本文選題：煤矸石　切入點(diǎn)：加氣混凝土　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨煤礦產(chǎn)業(yè)而生的煤矸石已成為我國現(xiàn)有排放量最大的固體廢棄物,由于煤矸石山的堆放引發(fā)了環(huán)境和社會(huì)方面的諸多問題。近年來,許多國家為了高效地解決煤矸石堆放引發(fā)的環(huán)境問題,把大量的煤矸石應(yīng)用于建筑產(chǎn)業(yè),得到了良好的效果。目前,加氣混凝土產(chǎn)業(yè)在我國蓬勃發(fā)展。利用煤矸石制備加氣混凝土砌塊對(duì)于我國的環(huán)境資源、社會(huì)資源和科學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域都具有重要的意義。通過采用四因素三水平的正交試驗(yàn),得到了試驗(yàn)范圍內(nèi)煤矸石加氣混凝土基體材料的最佳配合比為煤矸石:生石灰:水泥:石膏=60:18.5:18.5:3,此時(shí)基體材料抗壓強(qiáng)度可達(dá)20.9MPa。加氣混凝土料漿中的氣泡通過在漿體中上浮來促使?jié){體體積膨脹,氫氣泡的半徑r越大,且豎直方向的氣泡之間距離h越小時(shí),更有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)單位質(zhì)量加氣混凝土料漿的體積增大。聚羧酸高性能減水劑能夠引起煤矸石加氣混凝土漿體的異常稠化,不適宜用來調(diào)節(jié)煤矸石加氣混凝土漿體的擴(kuò)展度。在煤矸石加氣混凝土基體材料最佳配合比的基礎(chǔ)上,采用三因素三水平的正交試驗(yàn)對(duì)元素的鈣硅比C/S和鋁粉的最優(yōu)摻量進(jìn)行了確定,綜合考慮力學(xué)性能與物理性能,確定了煤矸石加氣混凝土的實(shí)驗(yàn)室最優(yōu)配合比為煤矸石:生石灰:水泥:石膏=54:23:20:3,鋁粉摻量為基體材料總量的1.3‰,水灰比為0.5,此時(shí)基體材料的鈣硅比為0.82。實(shí)驗(yàn)室確定的煤矸石加氣混凝土的養(yǎng)護(hù)制度為:在1.1MPa的真空壓力下恒溫187℃養(yǎng)護(hù)8h。XRD測(cè)試結(jié)果表明該蒸壓養(yǎng)護(hù)制度能夠使得大量煤矸石加氣混凝土的基體材料生成托勃莫來石型CSH水化產(chǎn)物。研究表明,煤矸石加氣混凝土中的孔主要介于0.5mm~2mm之間,并存在一定數(shù)量的連通孔。50次凍融循環(huán)使得煤矸石加氣混凝土試塊的質(zhì)量有所增加,為裂縫吸水和膠凝材料繼續(xù)水化的共同作用。硬脂酸鈣的加入能夠有效抑制加氣混凝土試塊早期的材料吸水,但會(huì)使抗壓強(qiáng)度顯著下降,對(duì)抗凍性能不利。穩(wěn)泡劑對(duì)提高煤矸石加氣混凝土的抗凍性能有利,使得50次凍融循環(huán)后試塊的抗壓強(qiáng)度顯著增加,擴(kuò)展度為250mm、290mm和320mm的試塊抗壓強(qiáng)度增加程度分別達(dá)到了15.5%、26.5%和30.4%。
[Abstract]:Coal gangue produced by coal mine industry has become the largest emission of solid waste in China. Because of coal gangue mountain stacking caused many environmental and social problems in recent years, In order to efficiently solve the environmental problems caused by coal gangue stacking, many countries have applied a large number of coal gangue to the construction industry and got good results. The aerated concrete industry is booming in China. The preparation of aerated concrete blocks from coal gangue is of great significance to our country's environmental resources, social resources and scientific research fields. The optimum mix ratio of coal gangue aerated concrete matrix material was obtained as follows: coal gangue: quicklime: cement: gypsum 60: 18.5: 18.5: 3. The compressive strength of the matrix material can reach 20.9 MPA. The bubble in aerated concrete slurry passes through the slurry. To inflate the volume of the slurry, The larger the radius of hydrogen bubble is, the smaller the distance between the vertical bubbles is. Polycarboxylic acid high performance water reducing agent can cause abnormal thickening of coal gangue aerated concrete slurry. It is not suitable for regulating the expansion of coal gangue aerated concrete slurry. On the basis of the optimum mix ratio of coal gangue aerated concrete matrix material, Three factors and three levels of orthogonal test were used to determine the optimum content of C- / Si ratio and aluminum powder, and the mechanical and physical properties were considered synthetically. The optimum mix ratio of coal gangue aerated concrete in laboratory is determined as coal gangue: quicklime: cement: gypsum 54: 23: 20: 3, and the amount of aluminum powder is 1.3 鈥，

本文編號(hào)：1692594