本文選題：離子液體　切入點(diǎn)：支撐液膜　出處：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氰化物具有很好的絡(luò)合能力,因此廣泛應(yīng)用于化工生產(chǎn)中。然而氰化物是劇毒物質(zhì),對(duì)人體及生態(tài)環(huán)境有毒害作用,可使細(xì)胞失去活性,引起組織窒息,因此氰化廢水的處理在環(huán)境保護(hù)中受到普遍重視。離子液體是一種新型綠色溶劑,具有化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性好、不易揮發(fā)、離子遷移率高等特性,可代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)有機(jī)試劑作為膜溶液制備離子液體支撐液膜,用于處理含氰廢水。針對(duì)某黃金冶煉廠含氰廢水治理難題,本論文通過在聚偏氟乙烯基膜(PVDF)中填充室溫離子液體(1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸鹽,[Bmim]PF6)制備“填充型”離子液體支撐液膜(SILMs),研究了含氰廢水在離子液體支撐液膜中的傳輸分離過程,考察了膜浸泡時(shí)間、原料液中總氰初始濃度、原料液p H、解析相Na OH濃度、反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)總氰傳輸?shù)挠绊?確定總氰傳輸過程最優(yōu)條件。考察不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下的滲透系數(shù)及原料液中總氰濃度變化,研究了萃取條件對(duì)傳輸效率的影響規(guī)律。采用電化學(xué)阻抗譜法(EIS)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)和分析總氰傳質(zhì)過程中膜液流失行為,研究離子液體支撐液膜在應(yīng)用中的穩(wěn)定性。(1)以聚偏氟乙烯膜為支撐基膜,煤油為膜溶劑,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸鹽為離子液體,采用浸漬法制備填充型離子液體支撐液膜,通過計(jì)算考察了不同離子液體支撐液膜的膜固容量及膜損失率,通過掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、接觸角(CA)等表征方法考察了膜表面及斷面形態(tài)、膜潤(rùn)濕性等性能,從而制備性能較好的離子液體支撐液膜。(2)考察膜浸泡時(shí)間、原料液中總氰初始濃度、原料液p H、解析相Na OH濃度及反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)總氰傳輸?shù)挠绊憽５玫搅瞬煌瑢?shí)驗(yàn)條件下的總氰去除率。最優(yōu)的傳輸分離條件為:膜浸泡時(shí)間為1h、原料液濃度為312.24mg/L、原料液p H為4、解析相Na OH溶液濃度為3%及反應(yīng)溫度為25℃。在最優(yōu)實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下,總氰去除率可達(dá)95.31%,萃取效率良好。(3)考察了膜浸泡時(shí)間、原料液濃度、原料液p H、解析相Na OH濃度及反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)總氰傳輸?shù)挠绊憽５玫搅瞬煌瑢?shí)驗(yàn)條件下的滲透系數(shù)及原料液中總氰濃度變化,從而確定不同反應(yīng)時(shí)間下總氰的傳輸速率。(4)建立了交流阻抗法研究離子液體支撐液膜穩(wěn)定性的方法。通過測(cè)定體系電阻或電容的變化,可實(shí)時(shí)連續(xù)地監(jiān)測(cè)離子液體支撐液膜中膜液流失情況,進(jìn)而說明了液膜的穩(wěn)定性。傳質(zhì)過程中,膜孔中膜液不斷流失,其電阻值也不斷降低,膜液流失到相鄰水相中則溶液電阻不斷增加。膜液損失初始階段,由于支撐液膜表面的離子液體很容易在攪拌條件下脫落,因而流失速度較快;達(dá)到中間階段,膜孔中已有大部分離子液體流失,膜電阻值大幅度降低;當(dāng)達(dá)到穿透階段,膜孔中的離子液體幾乎全部流失,水相溶液浸入膜孔,支撐基體被穿透,即支撐液膜失效。因此,采用交流阻抗譜法可較好地實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)離子液體支撐液膜的狀態(tài),進(jìn)而表示膜液流失過程。
[Abstract]:Cyanide has good complexation ability, so it is widely used in chemical industry. However, cyanide is a highly toxic substance, which can cause cell inactivation and tissue asphyxia. Therefore, the treatment of cyanide wastewater has been paid more and more attention to in environmental protection. Ionic liquid is a new green solvent with good chemical stability, low volatility and high ionic mobility. It can replace traditional organic reagent as membrane solution to prepare ionic liquid supporting liquid membrane, which can be used to treat cyanide containing wastewater. In this paper, the "filled" ionic liquid supporting liquid membrane SILMsN was prepared by filling room temperature ionic liquid (Bmim) with room temperature ionic liquid (Bmim) in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The effect of cyanide-containing wastewater on the membrane of ionic liquid supporting liquid was studied. Transport separation process, The effects of membrane soaking time, initial concentration of total cyanide in feedstock solution, pH of raw material solution, concentration of analytical phase NaOH, reaction temperature on total cyanide transport were investigated. The optimum conditions of total cyanide transport were determined. The permeability coefficient and the change of total cyanide concentration in raw liquid under different experimental conditions were investigated. The effect of extraction conditions on transport efficiency was studied. EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) was used to monitor and analyze the membrane fluid loss in the process of total cyanide mass transfer in real time. The stability of ionic liquid supporting liquid membrane in application was studied. The filled ionic liquid supported liquid membrane was prepared by impregnation method, using polyvinylidene fluoride membrane as the supporting membrane and kerosene as the solvent as the ionic liquid liquid, and the kerosene as the solvent, the 1-#china_person0# -3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate salt as the ionic liquid liquid liquid. The membrane solid capacity and membrane loss rate of different ionic liquid supported liquid membranes were investigated by calculation. The surface and cross-section morphology and the wettability of the membranes were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle (CAA). So as to prepare the better ionic liquid supporting liquid membrane. 2) to investigate the soaking time of the membrane, the initial concentration of total cyanide in the raw liquid, The effect of NaOH concentration and reaction temperature on the total cyanide transport was obtained. The optimum transport conditions were as follows: the time of membrane immersion was 1 h, the concentration of raw material solution was 312.24 mg / L, and the removal rate of total cyanide was obtained under different experimental conditions. The solution pH is 4, the concentration of analytical phase NaOH solution is 3% and the reaction temperature is 25 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1596697