【摘要】：浪花飛濺區(qū)是海洋環(huán)境中腐蝕最嚴重的區(qū)帶。復(fù)層礦脂包覆防腐技術(shù)（PTC）已經(jīng)被證明為一種長期有效的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)浪花飛濺區(qū)腐蝕防護技術(shù)。礦脂防蝕膏是PTC技術(shù)的核心內(nèi)容，它的性能決定了PTC技術(shù)的穩(wěn)定性和耐久性，對礦脂防蝕膏的配方進行優(yōu)化具有重要意義。本文采用山東省地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《礦脂防蝕膏》中規(guī)定的耐溫流動性和錐入度檢測方法，結(jié)合中性鹽霧和電化學(xué)交流阻抗實驗，通過選用不同種類的基礎(chǔ)油，添加降凝劑和硬脂酸鈣等功能組分，，對礦脂防蝕膏的基礎(chǔ)配方進行優(yōu)化。研究結(jié)果表明：當(dāng)硬脂酸鈣含量為3%時，以T13號石蠟油為基礎(chǔ)油配制的礦脂防蝕膏的各項性能良好。 干濕交替是導(dǎo)致鋼結(jié)構(gòu)在浪花飛濺區(qū)腐蝕嚴重的一個重要因素，礦脂防蝕膏中含有的緩蝕劑成分可以從腐蝕電化學(xué)的角度對碳鋼進行保護，研究緩蝕劑在干濕交替環(huán)境下對碳鋼的緩蝕作用有助于人們理解PTC技術(shù)的內(nèi)在保護機理，同時為人們提供了一種研究緩蝕劑的新方法。本文選取單寧酸和聚天冬氨酸作為緩蝕劑，采用極化曲線和交流阻抗等電化學(xué)實驗方法，研究了它們在干濕交替環(huán)境下對碳鋼的緩蝕作用；采用表面掃描電鏡、X-射線衍射和傅里葉紅外光譜等手段對腐蝕產(chǎn)物進行表征。研究結(jié)果表明：單寧酸可以有效抑制碳鋼在干濕交替環(huán)境下的腐蝕；單寧酸濃度為1g/L時，緩蝕效率可達86%；單寧酸與FeOOH的優(yōu)先反應(yīng)抑制了銹層的腐蝕加速作用。含有聚天冬氨酸的復(fù)配緩蝕劑對碳鋼在干濕交替環(huán)境下的緩蝕效果更好；復(fù)配緩蝕劑的緩蝕效率為92.6%；經(jīng)過8次干濕交替后，碳鋼表面的腐蝕程度明顯減弱。 作為對聚天冬氨酸研究的拓展，考察了它在酸洗緩蝕劑領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用。本文利用極化曲線、交流阻抗、掃描電鏡和光電子能譜等技術(shù)，研究了聚天冬氨酸與碘化鉀（KI）復(fù)配后對碳鋼在硫酸溶液中的緩蝕作用。研究結(jié)果表明：聚天冬氨酸與KI復(fù)配使用，緩蝕效率達到95%以上；緩蝕效率提高是由于I-的陰離子效應(yīng)加強了聚天冬氨酸在金屬表面的吸附。
[Abstract]:The spray splash zone is the most corroded zone in the marine environment. (PTC) has been proved to be a long-term effective corrosion protection technology in spray zone of steel structure. Mineral grease corrosion inhibitor is the core of PTC technology. Its performance determines the stability and durability of PTC technology. It is of great significance to optimize the formula of mineral grease anticorrosion paste. In this paper, the testing method of temperature resistance fluidity and cone penetration is adopted in Shandong Province, which is stipulated in the local standard "Mineral Lipid Anti-corrosion paste", combined with neutral salt spray and electrochemical AC impedance test, through the selection of different kinds of base oil. Adding functional components such as pour point depressant and calcium stearate, the basic formula of mineral grease anticorrosion paste was optimized. The results show that when the content of calcium stearate is 3, the properties of the oil base oil T13 are good. The alternation of dry and wet is one of the important factors leading to the serious corrosion of steel structure in the spray zone. The corrosion inhibitor component contained in the anti-corrosion paste of mineral grease can protect carbon steel from the angle of corrosion electrochemistry. The study of corrosion inhibition effect of corrosion inhibitor on carbon steel in dry and wet alternate environment is helpful for people to understand the inherent protection mechanism of PTC technology and provide a new method for studying corrosion inhibitor. In this paper, tannic acid and polyaspartic acid were selected as corrosion inhibitors, and electrochemical experiments such as polarization curve and AC impedance were used to study their corrosion inhibition on carbon steel under the alternating dry and wet environment. Surface scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the corrosion products. The results show that tannic acid can effectively inhibit the corrosion of carbon steel in dry and wet alternate environment, the corrosion inhibition efficiency can reach 86 when the concentration of tannic acid is 1g/L, and the preferential reaction between tannic acid and FeOOH inhibits the accelerated corrosion of rust layer. The corrosion inhibition effect of the composite corrosion inhibitor containing polyaspartic acid is better than that of the carbon steel under the alternating dry and wet environment. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of the complex inhibitor is 92.60.After 8 times of dry and wet alternation, the corrosion degree of carbon steel surface is obviously weakened. As an extension of the study of polyaspartic acid, the application of polyaspartic acid in the field of acid pickling inhibitor was investigated. The inhibition effect of polyaspartic acid (PAA) combined with potassium iodide (KI) on the corrosion of carbon steel in sulfuric acid solution was studied by means of polarization curve, AC impedance, scanning electron microscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the inhibition efficiency of polyaspartic acid combined with KI is over 95%, and the increase of inhibition efficiency is due to the enhancement of adsorption of polyaspartic acid on metal surface by the anionic effect of I-.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（海洋研究所）
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P755.3

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