基于定量遙感粒度反演的萊州灣西—南岸潮灘表層沉積演變
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-20 13:04
【摘要】：黃河三角洲作為全球著名的陸相淤積性弱潮三角洲，最近數(shù)十年來(lái)黃河三角洲地區(qū)的河口、潮灘及地貌變遷非常頻繁，而且隨著黃河三角洲高效生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)被列入我國(guó)國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃區(qū)，，其城市規(guī)劃、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與布局、環(huán)境保護(hù)和資源利用，對(duì)未來(lái)潮灘沉積演變及海岸地貌沖淤趨勢(shì)預(yù)測(cè)的要求變得更高。鑒于前人對(duì)黃河口沉積動(dòng)力過(guò)程、黃河入海懸沙擴(kuò)散、廢棄河口—亞三角洲及若干重要岸段的動(dòng)力、地貌演變已有較多研究。為揭示最近40年尺度上萊州灣西-南岸潮灘表層沉積演變與黃河河口河道變遷、河流入海輸沙數(shù)量變化及海岸沉積動(dòng)力過(guò)程的相互關(guān)系，將萊州灣西-南海岸作為一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的地貌體，基于定量遙感粒度參數(shù)的反演，研究其在數(shù)十年尺度上的潮灘表層沉積演變機(jī)制與演變趨勢(shì)。 通過(guò)對(duì)采集到的238組萊州灣西-南岸潮灘表層沉積物反射率光譜與沉積物樣品以及選取的1973年到2015年之間的12幅Landsat系列遙感影像進(jìn)行一系列的預(yù)處理、測(cè)試分析，選取沉積物樣品測(cè)試結(jié)果中的粘土含量、粉砂含量、砂含量和平均粒徑作為粒度參數(shù)，構(gòu)建其與反射率光譜之間的BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型和支持向量機(jī)模型。通過(guò)對(duì)各模型預(yù)測(cè)值與實(shí)測(cè)值之間的相關(guān)系數(shù)和均方根誤差進(jìn)行比較分析，最終選取支持向量機(jī)模型作為本次研究的最優(yōu)模型�；谶x取的最優(yōu)模型，使用前期經(jīng)過(guò)一系列預(yù)處理的遙感影像對(duì)萊州灣西-南岸潮灘表層沉積物粒度參數(shù)進(jìn)行反演。結(jié)合反演的最終結(jié)果，對(duì)最近40年來(lái)萊州灣西-南岸潮灘表層沉積演變影響因素，演變機(jī)制和演變趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行分析。 通過(guò)對(duì)1973年到2015年萊州灣西-南潮灘表層沉積反演結(jié)果分析表明： 較其他潮灘表層沉積演變不同，最近40年來(lái)萊州灣西-南岸潮灘表層受到黃河河道變遷、黃河口遷移、入海泥沙變化、海洋動(dòng)力條件和人類(lèi)活動(dòng)等一系列因素共同影響和制約，潮灘表層演變沉積演變劇烈。 1973年到1978年，萊州灣西-南岸潮灘表層沉積物粘土含量平均值、粉砂含量平均值和平均粒徑平均值呈增加趨勢(shì)，砂含量呈減小趨勢(shì)；1978年到2015年潮灘表層沉積物粘土含量平均值、粉砂含量平均值和平均粒徑平均值呈減小趨勢(shì)，砂含量呈增加趨勢(shì)。 大體以小清河為界，萊州灣西-南岸潮灘表層沉積演變存在明顯不同。萊州灣西岸潮灘表層沉積演變受黃河河道變遷、河口遷移、入海泥沙變化和海洋動(dòng)力條件的綜合影響，演變過(guò)程極為復(fù)雜；萊州灣南岸潮灘表層沉積演變主要受到沿岸河流輸沙、近岸泥沙在海洋動(dòng)力（潮流，波浪等）條件下發(fā)生的再懸浮、輸運(yùn)搬運(yùn)等一系列作用，演變過(guò)程趨于平穩(wěn)。 1973年到2015年萊州灣西-南岸潮灘表層沉積演變是在黃河入海泥沙總體減小的背景下發(fā)生，受到河口地貌變遷、海岸沉積動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)以及人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的深刻影響。 結(jié)合對(duì)最終反演結(jié)果的分析驗(yàn)證，基于定量遙感粒度參數(shù)反演的萊州灣西-南潮灘表層沉積演變趨勢(shì)基本上與萊州灣西-南岸海灣沉積動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)、河口地貌變遷的變化趨勢(shì)一致。這在一定程度上對(duì)解決歷史沉積樣品缺乏、不連續(xù)和不完整的問(wèn)題，為潮灘表層沉積演變研究以及潮灘沉積、動(dòng)力、地貌演變的動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)提供了一種切實(shí)可行且簡(jiǎn)單便利的方法。
[Abstract]:The Yellow River Delta, as the world's famous continental sedimentation weak tide delta, has been in the Yellow River Delta area in recent decades, and the change of the tidal flat and the landscape is very frequent, and with the Yellow River Delta high-efficiency ecological economic zone being included in the national strategic planning area of our country, its urban planning, The requirements of industrial structure and layout, environmental protection and resource utilization have become more and more high for the development of the future tidal flat and the prediction of the erosion and silting trend of the coastal landforms. In view of the previous research on the process of sedimentary power of the Yellow River estuary, the distribution of the suspended sediment of the Yellow River into the sea, the power of the subdelta of the abandoned estuary and several important land sections, the evolution of the landforms has been studied. in ord to reveal that evolution of the surface of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay in the last 40 years and the change of the river channel in the Yellow River, the change of the number of sediment transport in the sea and the relationship between the process of the coast deposition and the dynamic process, the west-south coast of the Laizhou Bay is taken as a unified geomorphic body. Based on the inversion of the quantitative remote sensing particle size parameter, the evolution mechanism and the evolution trend of the surface sediments of the tidal flat on the scale of several decades have been studied. Through a series of pretreatment, test and analysis of 12 Landsat series remote sensing images between the surface sediment and sediment samples and the selected from 1973 to 2015, the clay contained in the test results of the sediment samples was selected by a series of pretreatment and test. The BP neural network model and the support vector machine model of the BP neural network model and the support vector machine are constructed based on the particle size parameters, the content of the silt, the sand content and the average particle size. Based on the comparison and analysis of the correlation coefficient and the root mean square error between the prediction value and the measured value of each model, the support vector machine model is selected as the optimal model for this study. Based on the selected optimal model, a series of pre-processed remote sensing images were used to reverse the particle size parameters of the surface sediments of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay. The influence factors, the evolution mechanism and the evolution trend of the surface deposition evolution of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay in the last 40 years are compared with the final result of the inversion. Analysis on the inversion results of surface sediments in the West-South tidal flat of the Laizhou Bay from 1973 to 2015 In recent 40 years, the surface of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay is affected by the change of the Yellow River and the migration of the yellow river mouth. The changes of the sea and sediment, the conditions of the ocean power and the human activities have a common influence and restriction, and the surface of the tidal flat is sinking. The product evolution is violent. From 1973 to 1978, the average value of the clay content, the average value of the silt content and the average particle size of the surface sediments of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay are increasing, and the sand content is decreasing; from 1978 to 2015, the surface sediments of the tidal flat The average value of the clay content, the mean value of the silt content and the mean particle size mean value are reduced, and the sand The content is in an increasing trend. It is mainly in the Xiaoqing River as the boundary, and the surface of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay is sunk. The evolution of the surface sediments of the tidal flat in the West Bank of the Laizhou Bay is affected by the change of the Yellow River, the migration of the mouth, the change of the sediment in the sea and the dynamic conditions of the ocean, and the evolution process is very complicated, and the surface of the surface of the tidal flat on the south bank of the Laizhou Bay has evolved. To be subject to a series of functions, such as re-suspension, transport and transportation, which occur under the conditions of marine power (tidal current, wave, etc.) under the condition of marine power (tidal current, wave, etc.) The evolution of the surface of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay from 1973 to 2015 is taken place in the background of the overall reduction of the sediment in the Yellow River. Based on the analysis and verification of the result of the final inversion, the evolution trend of the surface layer deposition of the west-south tidal flat of the Laizhou Bay based on the quantitative remote sensing particle size parameter is basically the same as that of the western-south bank of the Laizhou Bay. The change trend of the estuarine and geomorphic changes is consistent. This is to a certain extent the problem of the lack, continuity and incompleteness of the historical sedimentary samples, and provides a dynamic monitoring for the formation and evolution of the surface of the tidal flat and the dynamic monitoring of the evolution of the tidal flat, the power and the landforms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P737.1
本文編號(hào)：2388036
[Abstract]:The Yellow River Delta, as the world's famous continental sedimentation weak tide delta, has been in the Yellow River Delta area in recent decades, and the change of the tidal flat and the landscape is very frequent, and with the Yellow River Delta high-efficiency ecological economic zone being included in the national strategic planning area of our country, its urban planning, The requirements of industrial structure and layout, environmental protection and resource utilization have become more and more high for the development of the future tidal flat and the prediction of the erosion and silting trend of the coastal landforms. In view of the previous research on the process of sedimentary power of the Yellow River estuary, the distribution of the suspended sediment of the Yellow River into the sea, the power of the subdelta of the abandoned estuary and several important land sections, the evolution of the landforms has been studied. in ord to reveal that evolution of the surface of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay in the last 40 years and the change of the river channel in the Yellow River, the change of the number of sediment transport in the sea and the relationship between the process of the coast deposition and the dynamic process, the west-south coast of the Laizhou Bay is taken as a unified geomorphic body. Based on the inversion of the quantitative remote sensing particle size parameter, the evolution mechanism and the evolution trend of the surface sediments of the tidal flat on the scale of several decades have been studied. Through a series of pretreatment, test and analysis of 12 Landsat series remote sensing images between the surface sediment and sediment samples and the selected from 1973 to 2015, the clay contained in the test results of the sediment samples was selected by a series of pretreatment and test. The BP neural network model and the support vector machine model of the BP neural network model and the support vector machine are constructed based on the particle size parameters, the content of the silt, the sand content and the average particle size. Based on the comparison and analysis of the correlation coefficient and the root mean square error between the prediction value and the measured value of each model, the support vector machine model is selected as the optimal model for this study. Based on the selected optimal model, a series of pre-processed remote sensing images were used to reverse the particle size parameters of the surface sediments of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay. The influence factors, the evolution mechanism and the evolution trend of the surface deposition evolution of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay in the last 40 years are compared with the final result of the inversion. Analysis on the inversion results of surface sediments in the West-South tidal flat of the Laizhou Bay from 1973 to 2015 In recent 40 years, the surface of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay is affected by the change of the Yellow River and the migration of the yellow river mouth. The changes of the sea and sediment, the conditions of the ocean power and the human activities have a common influence and restriction, and the surface of the tidal flat is sinking. The product evolution is violent. From 1973 to 1978, the average value of the clay content, the average value of the silt content and the average particle size of the surface sediments of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay are increasing, and the sand content is decreasing; from 1978 to 2015, the surface sediments of the tidal flat The average value of the clay content, the mean value of the silt content and the mean particle size mean value are reduced, and the sand The content is in an increasing trend. It is mainly in the Xiaoqing River as the boundary, and the surface of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay is sunk. The evolution of the surface sediments of the tidal flat in the West Bank of the Laizhou Bay is affected by the change of the Yellow River, the migration of the mouth, the change of the sediment in the sea and the dynamic conditions of the ocean, and the evolution process is very complicated, and the surface of the surface of the tidal flat on the south bank of the Laizhou Bay has evolved. To be subject to a series of functions, such as re-suspension, transport and transportation, which occur under the conditions of marine power (tidal current, wave, etc.) under the condition of marine power (tidal current, wave, etc.) The evolution of the surface of the tidal flat in the west-south bank of the Laizhou Bay from 1973 to 2015 is taken place in the background of the overall reduction of the sediment in the Yellow River. Based on the analysis and verification of the result of the final inversion, the evolution trend of the surface layer deposition of the west-south tidal flat of the Laizhou Bay based on the quantitative remote sensing particle size parameter is basically the same as that of the western-south bank of the Laizhou Bay. The change trend of the estuarine and geomorphic changes is consistent. This is to a certain extent the problem of the lack, continuity and incompleteness of the historical sedimentary samples, and provides a dynamic monitoring for the formation and evolution of the surface of the tidal flat and the dynamic monitoring of the evolution of the tidal flat, the power and the landforms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P737.1
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