本文關(guān)鍵詞： 析氫性能 PtVFe/WC催化劑 PtVFe/WC/C催化劑　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前我國經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展,工業(yè)水平不斷提高,然而在這一過程中也出現(xiàn)了一系列的社會(huì)與環(huán)境問題,其中能源危機(jī)與環(huán)境污染顯得尤為嚴(yán)重,尤其是近年來發(fā)生的大規(guī)模霧霾事件引起人們的廣泛重視。為了解決這個(gè)問題人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)注清潔能源的發(fā)展,例如風(fēng)能,太陽能等,其中氫能因?yàn)槠淙紵矢?儲(chǔ)量豐富,無污染物排放,是目前最有前景的能源之一。近年來儲(chǔ)氫技術(shù)與新材料得到了極大地發(fā)展,氫能也在多種工業(yè)中發(fā)揮著更重要的作用。氫能的迅速獲取主要得益于氫氣能被大量快速的制備,電解水是氫氣制備的最常用方法之一,其過程簡(jiǎn)單,無污染,電解效率高達(dá)80%且產(chǎn)物純度高,使其得到了應(yīng)用與發(fā)展。然而,在商業(yè)上氫能的廣泛應(yīng)用還是受到很大的限制,這主要是由于析氫反應(yīng)中超電勢(shì)造成的高能耗,導(dǎo)致了制氫成本偏高,因此制備高效、低廉的電催化劑成為析氫技術(shù)研究最重要的工作。Pt、V、Fe屬于過渡金屬,其d軌道的電子具有特殊的性質(zhì),使其更容易與氫發(fā)生吸附和脫附,即相對(duì)容易發(fā)生析氫反應(yīng),這使其引起人們的關(guān)注。自從人們發(fā)現(xiàn)WC有一些催化性能并證實(shí)WC的電催化性能與Pt非常相似以來,WC受到研究者們的廣泛關(guān)注。本論文采用熱分解和還原反應(yīng)成功合成了PtVFe納米顆粒,再將WC加入到制備的PtVFe納米顆粒中,經(jīng)過熱處理以及煅燒成功制備了PtVFe/WC新型納米復(fù)合催化劑。使用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、能譜儀(EDS)、X射線衍射(XRD)以及透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)、選區(qū)電子衍射(SAED)、高分辨透射電子顯微鏡(HRTEM)等方法對(duì)新型納米復(fù)合催化劑的表面形貌、尺寸、晶體組成與結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了測(cè)定及表征。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,制得的新型納米復(fù)合催化劑顆粒尺寸小,分布比較均勻,屬于多晶結(jié)構(gòu)。通過線性掃描(LSV)和Tafel分析了不同合成溫度制備的PtVFe/WC具有不同的析氫性能,結(jié)果表明673K合成溫度下制備的PtVFe/WC納米復(fù)合催化劑比573K和1073K合成溫度下制備的PtVFe/WC納米復(fù)合催化劑具有更好的析氫性能,且其在H2SO4溶液中析氫反應(yīng)的穩(wěn)定性較好。本文主要研究了環(huán)境溫度和電解液濃度對(duì)673K合成溫度下制備的PtVFe/WC納米復(fù)合催化劑析氫性能的影響。近年來,關(guān)于催化劑載體的研究引起了研究者們的廣泛興趣。人們嘗試了不同的材料,將碳化鎢與其它材料復(fù)合,可以在不同程度上提高所制備的復(fù)合催化劑的催化活性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)WC有一定的催化活性,但是只用WC作載體析氫性能并不是很理想,將WC與C共同作為載體,這樣能起到協(xié)同作用從而提升催化劑的析氫性能。本論文采用同樣的方法制備了PtVFe/WC/C納米復(fù)合催化劑,對(duì)其用相同的方法進(jìn)行了物理表征,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)有海綿層鐵存在。用線性掃描比較了PtVFe/C、PtVFe/WC和PtVFe/WC/C納米復(fù)合催化劑在H2SO4溶液中的析氫性能,結(jié)果顯示PtVFe/WC/C納米復(fù)合催化劑在H2SO4溶液中析氫活性最好。本論文還進(jìn)一步研究了環(huán)境溫度和電解液濃度對(duì)673K合成溫度下制備的PtVFe/WC/C納米復(fù)合催化劑析氫性能的影響。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of China's economy, and constantly improve the level of industrial society, however, with a series of environmental problems also appeared in this process, the energy crisis and environmental pollution is particularly serious, especially large-scale haze events happened in recent years attracted widespread attention. In order to solve this problem, people pay more and more attention to development. Clean energy such as wind energy, solar energy, hydrogen energy which because of its high combustion efficiency, abundant reserves, no emissions, is currently one of the most promising energy. In recent years, hydrogen storage technology and new materials have been greatly developed, hydrogen also in many industries play a more important role. Hydrogen rapidly access is mainly due to the hydrogen can be rapidly prepared by water electrolysis is one of the most commonly used method for the preparation of hydrogen, which has the advantages of simple process, no pollution, high electrolytic efficiency reached 80% and the purity of the product High, have led to its application and development. However, widespread application of hydrogen energy in the business is largely limited, which is mainly due to the high energy consumption of the hydrogen evolution reaction in potential caused by the resulting hydrogen production cost is high, so the preparation of high efficient, low power has become a research work on hydrogen catalyst technology of.Pt, the most important V Fe, belonging to the electronic transition metal, the d orbital have special properties that make it more prone to adsorption and desorption and hydrogen, which is relatively prone to hydrogen evolution reaction, which caused the attention of people. Since it is found that WC has some catalytic properties and catalytic properties of Pt and WC confirmed very similar, WC has attracted extensive attention of researchers. This paper using thermal decomposition and synthesis of PtVFe nano particle reduction reaction, then WC was added to the PtVFe nanoparticles in the preparation of PtVFe/WC after heat treatment and calcination preparation work A novel nano composite catalyst. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (SAED), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and other methods of novel nano composite catalyst surface morphology, agent size. The crystal composition and structure were characterized and measured. The experimental results show that the novel nano composite catalyst prepared with small particle size, uniform distribution, which belongs to the polycrystalline structure. By linear scanning (LSV) and Tafel analysis of the different synthesis temperature of PtVFe/WC prepared with different hydrogen evolution performance, results show that the hydrogen evolution property 673K temperature PtVFe/WC nano composite catalyst preparation is better than 573K and 1073K synthesis temperatures of PtVFe/WC nano composite catalyst preparation, and its stability in H2SO4 solution of the hydrogen evolution reaction is studied in this paper is better. Effect of temperature and concentration of electrolyte preparation of PtVFe/WC nano composite catalyst for hydrogen evolution performance of 673K synthesis temperature. In recent years, the research on the catalyst carrier has attracted many attentions. People try different materials, tungsten carbide and other composite materials, can improve the catalytic activity of composite catalyst prepared in different degrees. The study found that WC has a certain catalytic activity, but only WC as the carrier of hydrogen evolution performance is not very ideal, WC and C as the common carrier, it can play a synergistic effect so as to enhance the hydrogen evolution performance of the catalyst. The PtVFe/WC/C nano composite catalyst has been prepared by the same method the system, using the same method of physical characterization, the results showed the presence of a sponge layer of iron. PtVFe/C compared with linear scanning, PtVFe/WC and PtVFe/WC/C nano composite catalyst in H2SO4 solution The performance of hydrogen evolution in the liquid shows that PtVFe/WC/C nano composite catalyst has the best activity for hydrogen evolution in H2SO4 solution. In this paper, we further studied the effect of ambient temperature and electrolyte concentration on the hydrogen evolution performance of PtVFe/WC/C nanocomposite catalyst prepared at 673K synthesis temperature.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：O643.36;TQ116.2

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本文編號(hào)：1501232