本文選題：功能安全　切入點(diǎn)：安全完整性等級(jí)　出處：《沈陽航空航天大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)文明的飛速發(fā)展,工業(yè)技術(shù)的快速進(jìn)步,人類社會(huì)對(duì)安全的重視程度越來越高。功能安全技術(shù)起到保障人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)、環(huán)境安全的重要作用,但其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)目標(biāo)安全完整性等級(jí)確定有關(guān)分析方法運(yùn)用的合理性、有效性等方面仍存在一些值得探討的問題。因此,以功能安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為背景,建立科學(xué)的方法選取原則,考慮共因失效對(duì)受控設(shè)備風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析的影響,對(duì)科學(xué)確定目標(biāo)安全完整性等級(jí)具有十分重要的實(shí)用價(jià)值和借鑒意義。針對(duì)分析方法的科學(xué)選用這一問題,本文在功能安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理論基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)常用的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)圖法等6種分析方法的適用性以及受控設(shè)備的安全特征等進(jìn)行全面深入分析,提出基于特征的受控設(shè)備與分析方法的科學(xué)匹配,并通過質(zhì)量屋矩陣表達(dá)形式,運(yùn)用事例推理技術(shù)將分析方法與受控設(shè)備特征之間的相關(guān)強(qiáng)度清晰地表達(dá)出來,建立兩者的匹配模式。同樣對(duì)于受控設(shè)備與安全相關(guān)系統(tǒng)之間可能存在共因失效這一問題,本文在5M影響因素定性篩選的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的某一特定事故進(jìn)行故障樹分析,并對(duì)事故樹進(jìn)行割集運(yùn)算,確定導(dǎo)致兩單獨(dú)系統(tǒng)可能出現(xiàn)同時(shí)失效的共同原因事件,運(yùn)用基于故障樹的系統(tǒng)可靠性計(jì)算方法,計(jì)算共因失效對(duì)目標(biāo)SIL確定的影響。最后,分別以煤加壓氣化裝置和大型內(nèi)浮頂油罐為例,對(duì)文中的方法匹配原則和共因失效影響程度進(jìn)行實(shí)例分析,驗(yàn)證了本論文研究可應(yīng)用性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industrial civilization and the rapid progress of industrial technology, human society pays more and more attention to safety.Functional safety technology plays an important role in safeguarding the safety of person, property and environment. However, there are still some problems in its standard, such as the rationality and validity of the analysis method used in determining the level of safety integrity of the target.Therefore, taking the functional safety standard as the background, establishing the principle of scientific method selection and considering the influence of common cause failure on the risk analysis of controlled equipment, it has very important practical value and reference significance to scientifically determine the safety integrity grade of the target.Aiming at the problem of scientific selection of analytical methods, based on the theory of functional safety standard, this paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the applicability of six commonly used risk chart methods and the safety characteristics of controlled equipment.The scientific matching between controlled equipment and analysis method based on feature is put forward, and the correlation strength between analysis method and controlled equipment feature is clearly expressed by means of matrix representation of quality room and case reasoning technology.The matching pattern between the two is established.For the problem that there may be common cause failure between controlled equipment and safety related systems, this paper, based on qualitative screening of 5M influencing factors, makes fault tree analysis for a particular accident that may occur.The common cause events which may lead to the simultaneous failure of two separate systems are determined by means of cutting set operation of the accident tree. The system reliability calculation method based on fault tree is used to calculate the effect of common cause failure on the determination of target SIL.Finally, taking the coal pressurized gasification unit and the large floating roof oil tank as examples, the method matching principle and the degree of common cause failure are analyzed, and the applicability of this paper is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ545;TQ086;TE88

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本文編號(hào)：1701623