本文關(guān)鍵詞： 陶瓷焊補(bǔ) 硅粉 莫來(lái)石質(zhì) 熱修補(bǔ)　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：工業(yè)窯爐是鋼鐵、有色金屬、玻璃等行業(yè)不可或缺的熱工設(shè)備，但是由于窯內(nèi)各種氣氛、爐渣的侵蝕，隨著窯爐服役時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)，窯爐會(huì)出現(xiàn)不同程度的損壞，窯爐內(nèi)襯的損壞會(huì)增加能耗，在修補(bǔ)時(shí)需要停窯停產(chǎn)，這就增加了生產(chǎn)周期，增加了生產(chǎn)難度，提高了生產(chǎn)成本。通常修補(bǔ)工業(yè)窯爐的方法有：抹補(bǔ)法、濕法噴補(bǔ)法、火焰法以及陶瓷焊補(bǔ)法。陶瓷焊補(bǔ)是新興起來(lái)的一種熱修工業(yè)窯爐的方法，陶瓷焊補(bǔ)法是利用氧氣將焊補(bǔ)料噴出，到達(dá)高溫待修補(bǔ)區(qū)域，焊補(bǔ)料中的可燃物與氧氣發(fā)生劇烈反應(yīng)，，在修補(bǔ)處形成熔融體，起到修復(fù)破損的作用。與以往的傳統(tǒng)修補(bǔ)工業(yè)窯爐的方法不同，陶瓷焊補(bǔ)避免了降溫、升溫過(guò)程中由溫度的波動(dòng)對(duì)爐體造成的破壞，能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)回復(fù)生產(chǎn)，節(jié)省了成本。由于不同材質(zhì)的材料在使用過(guò)程中的膨脹系數(shù)不一樣，因此，為了保持與基體結(jié)合的穩(wěn)定性，陶瓷焊補(bǔ)料的成分應(yīng)與母材成分相同或相近。在焊補(bǔ)過(guò)程中，影響焊補(bǔ)效果的因素主要有氧氣流量、焊補(bǔ)料配方等。氧氣流量的大小不僅會(huì)影響焊補(bǔ)料的輸送，還會(huì)影響燃燒效果。未經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)熱的氧氣容易降低反應(yīng)面的燃燒溫度進(jìn)而影響焊補(bǔ)面燃燒的穩(wěn)定性。目前，工業(yè)應(yīng)用中尚且存在硅粉燃燒效率低，焊接體疏松且與母體結(jié)合不牢固，點(diǎn)火效率差等諸多問(wèn)題。 本文以硅粉、鋁粉為燃燒劑，石英、剛玉為焊補(bǔ)骨料，利用小型焊補(bǔ)裝置在實(shí)驗(yàn)室范圍進(jìn)行了陶瓷焊補(bǔ)實(shí)驗(yàn)，研究了添加不同燃燒劑、不同粒度的骨料對(duì)焊補(bǔ)過(guò)程的影響，不同類(lèi)型焊補(bǔ)料的研究以及如何提高硅粉的燃燒效率，通過(guò)X射線(xiàn)衍射儀（XRD）、金相顯微鏡、紅外測(cè)溫儀、掃描電子顯微鏡（SEM）和比表面積測(cè)試儀對(duì)焊補(bǔ)體的微觀形貌、成分、結(jié)構(gòu)，焊補(bǔ)過(guò)程中的反應(yīng)溫度進(jìn)行了分析. 研究表明： （1）以硅粉、剛玉為主要原料，通過(guò)焊補(bǔ)料的配方優(yōu)化，研制出了莫來(lái)石質(zhì)高溫陶瓷焊補(bǔ)料，通過(guò)X射線(xiàn)衍射分析，焊補(bǔ)體中出現(xiàn)莫來(lái)石的晶核。 （2）當(dāng)氧氣流量0.4m3h-1、利用率為30%時(shí)，氧氣對(duì)硅粉的助燃效果最佳，并且氧氣對(duì)焊補(bǔ)料的攜帶輸送能力也達(dá)到最佳；當(dāng)焊補(bǔ)料中硅粉加入質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為25%時(shí)，焊補(bǔ)效果最佳，焊補(bǔ)面溫度高達(dá)2637K；此外，不同粒度級(jí)配的焊補(bǔ)料要比單一粒度級(jí)配的焊補(bǔ)料更容易燃燒。 （3）粒度越細(xì)、比表面積越大，硅粉的燃燒效率越高；以鉀鹽、鐵鹽、銨鹽三種物質(zhì)作為助燃劑研究助燃效果，相同的添加量的助燃劑中，三氧化二鐵的助燃劑助燃效果最佳，硅粉的燃燒效率升高了30%。
[Abstract]:Industrial furnace is iron and steel, nonferrous metals, thermal equipment indispensable glass industry, but because of various kinds of atmosphere in the kiln, the kiln slag erosion, along with the prolonging of service time, the furnace will appear different degree of damage, damage of furnace lining will increase energy consumption in the repair to stop the kiln shutdown, which increases the production cycle, increase the production difficulty, improve the cost of production. Methods usually repair industrial kiln: with reinforcing method, wet spraying method, flame method and ceramic welding method. The ceramic welding is a kind of industrial furnace hot repair method is emerging, the ceramic welding method is the use of oxygen welding the material ejected, reaches the high temperature area to be patched, welding and oxygen in the combustible material of violent reaction, the formation of melt in the repair, to repair damaged. The effect of different methods with traditional repair of industrial kiln, ceramic welding. Free cooling, heating process by the temperature fluctuation of the furnace body damage, can recover in a short period of time, save the cost. Because of the different materials in the process of using the expansion coefficient is not the same, therefore, in order to maintain stability in combination with the substrate, ceramic welding material component should be with the mother the composition of the same or similar. In the welding process, the influence factors of welding effect are the main flow of oxygen and welding material formulations. The flow rate of oxygen will not only affect the delivery of welding material, the effect will also affect the combustion. Without preheating oxygen easily reduced stability of reaction surface combustion temperature affect the welding surface burning. At present, it exists in the industrial application of silica fume with low combustion efficiency, welding body loose and with maternal binding is not strong, many problems in the ignition efficiency is poor.
In this paper, silica powder as combustion agent, quartz and corundum as aggregate welding, mending device in the laboratory of ceramic welding experiments using small welding, to study the effect of different combustion agent, effects of different size aggregate butt welding repair process, different types of welding material and how to improve the combustion efficiency of silica fume. By means of X ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscope, infrared thermometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the ratio of microstructure, surface area tester for butt welding of complement components, structure, reaction temperature of welding process were analyzed.
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本文編號(hào)：1479135