發(fā)布時間：2018-02-10 13:48

  本文關鍵詞： 辣素衍生物 抑菌性 正滲透 鹽差能 電滲析　出處：《中國海洋大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：膜技術應用日益增多,但生物污染和濃差極化一直困擾著膜技術的應用。生物污染需要制備具有抗菌表面的膜才能夠從根本上解決,濃差極化則在較厚的膜上體現(xiàn)更加明顯。因此,本實驗制備了抗菌性膜和超薄型膜。能源日益枯竭背景下可再生能源利用和能量回收優(yōu)勢明顯,鹽差能利用與膜技術相相結(jié)合前景廣闊,本實驗利用正滲透技術處理電滲析高鹽濃縮室溶液不僅回收了能源,同時減少了廢水排放引起的污染。本文對紫外光引發(fā)表面接枝方法制備的抑菌性正滲透膜進行了研究,考察了照射時間對膜性能的影響。在此之前對正滲透評價條件進行了測試,得到最佳方法進行后續(xù)實驗。結(jié)果表明,使用N-(4-羥基-3-甲氧基-芐基)丙烯酰胺(HMBA)作為改性劑,隨著照射時間的延長,膜親水性越來越好,接觸角從70°逐漸降至40°,水通量從17 LMH大幅提高到36 LMH,鹽通量從28 LMH小幅提高到32 LMH。抑菌率也逐漸上升,照射時間為10 min時抑菌率已接近100%。本實驗制備了一種新型無支撐高通量正滲透膜并表征。該膜不具備傳統(tǒng)意義上的致密皮層,而是在聚酯篩網(wǎng)孔中發(fā)生界面聚合反應,形成厚度60μm左右的正滲透膜,有效降低了內(nèi)濃差極化,并且制作工藝簡單。結(jié)果表明,界面聚合層的加入有效改善了膜的滲透性能和親水性,水通量可以達到50 LMH,接觸角由110°直接降低到70°以下。本文對正滲透技術在鹽差能發(fā)電中的應用進行了研究。以在實驗室中進行的膜評價結(jié)果為依據(jù),制作單支膜小型試驗裝置,對實驗管路設計的合理性進行論證,然后進一步設計鹽差能發(fā)電樣機。結(jié)果表明,單支膜性能測試裝置運行穩(wěn)定,管路設計合理,將鹽差能樣機設計在軟件中模擬和調(diào)試,也未見異常。測試結(jié)果,水通量為3.14 LMH,鹽通量為3.58 gMH,理論能量密度為1.13 W/m2,即至少需要9支膜才能夠達到發(fā)電量需求。本文將正滲透技術與電滲析聯(lián)用處理氨基酸發(fā)酵母液。先考察了電流密度和料液流量對脫鹽率和回收率的影響,又對正滲透技術濃縮脫鹽室溶液的可行性進行了論證。結(jié)果表明,電流密度越大,氨基酸回收率越低,脫鹽率越高；流量增大,氨基酸回收率和脫鹽率變化不大。濃縮脫鹽室溶液實驗水通量為25LMH,運行6h后原料液體積減為初始值的一半,有利十原料液濃縮提純,可行性較好。
[Abstract]:The application of membrane technology is increasing day by day, but biological pollution and concentration polarization have been puzzling the application of membrane technology. The concentration polarization is more obvious on the thicker film. Therefore, antibacterial film and ultra-thin membrane were prepared in this experiment. Under the background of energy depletion, the advantages of renewable energy utilization and energy recovery were obvious. The use of salt difference energy and membrane technology has a bright future. In this experiment, the solution of electrodialysis high salt concentration chamber is treated by normal osmotic technology, and not only energy is recovered, but also the energy is recovered. At the same time, the pollution caused by wastewater discharge was reduced. In this paper, the bacteriostasis positive osmotic membrane prepared by UV-induced surface grafting was studied. The effects of irradiation time on the properties of the membrane were investigated. The optimum conditions of normal osmotic evaluation were tested and the best method was obtained for further experiments. The results showed that N-HMBA) was used as modifier, and N- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyl) acrylamide was used as modifier. With the prolongation of irradiation time, the hydrophilicity of the membrane became better and better, the contact angle decreased from 70 擄to 40 擄, the water flux increased significantly from 17 LMH to 36 LMH, and the salt flux increased slightly from 28 LMH to 32 LMH. When irradiation time was 10 min, the bacteriostasis rate was close to 100%. A novel unsupported high flux positive osmotic membrane was prepared and characterized. The membrane does not have the traditional dense cortex, but interfacial polymerization occurs in the pore of polyester sieve mesh. The formation of a normal permeable membrane with thickness of about 60 渭 m can effectively reduce the internal concentration polarization and the preparation process is simple. The results show that the addition of the interfacial polymerization layer can effectively improve the permeability and hydrophilicity of the membrane. The water flux can reach 50 LMH and the contact angle is reduced directly from 110 擄to less than 70 擄. In this paper, the application of normal osmotic technology in salt differential energy generation is studied. The rationality of the design of the experimental pipeline is demonstrated, and then the prototype of salt-difference energy generation is designed. The results show that the single-branch membrane performance testing device runs stably and the pipeline design is reasonable, and the design of the salt-difference energy prototype is simulated and debugged in the software. No exceptions. Test results, Water flux is 3.14 LMH, salt flux is 3.58 g MH, theoretical energy density is 1.13 W / m ~ (2), that is to say, at least 9 membranes are needed to meet the demand of electricity production. In this paper, the normal osmotic technique and electrodialysis are combined to treat amino acid fermentation mother liquor. First, the current is investigated. Effects of density and feed flow rate on desalination rate and recovery rate, The feasibility of concentrating desalination chamber solution by normal osmotic technique is also demonstrated. The results show that the higher the current density, the lower the amino acid recovery, the higher the desalination rate and the higher the flow rate. The recovery rate of amino acids and desalination rate were not changed. The experimental water flux of concentrated desalination chamber was 25LMH, and the volume of raw material solution was reduced to half of the initial value after 6 hours of operation.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ051.893

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本文編號：1500659