發(fā)布時間：2018-04-28 20:46

  本文選題：PVDF + TiO_2納米粒子�。� 參考：《天津工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于分離效率高、無污染、操作方便、節(jié)約能源等優(yōu)點,膜分離技術(shù)在許多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。聚偏氟乙烯是一種常用的膜材料,其具有良好的抗老化性、耐候性、機(jī)械性能和耐紫外光輻射及化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性等特性,且不受強(qiáng)酸、強(qiáng)堿和強(qiáng)氧化劑的腐蝕。然而,PVDF表面能低,導(dǎo)致疏水性強(qiáng),使膜在使用過程中極易受到有機(jī)物及微生物的影響,造成膜的污染,降低膜的分離效果和使用壽命,限制了其在多領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用。因此需要對PVDF進(jìn)行改性,以拓展膜分離過程的工業(yè)應(yīng)用范圍。在本課題中分別利用半互穿網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)將丙烯酸單體和PVDF粉末通過同步合成法制得PVDF/PAA聚合物,將其與二氧化鈦溶膠凝膠共混制備PVDF/PAA/Ti02復(fù)合膜;利用自聚合反應(yīng)使鹽酸多巴胺在PVDF粉末的表面發(fā)生聚合反應(yīng),制得PVDF/PDA粉末,通過浸沒沉淀相轉(zhuǎn)化法制備PVDF/PDA膜,利用液相沉積法將二氧化鈦無機(jī)納米粒子負(fù)載在膜的表面和內(nèi)部,制備PVDF/PDA/Ti02復(fù)合膜。本課題對復(fù)合膜的表征及測試進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的研究。采用紅外光譜(FTIR)、場發(fā)射掃描電子顯微鏡(FESEM)、能譜分析(EDX)、X射線電子光譜(XPS)、接觸角測試儀以及紫外可見分光光度計等分析測試手段對制備的復(fù)合膜進(jìn)行表征和測試,分析PVDF改性前后基團(tuán)的變化和膜表面及內(nèi)部元素組成,觀察膜表面及斷面的形貌。結(jié)果表明,PAA和PDA成功的對PVDF進(jìn)行了改性,并提高了 PVDF的親水性能。TiO2無機(jī)納米粒子均勻的分布在膜內(nèi),未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象,同時其賦予了復(fù)合膜良好的自清潔性能。PDA的引入,使TiO2無機(jī)納米粒子在膜的表面大量負(fù)載,賦予了復(fù)合膜光敏性。復(fù)合膜表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)良的油水分離性能。
[Abstract]:Because of the advantages of high separation efficiency, no pollution, convenient operation and energy saving, membrane separation technology has been widely used in many fields. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a commonly used membrane material. It has good aging resistance, weathering resistance, mechanical properties, UV radiation resistance and chemical stability, and is not corroded by strong acid, strong alkali and strong oxidant. However, the low surface energy of PVDF leads to strong hydrophobicity, which makes the membrane easily affected by organic matter and microorganism in the process of use, resulting in membrane fouling, reducing the separation effect and service life of the membrane, and limiting its application in many fields. Therefore, it is necessary to modify PVDF in order to expand the industrial application of membrane separation process. In this paper, PVDF/PAA polymer was synthesized by syntheses of acrylic acid monomer and PVDF powder by semi-interpenetrating network technology, and PVDF/PAA/Ti02 composite membrane was prepared by blending it with TIO _ 2 sol gel. The PVDF/PDA powder was prepared by self-polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride on the surface of PVDF powder. The PVDF/PDA film was prepared by immersion precipitation phase inversion method. The TIO _ 2 inorganic nanoparticles were loaded on the surface and inside of the film by liquid phase deposition. PVDF/PDA/Ti02 composite membrane was prepared. In this paper, the characterization and test of composite membrane are studied systematically. The composite films were characterized and tested by means of FTIR, field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy spectrum analysis (EDX), X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle tester and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The changes of the groups and the composition of the surface and internal elements of PVDF were analyzed, and the morphology of the surface and cross section of the membrane were observed. The results showed that PVDF was modified successfully by PVDF and PDA, and the hydrophilicity of PVDF. TiO2 inorganic nanoparticles were distributed uniformly in the film, no obvious agglomeration was found, and the composite membrane was endowed with good self-cleaning property. PDA was introduced into the composite membrane. The TiO2 inorganic nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of the membrane, which gave Guang Min of the composite membrane. The composite membrane shows excellent oil-water separation performance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ051.893

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本文編號：1816804