【摘要】：在野外考察的基礎(chǔ)上,以不同時(shí)期測量和成像的海圖、地形圖和高分辨率遙感影像為數(shù)據(jù)源,綜合使用數(shù)字岸線分析、遙感、地理信息系統(tǒng)等方法,對(duì)近60年來萊州灣東部砂質(zhì)海岸(界河口-刁龍嘴)地貌演變進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明,研究期內(nèi)萊州灣東部岸線遷移和水下岸坡沖淤存在強(qiáng)烈的時(shí)空差異。岸線遷移表現(xiàn)為沖淤進(jìn)退交替發(fā)生,其在時(shí)間過程上具有非線性的顯著特點(diǎn)。1959-2013年,侵蝕岸線所占比例波動(dòng)起伏,具有階段性。侵蝕岸段年均演變速率以1985年為界分成兩個(gè)階段,前期由極大值4.95m/a(1959-1969年)銳減至極小值1.97m/a(1969-1985年),后期由1.97m/a增大到4.43m/a(1985-1998年),之后均處于高強(qiáng)度侵蝕。岸線遷移空間分布的差異性主要表現(xiàn)在4個(gè)岬灣的岸線變遷特征與萊州灣東岸岸線整體變遷并不一致。同時(shí),水下岸坡沖淤條帶大體相間分布,同一岸段1959-1985年和1985-2008年的沖淤演變趨勢基本相反。進(jìn)一步分析表明最近60年來,萊州灣東部砂岸在水庫攔沙、潮上帶工廠化水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖、大型海岸工程等人類活動(dòng)的地貌效應(yīng)共同控制下,發(fā)生了5次岸線淤積前進(jìn)與侵蝕后退以及沖淤速率大小的交替。
[Abstract]:On the basis of field investigation, the methods of digital shoreline analysis, remote sensing, geographic information system and so on are used, which are based on sea charts, topographic maps and high-resolution remote sensing images of different periods. The geomorphologic evolution of sandy coast (boundary estuary-Diao Longzui) in the eastern Laizhou Bay in recent 60 years was studied. The results show that there is a strong spatio-temporal difference in the coastal migration of the eastern Laizhou Bay and the scouring and silting of the underwater shoreline during the study period. Shoreline migration takes place alternately in erosion and deposition, and it has the characteristic of nonlinear in time course. From 1959 to 2013, the proportion of eroded shoreline fluctuated and fluctuated in stages. The average annual evolution rate of the eroded coastal segment is divided into two stages in 1985, and the maximum 4.95m/a (1959-1969) decreases sharply to the minimum 1.97m/a (19691985) in the early stage. At the later stage, 1.97m/a increased to 4.43m/a (1985-1998), followed by high intensity erosion. The difference of the spatial distribution of shoreline migration is mainly manifested in the fact that the characteristics of shoreline vicissitude of the four headlands are not consistent with the overall change of the eastern coast of Laizhou Bay. At the same time, there is an interphase distribution of the scouring and silting strip on the underwater bank slope, and the evolution trend of scouring and silting in the same bank segment from 1959 to 1985 and 1985 to 2008 is basically opposite. Further analysis shows that in the past 60 years, the geomorphologic effects of human activities, such as reservoir sediment retention, industrial aquaculture in the upper tidal zone and large coastal engineering, have been jointly controlled by the sandy banks of the eastern Laizhou Bay. There are 5 times of shoreline deposition advance and erosion retreat as well as the alternation of erosion and deposition rate.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院煙臺(tái)海岸帶研究所;魯東大學(xué)濱海生態(tài)研究院;中國科學(xué)院大學(xué);
【基金】：國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃重點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)項(xiàng)目(2017YFC0505902) “山東省高等學(xué)校優(yōu)勢學(xué)科人才團(tuán)隊(duì)培育計(jì)劃”項(xiàng)目“藍(lán)黃兩區(qū)濱海資源與環(huán)境團(tuán)隊(duì)” 國家自然基金項(xiàng)目(41471005)
【分類號(hào)】：P737.1

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