本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中空纖維膜 層層自組裝 人工肺 膜式氧合器 硅橡膠　出處：《暨南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中空纖維膜(HFMs)是體外膜式氧合器(ECMO)進行氧氣和二氧化碳與血液交換的的核心材料和關(guān)鍵部件,具有穩(wěn)定的化學(xué)性質(zhì)和較大的有效膜面積等特點,可以顯著降低膜組件的體積,起到免疫屏障作用。HFMs的傳統(tǒng)制備技術(shù)主要有溶液紡絲法、熔融紡絲-拉伸法和熱致相分離法。這些制備方法具有工藝簡單,生產(chǎn)效率高,制造成本低等優(yōu)點。但也存在膜孔徑大小難以控制、孔徑分布范圍較寬、透過能力差、截留性能不穩(wěn)定、微孔易被堵塞等問題�；谶@一現(xiàn)狀,本論文通過層層自組裝技術(shù)(LBL)制備厚度和表面微孔可控的HFMs,利用物理包埋法將肝素鈉引入到HFMs,探討肝素化HFMs的血液相容性及其在ECMO上的應(yīng)用可行性,本研究取得的創(chuàng)新性研究成果如下:1、利用乙烯基硅橡膠(PDMS)的雙鍵和含氫硅油的硅氫之間的加成反應(yīng),通過LBL技術(shù)制備了厚度和表面微孔可控的HFMs,探討了LBL技術(shù)的工藝參數(shù)(比如聚合物濃度、交聯(lián)時間、固化時間、固化溫度等)對HFMs的成膜性、膜厚度、膜強度、表面形貌和氣體交換能力等性能的影響。研究結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)交聯(lián)時間和固化時間分別為5 s,固化溫度范圍為50-60℃,PDMS濃度為5.0%,浸涂次數(shù)為3次時,LBL技術(shù)制備的HFMs的成膜性和透氧性能最佳,而且隨著浸涂次數(shù)和膜厚度的增加,透氧性能總體減小。因此,可以通過改變浸涂次數(shù)來調(diào)節(jié)HFMs的厚度,獲得性能可控的HFMs。2、采用物理包埋法將Hep引入到PDMS交聯(lián)層中,制備了肝素化PDMS交聯(lián)膜。通過接觸角測試、動態(tài)凝血實驗、血小板粘附和溶血實驗等方法和手段,探討了肝素化PDMS交聯(lián)膜的親水性和血液相容性。與未肝素化的交聯(lián)膜相比,肝素化PDMS交聯(lián)膜具有較小的溶血率、更少的血小板粘附和更高的BCI值。肝素化PDMS交聯(lián)膜的制備方法簡單,條件溫和、環(huán)保,既能夠保持肝素的生物活性,又能夠降低材料表面與血液之間的界面張力,有利于提高HFMs的血液相容性。3、以聚氨酯塑料管為外殼材料,LBL技術(shù)制備的HFMs為基質(zhì)材料,制作了新型肝素化膜式氧合器組件。采用HFMs管內(nèi)走氣相、管外走液相的方式,以生理鹽水和去離子水代替血液,考察了ECMO組件的氧氣傳輸速率和壓力降等體外性能。ECMO組件具有較理想的氧氣傳輸速率和壓力降,具有良好的氧合效果。在PDMS濃度為5.0%,浸涂次數(shù)為3次,當(dāng)生理鹽水和去離子水的流速為450 ml/min時,氧氣傳輸速率分別為48.6 ml/(min?m2)和46.3 ml/(min?m2),同時壓力降分別為21.2 mmHg和19.5 mmHg。與未加肝素的ECMO組件相比,由肝素化ECMO組件的氧氣傳輸速率略微降低,壓力降略高。肝素的引入對ECMO組件的氧氣傳輸速率和壓力降影響并不大。綜上所述,本研究通過層層自組裝技術(shù)制備中空纖維膜,該方法可以克服傳統(tǒng)制備方法的缺陷,制備工藝簡單、可連續(xù)化生產(chǎn)、性能可控,將為中空纖維膜的工業(yè)制備提供借鑒;同時,制作的新型肝素化膜式氧合器組件,可以減小血漿滲漏,提高其血液相容性,將為膜式人工肺的研究提供新的思路和應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:Hollow fiber membrane (HFMs) is an extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO) of blood and oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange core materials and key components, has stable chemical properties and high effective membrane area, can significantly reduce the membrane volume, play a role in immune defense of the traditional preparation technology.HFMs the main solution spinning, melt spinning and stretching method and thermally induced phase separation method. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency, low manufacturing cost and other advantages. But there are also difficult to control the pore size, pore size distribution is wider, through interception ability, unstable performance, the problem is easy to block pores. Based on this situation, this paper by self-assembly technique (LBL) was prepared and the thickness of surface micro controlled HFMs, using physical embedding method of heparin sodium into the HFMs of heparinized blood compatibility and HFMs The feasibility of the application of ECMO, the innovative results of this research are as follows: 1, the use of vinyl silicone rubber (PDMS) reaction between double bond and hydrogen containing silicone and the preparation technology of the LBL, the thickness and surface micro controlled HFMs, discusses the process parameters of LBL Technology (for example, polymer concentration, curing time, curing time, curing temperature) on the membrane of HFMs film thickness, film strength, influence the performance of surface morphology and gas exchange ability. The results show that, when the crosslinking time and curing time were 5 s, curing temperature range of 50-60 DEG C, the concentration of PDMS was 5%, dipping 3 times, film and oxygen permeability of the best preparation technology of HFMs LBL, and with the increasing numbers of dip coating and film thickness, the oxygen permeability decreased. Therefore, by changing the dipping times to adjust the thickness of the HFMs gain performance, controllable HFMs.2, by physical Entrapping Method to introduce Hep to PDMS cross-linking layer, heparinized crosslinked PDMS membranes were prepared by the contact angle test, dynamic blood clotting test, hemolysis test and platelet adhesion and other means, to explore the hydrophilicity of heparinized PDMS crosslinked membrane and blood compatibility. Compared with crosslinked membrane no heparin, hemolytic heparinized PDMS crosslinked membrane has a smaller rate, less platelet adhesion and high BCI value. The preparation method of heparinized PDMS crosslinked membrane is simple, mild conditions, environmental protection, both to maintain the bioactivity of heparin, and can reduce the interfacial tension between the low surface and blood. To improve the blood compatibility of HFMs.3 with polyurethane plastic pipe as the shell material, LBL prepared HFMs as matrix material, produced a new heparinized membrane oxygenator components. Using HFMs tube air phase, the tubes and the way of the liquid phase of the students Saline and deionized water instead of blood, the effects of ECMO components of the oxygen transfer rate and pressure drop in the performance of.ECMO module with the oxygen transfer rate and pressure drop of the ideal, has good oxygenation effect. When the concentration of PDMS was 5%, dipping 3 times, when saline water and deionized water flow rate 450 ml/min, oxygen transfer rate were 48.6 ml/ (min? M2) and 46.3 ml/ (min? M2), at the same time compared to pressure drop were ECMO 21.2 mmHg and 19.5 mmHg. components with heparin, oxygen transmission rate slightly ECMO components by heparinization reduced pressure drop into heparin slightly higher. The oxygen transfer rate and pressure drop of the ECMO component does not have a significant impact. In summary, this study by self-assembly technique for preparation of hollow fiber membrane, this method can overcome the shortcomings of the traditional preparation method, the preparation process is simple, can be continuous production performance The control will provide reference for industrial preparation of hollow fiber membrane. Meanwhile, the new heparinized membrane oxygenator assembly can reduce plasma leakage and improve blood compatibility, which will provide new ideas and application value for the research of membrane artificial lung.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TQ051.893

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