發(fā)布時間：2018-10-18 11:50

【摘要】：在21世紀(jì)中，潮流能必定是能源消費結(jié)構(gòu)的重要組成部分，是一種非常有前景的綠色可再生能源產(chǎn)業(yè)。可是，目前潮流能的主要利用形式是發(fā)電，而很少直接用于海水淡化。現(xiàn)有的反滲透海水淡化設(shè)備大多都是通過穩(wěn)定的電能驅(qū)動的，而在一個遠離大陸的小島上電能和淡水都是極其缺乏的。如何利用海島周圍豐富的海洋能進行直驅(qū)式海水淡化，這是目前急需解決的難題。 本文提出使用捕能系統(tǒng)捕獲潮流能帶動低速海水泵把低壓海水轉(zhuǎn)換為高壓海水進行海水淡化，并對海水淡化過程所產(chǎn)出的濃海水進行能量回收。潮流能海水淡化關(guān)鍵在于提高能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率和穩(wěn)定進入海水淡化系統(tǒng)前的海水壓力。潮流能海水淡化系統(tǒng)采用水液壓直驅(qū)式和能量回收系統(tǒng)等設(shè)計方法提高了潮流能轉(zhuǎn)換效率，而且系統(tǒng)中的高、低壓蓄能器及壓力調(diào)節(jié)控制方式等對海水淡化過程中海水壓力起著穩(wěn)定的作用。 在潮流能時變的特點之上基于流體力學(xué)理論，建立了潮流能直驅(qū)式海水淡化系統(tǒng)的各個子系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，，并最終推導(dǎo)出潮流能直驅(qū)式海水淡化系統(tǒng)的離散型數(shù)學(xué)模型。該數(shù)學(xué)模型考慮了水液壓系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部件的滑動摩擦力和泄露量。在有無控制的情況下，通過壓力調(diào)節(jié)控制、能量回收系統(tǒng)控制和最大產(chǎn)水量的控制等控制方式對潮流能海水淡化系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型在系統(tǒng)壓力、產(chǎn)水量和產(chǎn)水比能耗等方面進行仿真。仿真結(jié)果表明:系統(tǒng)壓力相對穩(wěn)定、系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)水量大、產(chǎn)水比能耗小。同時，論述了海水淡化樣機的原理、參數(shù)確定、設(shè)計及制作過程，并進行海上實驗。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, tidal energy is an important part of energy consumption structure, and it is a promising green renewable energy industry. However, power generation is the main form of tidal energy utilization, and is rarely directly used in seawater desalination. Most of the existing reverse osmosis seawater desalination equipment is driven by stable electric energy, while on a small island far from the mainland, electricity and fresh water are extremely scarce. How to use the abundant ocean energy around the island to desalinate seawater directly is a difficult problem that needs to be solved. In this paper, energy capture system is used to capture tidal current energy to drive low speed sea water pump to convert low pressure seawater to high pressure sea water for desalination, and to recover the energy of concentrated seawater produced by desalination process. The key of tidal current energy desalination lies in improving the efficiency of energy conversion and stabilizing the seawater pressure before entering the desalination system. The design methods of water hydraulic direct drive and energy recovery system are used in tidal current desalination system to improve the efficiency of power flow energy conversion, and the system is very high. Low pressure accumulator and pressure regulation control method play a stable role in seawater desalination process. Based on the hydrodynamic theory, the mathematical models of each subsystem of tidal current direct drive seawater desalination system are established, and the discrete mathematical model of tidal current direct drive seawater desalination system is deduced. The mathematical model takes into account the sliding friction force and leakage of the components in the hydraulic system. With or without control, the mathematical model of tidal current desalination system is under pressure through the control of pressure regulation, energy recovery system control and maximum water yield control. Water production and specific energy consumption are simulated. The simulation results show that the pressure of the system is relatively stable, the water production of the system is large and the specific energy consumption is low. At the same time, the principle, parameter determination, design and manufacture process of seawater desalination prototype are discussed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P747;P743

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