【摘要】：目前世界能源形勢日趨嚴峻，深海油氣資源的開發(fā)受到了石油界廣泛的關(guān)注。隨著海洋油氣勘探開發(fā)的深水化發(fā)展，導(dǎo)管架平臺由十幾米水深發(fā)展到五百米水深，桿件的長度大大增加。在導(dǎo)管架的建造過程中，當(dāng)一定速度的風(fēng)流經(jīng)桿件時會發(fā)生風(fēng)致渦激振動現(xiàn)象，頻繁的風(fēng)致振動將會導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)管架桿件疲勞破壞出現(xiàn)裂紋，降低制造質(zhì)量和精度，極大地影響到了導(dǎo)管架結(jié)構(gòu)的安全生產(chǎn)和使用壽命。因此，研究導(dǎo)管架桿件渦激振動控制方法及其實用的裝置具有重要的理論與實際應(yīng)用價值。 本文首先闡述了圓柱繞流和渦激振動的機理，分析影響導(dǎo)管架平臺桿件渦激振動的因素。采用Navier-Stokes方程作為不可壓縮粘性流體的控制方程，在低雷諾數(shù)下建立了導(dǎo)管架桿件繞流問題的三維數(shù)值模型，，對未安裝減振裝置的導(dǎo)管架繞流流場進行了模擬，將計算得出的升力系數(shù)、阻力系數(shù)、渦旋脫落頻率和斯托哈爾數(shù)與文獻結(jié)果對比，驗證模型的有效性，并為后面評定減振裝置的效果奠定了基礎(chǔ)。然后對安裝減振裝置的導(dǎo)管架流場在同一雷諾數(shù)下進行了數(shù)值模擬，與未安裝減振裝置的導(dǎo)管架流場的計算結(jié)果進行對比分析。觀察安裝減振裝置前后導(dǎo)管架繞流流場的速度場、壓力場、流線及渦量場等流動特性的變化，計算其減振、減阻效果并分析其機理，重點研究了減振裝置對導(dǎo)管架受力情況和流場三維方向產(chǎn)生的影響。改變減振裝置的位置，數(shù)量及排列方式，比較安裝不同數(shù)量及位置的減振裝置對導(dǎo)管架渦激振動的控制效應(yīng)，通過綜合考慮給出最佳安裝方案，為指導(dǎo)實際工程提出依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:At present, the world energy situation is becoming more and more serious, and the exploitation of deep-sea oil and gas resources has been widely concerned by the petroleum industry. With the development of deepwater exploration and development of offshore oil and gas, the jacket platform has been developed from a depth of more than ten meters to a depth of 500 meters, and the length of the rod has been greatly increased. During the construction of the jacket, the wind-induced vortex-induced vibration will occur when the wind flow of a certain speed passes through the bar. Frequent wind-induced vibration will lead to the fatigue failure of the jacket bar and reduce the manufacturing quality and precision. It greatly affects the safety production and service life of jacket structure. Therefore, it has important theoretical and practical application value to study the control method of vortex vibration of jacket bar and its practical device. In this paper, the mechanism of the flow around a cylinder and the vortex-induced vibration is described, and the factors affecting the vortex-induced vibration of the jacket platform are analyzed. Using the Navier-Stokes equation as the governing equation of incompressible viscous fluid, a three-dimensional numerical model of the flow around the jacket rod is established at low Reynolds number. The flow field around the jacket without vibration absorber is simulated. The calculated lift coefficient, drag coefficient, vortex shedding frequency and Stohar number are compared with the results of literature to verify the validity of the model and lay a foundation for evaluating the effect of vibration absorber. Then numerical simulation of the jacket flow field with the same Reynolds number is carried out, and the results are compared with the results of the jacket flow field without the vibration absorber. The changes of velocity field, pressure field, streamline and vorticity field around the jacket before and after the installation of vibration absorber are observed, the effect of damping and drag reduction are calculated and the mechanism is analyzed. The influence of vibration absorber on the stress of jacket and the three-dimensional direction of flow field is studied. By changing the position, quantity and arrangement of the vibration absorber, comparing the control effect of the vibration absorber with different number and position on the vortex vibration of the jacket, the optimal installation scheme is given through comprehensive consideration, and the basis for guiding the practical project is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P751

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