基于支持向量機(jī)的近海富營養(yǎng)化快速評價模型的建立
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-16 14:22
【摘要】：近年來，全球近海富營養(yǎng)化現(xiàn)象凸顯，我國擁有世界上最大的陸架邊緣海，粗放式經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式造成我國近海富營養(yǎng)化現(xiàn)象尤為嚴(yán)重，，成為世界上近海富營養(yǎng)化最為嚴(yán)重的國家之一。我國近海富營養(yǎng)化的評價大多采用第一代富營養(yǎng)化評價模型，第一代富營養(yǎng)化評價模型所用參數(shù)的分析與檢測周期長、工作量大，并且需要專業(yè)的儀器、專業(yè)的人員，不能實現(xiàn)對近海海域富營養(yǎng)化的快速監(jiān)測和評價，而第二代富營養(yǎng)化評價模型并不完全適用于我國近海富營養(yǎng)化評價，且需要大量長期的調(diào)查資料作為支撐，所以極需發(fā)展一種可以對富營養(yǎng)化水體進(jìn)行快速評價的方法體系。 本文以支持向量機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)，用CDOM三維熒光組分、紫外吸收以及DO、Chla、濁度等現(xiàn)場可快速監(jiān)測的水化因子替代DIN、DIP、COD等常規(guī)富營養(yǎng)化評價參數(shù)，建立新型快速的富營養(yǎng)化評價模型，并成功的運用此模型對東海海域的富營養(yǎng)化狀況進(jìn)行了評估。主要的研究成果如下： （1）利用第一代富營養(yǎng)化評價方法中的NQI方法對我國渤海、黃海和東海海域進(jìn)行富營養(yǎng)化特征評價，發(fā)現(xiàn)我國東海的富營養(yǎng)化現(xiàn)象比較突出，其次是渤海、黃海，并在NQI的基礎(chǔ)上對渤海、黃海以及東海富營養(yǎng)化的主要貢獻(xiàn)因子進(jìn)行分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)渤海富營養(yǎng)化的主要貢獻(xiàn)因子為DIN、COD，黃海的主要貢獻(xiàn)因子為COD、DIN、DIP，東海海域富營養(yǎng)化的主要貢獻(xiàn)因子為DIN、COD。將各海域富營養(yǎng)化的主要貢獻(xiàn)因子與三維熒光組分以及在波長為220nm、254nm、270nm、350nm的紫外吸收數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行多元相關(guān)性分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)各海區(qū)富營養(yǎng)化的主要貢獻(xiàn)因子與快速評價參數(shù)具有顯著的相關(guān)性，為快速評價模型的建立提供了重要的依據(jù)。 （2）以支持向量機(jī)為載體，用CDOM三維熒光組分、在波長為220nm、254nm、270nm、350nm下的紫外吸收數(shù)據(jù)以及Chla替代NQI方法中的DIN、DIP、COD建立了我國近海富營養(yǎng)化快速評價模型，支持向量機(jī)近海富營養(yǎng)化快速評價模型主要是利用在MATLAB平臺下的LIBSVM來實現(xiàn)，通過支持向量機(jī)建立的近海富營養(yǎng)化的快速評價模型與NQI、E值、模糊綜合評價進(jìn)行對比，發(fā)現(xiàn)以NQI和模糊綜合評價作為參照的交叉驗證分類準(zhǔn)確率都在90%以上，以E值為參照的交叉驗證的分類準(zhǔn)確率分別在70%左右，并且交叉驗證平均分類準(zhǔn)確率并沒有隨著訓(xùn)練集數(shù)目的增加而增加，而是基本穩(wěn)定在一個區(qū)間。選取以NQI為參照的163個訓(xùn)練集樣本建立支持向量機(jī)近海富營養(yǎng)化快速評價模型，并得出了快速評價模型的判別函數(shù)。 （3）根據(jù)支持向量機(jī)所建立的富營養(yǎng)化快速評價模型對東海海域的富營養(yǎng)化狀況進(jìn)行評價，評價結(jié)果與模糊綜合評價模型的評價結(jié)果以及前人對長江口富營養(yǎng)化的評估結(jié)果相類似，并對評價結(jié)果中出現(xiàn)的異常區(qū)域進(jìn)行了分析，因此，建立在支持向量機(jī)基礎(chǔ)上的近海富營養(yǎng)化評價模型在東海海區(qū)的富營養(yǎng)化評價中的應(yīng)用結(jié)果是合理的。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the phenomenon of global offshore eutrophication has been highlighted. China has the largest marginal sea in the world, and the extensive economic development model has caused the phenomenon of eutrophication in China's coastal waters to be especially serious. It has become one of the most serious eutrophication countries in the world. The first generation eutrophication evaluation model is mostly used in the evaluation of offshore eutrophication in China. The analysis and detection period of the parameters used in the first generation eutrophication evaluation model is long, the workload is large, and professional instruments and personnel are needed. The rapid monitoring and evaluation of eutrophication in offshore waters can not be realized. However, the second-generation eutrophication evaluation model is not fully applicable to the evaluation of eutrophication in coastal waters of China, and it needs a lot of long-term investigation data as the support. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a rapid evaluation method system for eutrophication water. Based on support vector machine (SVM), the hydration factors such as CDOM 3D fluorescence components, UV absorption and DO,Chla, turbidity were used to replace the conventional eutrophication evaluation parameters such as DIN,DIP,COD. A new rapid eutrophication evaluation model was established and successfully used to evaluate eutrophication in the East China Sea. The main research results are as follows: (1) the eutrophication characteristics of the Bohai Sea, Huang Hai and the East China Sea are evaluated by using the NQI method of the first generation eutrophication evaluation method, and it is found that the eutrophication phenomenon in the East China Sea is quite prominent. The second is Bohai Sea, Huang Hai, and on the basis of NQI, the main contribution factors of Bohai Sea, Huang Hai and East China Sea eutrophication are analyzed. It is found that the main contribution factor of Bohai Sea eutrophication is that of DIN,COD, Huang Hai, and that of COD,DIN, is the main contribution factor of Bohai Sea eutrophication. The main contributing factor of eutrophication in DIP, East China Sea is DIN,COD.. The main contribution factors of eutrophication in each sea area were analyzed by multivariate correlation analysis with three dimensional fluorescence components and UV absorption data at wavelength of 224 nm ~ 254 nm ~ 350 nm. It is found that the main contribution factors of eutrophication in each sea area are significantly correlated with the rapid evaluation parameters, which provides an important basis for the establishment of rapid evaluation model. (2) based on the support vector machine (SVM), the rapid evaluation model of eutrophication in offshore China was established by using CDOM three-dimensional fluorescence component, UV absorption data at wavelength of 220nmmO254nmmP270nm 350nm and Chla replacing DIN,DIP,COD in NQI method. The fast evaluation model of offshore eutrophication based on support vector machine (SVM) is mainly realized by LIBSVM based on MATLAB platform. The fast evaluation model of offshore eutrophication established by support vector machine is compared with NQI,E value and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. It is found that the accuracy of cross-validation classification based on NQI and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is more than 90%, and that of cross-validation with E value as reference is about 70%, respectively. And the average classification accuracy of cross-validation does not increase with the increase of the number of training sets, but is basically stable in an interval. A fast evaluation model of offshore eutrophication based on support vector machine (SVM) was established with 163 training set samples with reference to NQI, and the discriminant function of the fast evaluation model was obtained. (3) based on the rapid eutrophication evaluation model established by support vector machine, the eutrophication in the East China Sea is evaluated. The evaluation results are similar to those of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and the results of the predecessors' assessment of eutrophication in the Yangtze Estuary, and the abnormal areas in the evaluation results are analyzed. The application of the offshore eutrophication evaluation model based on support vector machine in the eutrophication evaluation of the East China Sea is reasonable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P734.44;X55;X824
本文編號：2335754
[Abstract]:In recent years, the phenomenon of global offshore eutrophication has been highlighted. China has the largest marginal sea in the world, and the extensive economic development model has caused the phenomenon of eutrophication in China's coastal waters to be especially serious. It has become one of the most serious eutrophication countries in the world. The first generation eutrophication evaluation model is mostly used in the evaluation of offshore eutrophication in China. The analysis and detection period of the parameters used in the first generation eutrophication evaluation model is long, the workload is large, and professional instruments and personnel are needed. The rapid monitoring and evaluation of eutrophication in offshore waters can not be realized. However, the second-generation eutrophication evaluation model is not fully applicable to the evaluation of eutrophication in coastal waters of China, and it needs a lot of long-term investigation data as the support. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a rapid evaluation method system for eutrophication water. Based on support vector machine (SVM), the hydration factors such as CDOM 3D fluorescence components, UV absorption and DO,Chla, turbidity were used to replace the conventional eutrophication evaluation parameters such as DIN,DIP,COD. A new rapid eutrophication evaluation model was established and successfully used to evaluate eutrophication in the East China Sea. The main research results are as follows: (1) the eutrophication characteristics of the Bohai Sea, Huang Hai and the East China Sea are evaluated by using the NQI method of the first generation eutrophication evaluation method, and it is found that the eutrophication phenomenon in the East China Sea is quite prominent. The second is Bohai Sea, Huang Hai, and on the basis of NQI, the main contribution factors of Bohai Sea, Huang Hai and East China Sea eutrophication are analyzed. It is found that the main contribution factor of Bohai Sea eutrophication is that of DIN,COD, Huang Hai, and that of COD,DIN, is the main contribution factor of Bohai Sea eutrophication. The main contributing factor of eutrophication in DIP, East China Sea is DIN,COD.. The main contribution factors of eutrophication in each sea area were analyzed by multivariate correlation analysis with three dimensional fluorescence components and UV absorption data at wavelength of 224 nm ~ 254 nm ~ 350 nm. It is found that the main contribution factors of eutrophication in each sea area are significantly correlated with the rapid evaluation parameters, which provides an important basis for the establishment of rapid evaluation model. (2) based on the support vector machine (SVM), the rapid evaluation model of eutrophication in offshore China was established by using CDOM three-dimensional fluorescence component, UV absorption data at wavelength of 220nmmO254nmmP270nm 350nm and Chla replacing DIN,DIP,COD in NQI method. The fast evaluation model of offshore eutrophication based on support vector machine (SVM) is mainly realized by LIBSVM based on MATLAB platform. The fast evaluation model of offshore eutrophication established by support vector machine is compared with NQI,E value and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. It is found that the accuracy of cross-validation classification based on NQI and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is more than 90%, and that of cross-validation with E value as reference is about 70%, respectively. And the average classification accuracy of cross-validation does not increase with the increase of the number of training sets, but is basically stable in an interval. A fast evaluation model of offshore eutrophication based on support vector machine (SVM) was established with 163 training set samples with reference to NQI, and the discriminant function of the fast evaluation model was obtained. (3) based on the rapid eutrophication evaluation model established by support vector machine, the eutrophication in the East China Sea is evaluated. The evaluation results are similar to those of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model and the results of the predecessors' assessment of eutrophication in the Yangtze Estuary, and the abnormal areas in the evaluation results are analyzed. The application of the offshore eutrophication evaluation model based on support vector machine in the eutrophication evaluation of the East China Sea is reasonable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P734.44;X55;X824
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