本文選題：聚合物砂漿　切入點(diǎn)：羥丙基甲基纖維素醚　出處：《沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：考慮到建筑節(jié)能與環(huán)境保護(hù),以加氣混凝土砌塊、小型混凝土空心砌塊為代表的新型建材已成為現(xiàn)代建筑的墻體材料主要組成部分,但這些材料普遍具有吸水率高、干縮變形大的特點(diǎn),墻體易開(kāi)裂,要求罩面砂漿具有良好的保水性及韌性,減少由于基體吸水、變形而導(dǎo)致的墻面開(kāi)裂、脫落現(xiàn)象。本論文從改善建筑砂漿保水性入手,探討多種保水組分如羥丙基甲基纖維素醚、羧甲基纖維素鈉、膨潤(rùn)土,礦物摻合料如粉煤灰、礦粉等對(duì)砂漿力學(xué)性能(抗壓、折和粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度)、工作性能(保水性、稠度和流動(dòng)度)以及抗開(kāi)裂性能的影響規(guī)律,并通過(guò)SEM掃描電鏡觀察羥丙基甲基纖維素醚、羧甲基纖維素鈉和膨潤(rùn)土這三種保水組分在砂漿中分散后的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài),分析保水性能的作用機(jī)理。研究結(jié)果表明:羥丙基甲基纖維素醚對(duì)于砂漿的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度有較明顯的改善,對(duì)抗折強(qiáng)度略有改善,但對(duì)于抗壓強(qiáng)度幾乎沒(méi)有提高。當(dāng)摻量在0.3%的時(shí)候,砂漿的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度最高。砂漿的抗折強(qiáng)度在0.4%的摻量時(shí)達(dá)到最高值;羧甲基纖維素鈉對(duì)砂漿的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度有明顯改善,但對(duì)抗壓、折強(qiáng)度改善不明顯。隨著摻量的增加粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度逐漸提高,當(dāng)摻量在0.3%時(shí),砂漿的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度最高;膨潤(rùn)土可以有效改善砂漿的抗折強(qiáng)度和粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度,對(duì)早期抗壓強(qiáng)度有較明顯提高,但對(duì)后期抗壓強(qiáng)度改善不顯著。膨潤(rùn)土摻量在5%時(shí),砂漿的抗折強(qiáng)度和粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度出現(xiàn)最高值;粉煤灰對(duì)砂漿早期的抗壓、折強(qiáng)度有損失,但在后期的強(qiáng)度有明顯提高。對(duì)于粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度略有改善,摻入時(shí)要嚴(yán)格控制其替代量。粉煤灰替代量在24%時(shí),砂漿28天的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度出現(xiàn)最高值。而替代量在16%時(shí),7天的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度出現(xiàn)最高值。粉煤灰替代量在28%時(shí),砂漿的28天抗壓、折強(qiáng)度最高;礦粉對(duì)砂漿的早期抗折強(qiáng)度有損失,對(duì)于抗壓強(qiáng)度和粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度都有較明顯改善,所以礦粉和粉煤灰相似,考慮粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度的優(yōu)化時(shí)要嚴(yán)格控制其替代量。礦粉替代量在24%時(shí),砂漿的粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度出現(xiàn)最高值。礦粉替代量在32%左右時(shí),砂漿的抗壓、折強(qiáng)度最高;羥丙基甲基纖維素醚過(guò)多量添加,對(duì)于砂漿的工作性能改善不顯著,甚至影響實(shí)驗(yàn)的操作,但是微量添加卻可以很好的改善砂漿的工作性能,且最高保水率可達(dá)99.7%;羥丙基甲基纖維素醚、羧甲基纖維素鈉、膨潤(rùn)土、粉煤灰和礦粉這五個(gè)組分對(duì)于砂漿的抗裂性能都有不同程度上的改善。只是礦物組分的摻合料對(duì)于砂漿的抗裂性改善效果要比聚合物組分的摻合料弱。從開(kāi)裂性能上考慮,羥丙基甲基纖維素醚的開(kāi)裂指數(shù)為31.2,要遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于其他組分,是改善砂漿開(kāi)裂性能的最佳添加劑;通過(guò)SEM電鏡掃描觀察,聚合物的組分在砂漿中水解以后都會(huì)形成網(wǎng)或片狀的膜結(jié)構(gòu)穿插在砂漿中,而且聚合物的基團(tuán)具有較高的吸水性,能很好的吸附水分,防止其流失,具有較高的保水能力。
[Abstract]:Taking into account building energy conservation and environmental protection, new building materials, represented by aerated concrete blocks and small concrete hollow blocks, have become a major component of wall materials in modern buildings, but these materials generally have high water absorption, The wall is easy to crack because of the large dry shrinkage deformation, which requires the covering mortar to have good water retention and toughness, to reduce the cracking and shedding of the wall due to the water absorption and deformation of the matrix. This paper begins with the improvement of the water-retaining property of the building mortar. This paper discusses the mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength and bond strength) of various water-retaining components such as hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite, mineral admixtures such as fly ash, mineral powder, etc. The effects of consistency and fluidity on cracking resistance were studied by SEM scanning electron microscope. The microstructures of three water-retaining components, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and bentonite, were observed by SEM scanning electron microscope. The mechanism of water retention was analyzed. The results showed that the adhesive strength and flexural strength of the mortar were obviously improved by hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, and the flexural strength was slightly improved. However, the compressive strength of mortar is almost unchanged. When the content of cement is 0.3%, the bond strength of mortar is the highest, the flexural strength of mortar reaches the highest value at the content of 0.4%, and the bond strength of mortar is obviously improved by sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. However, the compressive strength and flexural strength were not improved obviously. The bond strength of mortar increased gradually with the increase of the content of bentonite, and the bond strength of mortar was the highest when the content was 0.3. Bentonite could effectively improve the flexural strength and bond strength of mortar, and bentonite could effectively improve the flexural strength and bond strength of mortar. The flexural strength and bond strength of mortar have the highest value when the content of bentonite is 5, and the compressive strength and flexural strength of fly ash are lost in the early stage of mortar, while the compressive strength of mortar in the early stage is improved obviously, but the improvement of compressive strength in the later stage is not obvious. But in the later stage, the strength has been improved obviously. The bond strength is slightly improved, and the substitution quantity of fly ash should be strictly controlled when it is mixed. When the substitution quantity of fly ash is 24, The bond strength of mortar appeared the highest value at 28 days, and the bond strength of 7 days after 16 days of substitution. When the replacement amount of fly ash was 28, the compressive strength of mortar was 28 days and the flexural strength was the highest; the mineral powder had a loss on the early flexural strength of mortar. The compressive strength and bond strength are obviously improved, so the mineral powder is similar to fly ash. When considering the optimization of bond strength, the substitution quantity of mineral powder should be strictly controlled. The bond strength of mortar has the highest value. When the substitution of mineral powder is about 32%, the compressive strength and flexural strength of mortar are the highest, and the addition of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether is not significant to the performance of mortar, and even affects the operation of experiment. However, microaddition can improve the performance of mortar, and the highest water retention rate can reach 99.7%; hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, bentonite, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, bentonite, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, The five components of fly ash and mineral powder have improved the crack resistance of mortar to some extent, but the effect of the admixture of mineral component is weaker than that of the admixture of polymer component. The cracking index of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether is 31.2, which is much better than other components, and is the best additive to improve the cracking property of mortar. After hydrolysis of polymer in mortar, the polymer components will form a network or a membrane structure in the mortar, and the polymer group has a high water absorption, good adsorption of water, prevent its loss, and has a higher water retention capacity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ177.6

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