本文關鍵詞： 正滲透 非溶液致相分離 三醋酸纖維 復合溶劑 微囊藻毒素　出處：《上海應用技術學院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：反滲透技術(RO)作為一種高效的膜分離技術,為解決水資源短缺,水環(huán)境惡化等問題發(fā)揮著重要作用,已廣泛地滲透于各種行業(yè)。最近,正滲透(Forward Osmosis)作為一種新型的膜分離技術,依靠其自身溶液滲透壓的驅(qū)動,有效地降低耗能,目前正被越來越多的研究人員所關注。本文以三醋酸纖維為膜材料,以1,4-二氧六環(huán),氮甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP),丙酮為復合溶劑,以甲醇,磷酸三乙酯,磷酸及乳酸中的一種作為添加劑,通過不同的凝膠條件,利用非溶劑致相分離法(NIPS)法來制備高性能的正滲透膜。首先,選擇合適的復合溶劑配比制備均一性良好的鑄膜液進行刮膜。其次,討論不同凝膠條件對成膜結(jié)構與性能的影響,其中,最佳溶劑的預揮發(fā)時間15s,揮發(fā)溫度為25℃,在這個條件下獲得的膜具有很高的通量,以及較高的截留率；最佳凝膠溫度為10℃；膜后處理溫度在60-70℃之間,可獲得孔徑分布較小的膜。最后,探索了幾種不同驅(qū)動液在正滲透應用中的研究以及討論了運用正滲透技術進行微囊藻毒素脫除的方法。不同的驅(qū)動液具有不同的滲透壓,因而在正滲透體系中具有不同的水通量。氯化鎂溶液較氯化鈉和葡萄糖溶液有高的水通量；而葡萄糖作為驅(qū)動液時,對應的正滲透體系具有較高的截留率。另外,通過對微囊藻毒素的脫除實驗,初步證明正滲透可以有效地進行微囊藻毒素的脫除。
[Abstract]:As an efficient membrane separation technology, reverse osmosis (RO) technology plays an important role in solving the problems of water shortage and deterioration of water environment. At present, more and more researchers are paying attention to reducing energy consumption by using the drive of its own solution osmotic pressure. In this paper, triacetate fiber is used as membrane material, with 1 ~ (4) dioxane, N-methylpyrrolidone (NMPN) and acetone as composite solvent. One of the additives in methanol, triethyl phosphate, phosphoric acid and lactic acid was used to prepare high performance normal osmotic membranes by non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) under different gel conditions. The suitable compound solvent ratio was chosen to prepare the casting solution with good uniformity for scraping. Secondly, the effects of different gel conditions on the structure and properties of the film were discussed. Among them, the optimal solvent pre-volatilization time was 15 s, and the volatilization temperature was 25 鈩，

本文編號：1543068