯液晶乳液。二維氧化石墨烯納米片在界面上的定向排列形成液晶的各向異性。得到的液晶乳液結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定,可作為軟模板構(gòu)筑孔道規(guī)則可控(1.7～31.6μm)的三維的石墨烯組裝體結(jié)構(gòu)。 2.石墨烯納米帶的制備及其功能化：利用限域空間內(nèi)的結(jié)冰過(guò)程誘導(dǎo)石墨烯片層折疊,形成具有超彈性(彈性形變恢時(shí)間小于35ms)的新型一維石墨烯帶狀結(jié)構(gòu)。提出制備石墨烯包覆過(guò)渡金屬氧化物復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的通用技術(shù),包覆四氧化三鐵的石墨烯折疊納米帶作為鋰離子電池負(fù)極材料表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的倍率特性能(10C)和長(zhǎng)達(dá)600次的穩(wěn)定循環(huán)壽命。 3.綠色還原法石墨烯制備及其柔性高強(qiáng)度二維宏觀薄膜構(gòu)筑：提出基于檸檬酸鈉作為還原劑的綠色還原新技術(shù)制備石墨烯。采用XRD特征峰比值法系統(tǒng)研究了氧化石墨烯的檸檬酸鈉還原進(jìn)程。將化學(xué)還原石墨烯真空誘導(dǎo)自組裝構(gòu)筑柔性石墨烯薄膜結(jié)構(gòu),考察了不同干燥方式對(duì)于薄膜形成過(guò)程和力學(xué)強(qiáng)度的影響,制備得到了抗拉強(qiáng)度高達(dá)83MPa的石墨烯薄膜材料。 4.超快共價(jià)交聯(lián)組裝多功能石墨烯三維組裝體：發(fā)展超快制備(1min)氧化石墨烯三維組裝體的化學(xué)交聯(lián)策略。利用商業(yè)化環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂固化劑(聚醚胺-D400)作為交聯(lián)劑,基于分子動(dòng)力學(xué)計(jì)算和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果提出氧化石墨片層組裝過(guò)程中存在的三種結(jié)構(gòu)模型：環(huán)型構(gòu)型,橋型構(gòu)型和尾形構(gòu)型。得到的三維組裝體是一種低毒性支撐體材料,細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)測(cè)試表明人體成纖維細(xì)胞(L929)能夠順利在其孔道上生長(zhǎng)繁殖,24h后細(xì)胞存活率高達(dá)99%。
[Abstract]:Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal formed by hexagonal dense stacking of carbon atoms. It has unique physical and chemical properties. Graphene has been widely used in many fields such as electronic devices, energy environment and biomedicine. The controlled preparation and assembly of graphene is the basis of its practical application. Based on the basic principles and technical strategies of colloid and interfacial chemistry, the controllable preparation and assembly of graphene at different scales were successfully realized in this thesis, and the assembly mechanism of graphene lamellar structure was studied. Graphene based microspheres and one-dimensional (1D) graphene nanobelts were prepared at the micro- and nano-scale, and the controllable construction of centimeter-scale 2D / 2D) graphene thin films and 3D / 3D) graphene assemblies were achieved. The specific properties and application fields of various graphene assembly structures were also explored. The main findings are as follows: 1. Preparation and controlled assembly of graphene oxide liquid crystal emulsion: graphene oxide liquid crystal emulsion was formed by adjusting the interfacial tension and controlling the self-assembly behavior of graphene oxide nanoparticles at the oil / water interface. The orientation of graphene oxide nanocrystals at the interface formed the anisotropy of liquid crystal. The obtained liquid crystal emulsion has a stable structure and can be used as a soft template to construct a three-dimensional graphene assembly structure with a regularly controlled pore structure of 1.7 ~ 31.6 渭 m. 2. Preparation and functionalization of graphene nanobelts: a novel one-dimensional graphene strip structure with hyperelastic (elastic deformation recovery time less than 35 Ms) was formed by inducing graphene lamellar folding by ice formation in confined space. A general technique for preparing graphene coated transition metal oxide composite structure is presented. The graphene folded nanobelts coated with iron trioxide as anode materials for lithium ion batteries show excellent rate characteristic of 10C) and stable cycle life of 600 times. 3. The preparation of graphene by green reduction method and the construction of flexible high strength two-dimensional macro film: a new green reduction technology based on sodium citrate was proposed to prepare graphene. The process of sodium citrate reduction of graphene oxide was studied by XRD characteristic peak ratio method. The structure of flexible graphene thin films was constructed by vacuum induced self-assembly of chemically reduced graphene. The effects of different drying methods on the formation process and mechanical strength of the films were investigated. The graphene thin films with tensile strength up to 83MPa were prepared. 4. Ultrafast covalent crosslinking assembly of multifunctional graphene: development of chemical crosslinking strategy for ultrafast preparation of graphene oxide three-dimensional assembly. The commercial epoxy resin curing agent (polyether amine D400) was used as crosslinking agent. Based on the molecular dynamics calculation and experimental results, three structural models of graphite oxide lamellar assembly were proposed: ring configuration, bridge configuration and tail configuration. The results of cell culture test showed that human fibroblasts (L929) could successfully grow and reproduce on their channels for 24 hours and the cell survival rate was as high as 99g.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ127.11

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本文編號(hào)：1880155