基于探地雷達(dá)圖像的臺(tái)灣海峽西岸海岸風(fēng)沙沉積構(gòu)造與沉積環(huán)境
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-27 21:21
【摘要】：選取臺(tái)灣海峽西岸海岸風(fēng)沙沉積為研究對(duì)象,以探地雷達(dá)為主要研究手段,在系統(tǒng)分析海岸風(fēng)沙沉積理化性質(zhì)、探地雷達(dá)參數(shù)設(shè)置、圖像處理對(duì)探測結(jié)果的影響的基礎(chǔ)上,無損探測了臺(tái)灣海峽西岸常見的海岸沙席、拋物線沙丘、斜向沙脊、新月形沙丘以及海岸前丘等多種類型海岸風(fēng)沙的內(nèi)部構(gòu)造,借助圖像處理軟件對(duì)探測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行二維和三維可視化處理,獲取了較大范圍的、連續(xù)的、立體的、較大深度的海岸風(fēng)沙沉積構(gòu)造信息,并歸納總結(jié)了其理想沉積構(gòu)造模式及其所反映的沉積環(huán)境。初步研究結(jié)果表明：(1)海岸風(fēng)沙沉積的粒度、含水量、鹽度等理化性質(zhì),不同的天線頻率,以及室內(nèi)數(shù)字濾波、增益調(diào)適等圖像處理環(huán)節(jié),均會(huì)對(duì)探地雷達(dá)的探測結(jié)果產(chǎn)生影響。探地雷達(dá)是探測低鹽度、無喬木植被的海岸風(fēng)沙沉積構(gòu)造的良好手段。雷達(dá)波遭遇海洋鹽水信號(hào)會(huì)發(fā)生強(qiáng)烈衰減,因此探地雷達(dá)不太適合探測海灘的沉積構(gòu)造。(2)臺(tái)灣海峽西岸的海岸風(fēng)沙沉積在早期潮間帶波浪作用下的海灘沉積的基礎(chǔ)之上發(fā)育而來。海灘沉積以波狀交錯(cuò)層理和水平層理為主,海岸風(fēng)沙沉積構(gòu)造類型多樣,廣泛發(fā)育水平層理、低角度交錯(cuò)層理、高角度交錯(cuò)層理以及槽狀交錯(cuò)層理等層理類型。不同類型的海岸風(fēng)沙沉積具有各自不同的沉積構(gòu)造模式,對(duì)沉積環(huán)境具有一定的指示意義。海岸沙席的沉積構(gòu)造單一,無論是在平行盛行風(fēng)向還是垂直盛行風(fēng)向均表現(xiàn)為水平層理,這是在風(fēng)力的作用下風(fēng)沙在平坦開闊的地表成層沉積的結(jié)果。(3)風(fēng)影沙丘的沉積構(gòu)造較為復(fù)雜,迎風(fēng)坡為傾向上風(fēng)方向(NE)的交錯(cuò)層理,背風(fēng)坡為傾向下風(fēng)方向(SW)的前積層,垂直盛行風(fēng)向發(fā)育高角度傾向相背的交錯(cuò)層理。斜向沙脊平行盛行風(fēng)向?yàn)樗綄永砘虻徒嵌染弮A斜的斜層理,垂直盛行風(fēng)向發(fā)育傾向相背的交錯(cuò)層理,頂部層理傾角較小。這種廣泛發(fā)育的傾向相背的大角度交錯(cuò)層理,反映了研究區(qū)海岸帶豐富的沙源、加積型沙丘表面、寬廣低平的海灘和植被不斷擴(kuò)張的進(jìn)積海岸沉積環(huán)境特征。(4)新月形沙丘和拋物線沙丘頂部為水平層理構(gòu)成的頂積層,頂積層之下平行盛行風(fēng)向和垂直盛行風(fēng)向的層理類型大不相同。新月形沙丘垂直盛行風(fēng)向?yàn)樗綄永?平行盛行風(fēng)向?yàn)閮A向下風(fēng)方向(SW)的前積層,層理傾角大,接近或達(dá)到干砂休止角。拋物線沙丘垂直盛行風(fēng)向?yàn)樗綄永?平行盛行風(fēng)向?yàn)閮A向下風(fēng)方向(SW)的前積層,層理傾角較新月形沙丘小且略顯下凹(弧頂上凸),可能由于落沙坡(背風(fēng)坡)有朝下凹的形狀,這是拋物線沙丘特有的交錯(cuò)層理。新月形沙丘和拋物線沙丘前積層的傾向表明東北風(fēng)為臺(tái)灣海峽西岸的優(yōu)勢風(fēng),展現(xiàn)了海岸沙丘在東北風(fēng)的作用下不斷向西南方向前進(jìn)的變化過程。(5)臺(tái)灣海峽西岸南北方向相同類型海岸沙丘的形態(tài)和內(nèi)部構(gòu)造略有不同,主要表現(xiàn)在：北部拋物線沙丘的開口方向?yàn)镹NE,前積層傾向SSW,南部拋物線沙丘的開口方向?yàn)镹E,前積層傾向SW；北部斜向沙脊和風(fēng)影沙丘的長軸走向?yàn)镹NE-SSW,前積層傾向SSW；南部斜向沙脊的長軸走向?yàn)镹E-SW,前積層傾向SW,即存在自北向南順轉(zhuǎn)的特點(diǎn),這與臺(tái)灣海峽西岸主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向的空間變化特點(diǎn)一致。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the sand and sand, the parameter setting of the ground and the influence of the image processing on the detection result, The non-destructive exploration of the common coastal sand table, the parabolic dune, the oblique sand ridge, the crescent-shaped sand dune and the coastal front mound in the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait, and the two-dimensional and three-dimensional visualization of the detection data with the aid of the image processing software, In this paper, a large-range, continuous, three-dimensional and large-depth coastal wind-sand deposition structure is obtained, and its ideal sedimentary structure model and its sedimentary environment are summarized. The results show that: (1) The particle size, water content, salinity and other physical and chemical properties, different antenna frequencies, and the indoor digital filtering, gain adjustment and other image processing links of the coastal wind-sand deposit will have an impact on the detection results of the ground-sounding radar. The sounding radar is a good means to detect the sedimentary structure of the coastal aeolian sand with low salinity and no tree vegetation. The radar wave encounters a strong attenuation of the marine brine signal, so the ground-ground radar is not too suitable to detect the sedimentary structure of the beach. (2) The coastal aeolian sand deposition in the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait is developed on the basis of the beach deposition under the wave action of the early intertidal zone. The beach is mainly composed of wave-wave cross-bedding and horizontal bedding, and the type of sand-sand deposition in the coast is diverse, with wide development of horizontal bedding, low-angle cross bedding, high-angle cross bedding, and channel-like cross bedding and other bedding types. Different types of coastal aeolian deposits have different sedimentary structure modes, and have a certain meaning to the sedimentary environment. The sedimentary structure of the coastal sand mat is single, both in the parallel prevailing wind direction or the vertical prevailing wind direction, which is the horizontal bedding, which is the result of the wind and wind under the action of the wind under the flat and open surface. (3) The sedimentary structure of the wind-shadow dune is complicated, the upwind slope is the cross bedding with the tendency of the upper wind direction (NE), the back wind slope is the front product layer with the tendency of the lower wind direction (SW), and the vertical prevailing wind direction is developed with the cross bedding with high angle tendency. The parallel prevailing wind direction of the oblique sand ridge is the horizontal bedding or the low-angle gentle inclined bedding, the vertical prevailing wind direction development tendency is the cross bedding, the top bedding inclination angle is small. The large-angle cross-bedding of this kind of extensive development reflects the rich sand-source in the research area, the surface of the plus-product-type dune, the wide and low-level beach and the growing of the sedimentary environment. (4) The top of the crescent-shaped sand dune and the top of the parabolic dune is the top-product layer of the horizontal bedding, the parallel prevailing wind direction under the top-product layer and the bedding type of the vertical prevailing wind direction are very different. The vertical prevailing wind direction of the crescent-shaped sand dune is horizontal bedding, and the parallel prevailing wind direction is the front product layer of the downwind direction (SW), with the bedding inclination angle being large, close to or reaching the dry sand rest angle. The vertical prevailing wind direction of the parabolic dune is horizontal bedding, and the parallel prevailing wind direction is the front product layer of the downwind direction (SW). The bedding inclination angle is smaller than the crescent-shaped sand dune and is slightly concave (convex on the arc top). It is possible to have a concave shape due to the sand falling slope (the back wind slope). This is the unique cross bedding of the parabolic dune. The tendency of the crescent-shaped sand dunes and the front-product layer of the parabolic dune indicates that the northeast wind is the dominant wind in the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait, and shows the changing process of the coastal sand dunes to the south to the south in the south-east wind. (5) The shape and internal structure of the same type of coastal sand dunes in the west bank of the Taiwan Strait are slightly different, mainly including: the opening direction of the parabolic dune in the north is NNE, the front product layer is inclined to SSW, the opening direction of the southern parabolic dune is NE, and the front product layer tends to be SW; The long axis of the north oblique sand ridge and the wind-shadow dune is NNE-SSW, the front product layer is inclined to SSW, the long axis of the south oblique sand ridge goes to the NE-SW, and the front product layer tends to be SW, that is, it is the characteristic of the north to south, which is consistent with the spatial change characteristics of the main wind direction in the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P736.21;P737.1
本文編號(hào)：2362069
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the sand and sand, the parameter setting of the ground and the influence of the image processing on the detection result, The non-destructive exploration of the common coastal sand table, the parabolic dune, the oblique sand ridge, the crescent-shaped sand dune and the coastal front mound in the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait, and the two-dimensional and three-dimensional visualization of the detection data with the aid of the image processing software, In this paper, a large-range, continuous, three-dimensional and large-depth coastal wind-sand deposition structure is obtained, and its ideal sedimentary structure model and its sedimentary environment are summarized. The results show that: (1) The particle size, water content, salinity and other physical and chemical properties, different antenna frequencies, and the indoor digital filtering, gain adjustment and other image processing links of the coastal wind-sand deposit will have an impact on the detection results of the ground-sounding radar. The sounding radar is a good means to detect the sedimentary structure of the coastal aeolian sand with low salinity and no tree vegetation. The radar wave encounters a strong attenuation of the marine brine signal, so the ground-ground radar is not too suitable to detect the sedimentary structure of the beach. (2) The coastal aeolian sand deposition in the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait is developed on the basis of the beach deposition under the wave action of the early intertidal zone. The beach is mainly composed of wave-wave cross-bedding and horizontal bedding, and the type of sand-sand deposition in the coast is diverse, with wide development of horizontal bedding, low-angle cross bedding, high-angle cross bedding, and channel-like cross bedding and other bedding types. Different types of coastal aeolian deposits have different sedimentary structure modes, and have a certain meaning to the sedimentary environment. The sedimentary structure of the coastal sand mat is single, both in the parallel prevailing wind direction or the vertical prevailing wind direction, which is the horizontal bedding, which is the result of the wind and wind under the action of the wind under the flat and open surface. (3) The sedimentary structure of the wind-shadow dune is complicated, the upwind slope is the cross bedding with the tendency of the upper wind direction (NE), the back wind slope is the front product layer with the tendency of the lower wind direction (SW), and the vertical prevailing wind direction is developed with the cross bedding with high angle tendency. The parallel prevailing wind direction of the oblique sand ridge is the horizontal bedding or the low-angle gentle inclined bedding, the vertical prevailing wind direction development tendency is the cross bedding, the top bedding inclination angle is small. The large-angle cross-bedding of this kind of extensive development reflects the rich sand-source in the research area, the surface of the plus-product-type dune, the wide and low-level beach and the growing of the sedimentary environment. (4) The top of the crescent-shaped sand dune and the top of the parabolic dune is the top-product layer of the horizontal bedding, the parallel prevailing wind direction under the top-product layer and the bedding type of the vertical prevailing wind direction are very different. The vertical prevailing wind direction of the crescent-shaped sand dune is horizontal bedding, and the parallel prevailing wind direction is the front product layer of the downwind direction (SW), with the bedding inclination angle being large, close to or reaching the dry sand rest angle. The vertical prevailing wind direction of the parabolic dune is horizontal bedding, and the parallel prevailing wind direction is the front product layer of the downwind direction (SW). The bedding inclination angle is smaller than the crescent-shaped sand dune and is slightly concave (convex on the arc top). It is possible to have a concave shape due to the sand falling slope (the back wind slope). This is the unique cross bedding of the parabolic dune. The tendency of the crescent-shaped sand dunes and the front-product layer of the parabolic dune indicates that the northeast wind is the dominant wind in the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait, and shows the changing process of the coastal sand dunes to the south to the south in the south-east wind. (5) The shape and internal structure of the same type of coastal sand dunes in the west bank of the Taiwan Strait are slightly different, mainly including: the opening direction of the parabolic dune in the north is NNE, the front product layer is inclined to SSW, the opening direction of the southern parabolic dune is NE, and the front product layer tends to be SW; The long axis of the north oblique sand ridge and the wind-shadow dune is NNE-SSW, the front product layer is inclined to SSW, the long axis of the south oblique sand ridge goes to the NE-SW, and the front product layer tends to be SW, that is, it is the characteristic of the north to south, which is consistent with the spatial change characteristics of the main wind direction in the West Bank of the Taiwan Strait.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P736.21;P737.1
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
中國期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前10條
1 李波;趙希濤;;江蘇阜寧西園剖面全新世風(fēng)暴控制相的沉積構(gòu)造與沉積構(gòu)造相[J];中國科學(xué)院研究生院學(xué)報(bào);1991年02期
2 梅冥相;高金漢;孟慶芬;;從席底構(gòu)造到第五類原生沉積構(gòu)造:沉積學(xué)中具有重要意義的概念[J];現(xiàn)代地質(zhì);2006年03期
3 陳昌明,汪壽松,梁瑞仁,Van Gelder,A.;沿萊茵—馬斯河下游從河控到潮控體系不同亞環(huán)境內(nèi)的沉積構(gòu)造特征[J];沉積學(xué)報(bào);1986年04期
4 于聯(lián)生;現(xiàn)代沉積構(gòu)造的水動(dòng)力解析嘗試——潮流沉積一例[J];沉積學(xué)報(bào);1988年02期
5 鐘建華;;邵東保和堂大冶灰?guī)r沉積構(gòu)造特征[J];湖南地質(zhì);1991年01期
6 李廣雪,薛春汀;黃河三角洲的生物逃逸沉積構(gòu)造[J];沉積學(xué)報(bào);1992年02期
7 謝宏;;應(yīng)用鈰異常示蹤沉積構(gòu)造環(huán)境——以貴州銅仁壩黃磷礦為例[J];地質(zhì)與資源;2012年04期
8 劉海娟;劉漢斌;;淺談沉積構(gòu)造在古流向分析中的應(yīng)用[J];中國西部科技;2013年09期
9 楊吉根;;清江盆地沉積構(gòu)造分類及其特征分析[J];華東地質(zhì)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);1988年03期
10 姜在興,鮮本忠,胡書毅,邢煥清,宋修憲;黃河三角洲的冰融沉積構(gòu)造及其研究意義[J];現(xiàn)代地質(zhì);2004年03期
中國重要會(huì)議論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前1條
1 黃雷;劉池洋;趙俊鋒;房建軍;毛光周;;陜北神木地區(qū)燒變巖稀土元素地球化學(xué)特征研究[A];安全高效煤礦地質(zhì)保障技術(shù)及應(yīng)用——中國地質(zhì)學(xué)會(huì)、中國煤炭學(xué)會(huì)煤田地質(zhì)專業(yè)委員會(huì)、中國煤炭工業(yè)勞動(dòng)保護(hù)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)會(huì)水害防治專業(yè)委員會(huì)學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)文集[C];2007年
中國重要報(bào)紙全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前4條
1 徐冰;中科院海洋所發(fā)現(xiàn)新沉積構(gòu)造形式[N];中國國土資源報(bào);2009年
2 李瑋燕;航天科工慣性公司無線隨鉆系統(tǒng)首試圓滿成功[N];中國航天報(bào);2010年
3 本報(bào)記者 周強(qiáng) 本報(bào)通訊員 王小偉 于素紅;重生的“金鳳凰”[N];地質(zhì)勘查導(dǎo)報(bào);2010年
4 齊穎;地質(zhì)天書 幽谷奇觀[N];中國國土資源報(bào);2008年
中國博士學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前1條
1 邢智峰;豫西中元古界云夢山組微生物成因沉積構(gòu)造研究[D];河南理工大學(xué);2010年
中國碩士學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前3條
1 鄧濤;基于探地雷達(dá)圖像的臺(tái)灣海峽西岸海岸風(fēng)沙沉積構(gòu)造與沉積環(huán)境[D];福建師范大學(xué);2016年
2 孫曉嶺;從脫氣和脫水作用探討前寒武紀(jì)一些特殊沉積構(gòu)造的形成[D];中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）;2010年
3 許家姝;漠河盆地重磁場特征與沉積構(gòu)造研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2007年
，本文編號(hào)：2362069
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/haiyang/2362069.html
最近更新
教材專著
