北部灣北部浮游生物生態(tài)學研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-05 06:27
【摘要】：本文以“我國近海海洋綜合調(diào)查與評價專項(908-01-ST09)”2006～2007年北部灣四個季節(jié)的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎,開展了北部灣北部浮游生物生態(tài)學方面的研究。著重分析了北部灣北部浮游生物的種類組成、數(shù)量分布、優(yōu)勢種類、群落多樣性和異質(zhì)性,及影響浮游生物時空變化的環(huán)境因素,探討了影響浮游生物群落變動的環(huán)境調(diào)控機制,其主要研究結(jié)果如下： 1.北部灣北部浮游植物生態(tài)學研究 (1)北部灣北部浮游植物共計273種(含變種和變型),隸屬5門79屬。硅藻門和甲藻門為最優(yōu)類群。廣布性類群和亞熱帶近岸類群在調(diào)查區(qū)占據(jù)主導優(yōu)勢。營養(yǎng)鹽是影響浮游植物種類組成的主要因素。 (2)北部灣北部浮游植物細胞豐度年均值(2207.3±6124.9)×104cells/m3,葉綠素a濃度年均值1.9±1.3mg/m3,葉綠素a濃度的變化趨勢與浮游植物總細胞豐度并不一致。鹽度和營養(yǎng)鹽是影響浮游植物豐度分布的主要因素。 (3)四個季節(jié)均出現(xiàn)的優(yōu)勢種為菱形海線藻(Thalassionema nitzschioides)。骨條藻(Skeletonema sp.)和棕囊藻(Phaeocystis sp.)分別在夏、秋兩季于廣西近岸大量繁殖,具有暴發(fā)赤潮的潛在可能。硅酸鹽是影響骨條藻生長的限制因素,而磷酸鹽是影響棕囊藻繁殖的主要因素。優(yōu)勢種類演替具有明顯的季節(jié)性。 (4)根據(jù)聚類和排序結(jié)果,可將北部灣北部浮游植物劃分為三個群落：廣西近岸群落(JA)、廣西遠岸群落(YA)和瓊州海峽入灣口群落(QZ)。營養(yǎng)鹽分布和浮游植物群落結(jié)構(gòu)受沿岸徑流、粵西沿岸流和南海次表層水三支水系的推移和消長影響。 2.北部灣北部浮游動物生態(tài)學研究 (1)北部灣北部浮游動物共計464種(類)[含浮游幼蟲(體)],隸屬于7個門19個類群。水螅水母類和橈足類是優(yōu)勢類群。廣溫廣鹽類群和近岸低鹽類群在該海域占據(jù)主導地位,與少數(shù)的河口類群及大洋類群形成北部灣北部特有的浮游動物群落組成結(jié)構(gòu)。地形特征、海流與水團的消長及浮游植物的生長與繁殖是影響浮游動物群落組成和水平分布推移的重要因素。 (2)北部灣北部浮游動物豐度年均值(183.5±142.9) ind/m3,生物量年均值(139.5±116.8)mg/m3。平面分布上,春、秋兩季豐度分布呈遠岸高近岸低的趨勢,夏、冬兩季則在近岸海域形成高豐度區(qū)。生物量的平面分布趨勢與豐度的分布趨勢基本一致。水深、溫度及葉綠素a濃度是影響豐度分布的主要因素。 (3)肥胖軟箭蟲(Flaccisagitta enflata)、亞強次真哲水蚤(Subeucalanus subcrassus)、長尾類幼體(Macrura larvae)和蛇尾類長腕幼蟲(Ophiopluteus larvae)在北部灣北部的優(yōu)勢性顯著,優(yōu)勢種類演替具有明顯的季節(jié)性。優(yōu)勢種類對于環(huán)境的適應能力較強。 (4)根據(jù)聚類和排序結(jié)果,可將北部灣北部浮游動物劃分為三個群落：廣西近岸群落(JA)、廣西遠岸群落(YA)和雷州半島西沿岸群落(QZ)。這三個群落與沿岸徑流、粵西沿岸流和南海次表層水的推移和消長密切相關(guān)。群落多樣性、優(yōu)勢種類及指示種隨季節(jié)變化而呈現(xiàn)差異性。 3.營養(yǎng)鹽-浮游植物-浮游動物的耦合關(guān)系 (1)骨條藻藻華區(qū)具有營養(yǎng)鹽豐富,浮游植物種類數(shù)少、豐度高,浮游動物豐度較高的特點。臨界區(qū)骨條藻藻華消亡,優(yōu)勢種轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榱庑魏＞�藻。硅酸鹽對骨條藻具有限制作用,亨生瑩蝦的高值區(qū)與骨條藻藻華區(qū)具有一定程度的重疊。 (2)棕囊藻藻華區(qū)為浮游動物生物量的低值區(qū),藻華區(qū)內(nèi)氮鹽和磷酸鹽的濃度低于浮游植物生長閾值。棕囊藻對營養(yǎng)鹽的吸收率大小順序為磷酸鹽氮鹽硅酸鹽,磷酸鹽是本調(diào)查區(qū)棕囊藻生長繁殖的主要限制因素。
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of the four seasons in the Beibu Gulf from 2006 to 2007, the study on plankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf was carried out. The species composition, quantity distribution, dominant species, community diversity and heterogeneity of plankton in northern Beibu Gulf were emphatically analyzed, and environmental factors affecting the temporal and spatial variation of plankton were analyzed. 1. Phytoplankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf Studies (1) A total of 273 species of phytoplankton in northern Beibu Gulf (including varieties and variations), belonging to Five doors: 79 genera. Salmon and Methoflagellate For the optimal group, the distribution group and the subtropical nearshore group accounted for the survey area. According to the dominant position, the nutrient salt is the composition of phytoplankton. Main factors of phytoplankton cell abundance in northern Beibu Gulf (2207. 3, 6124. 9) were 10104cells/ m3, the annual mean value of chlorophyll a was 1. 9, 1. 3 mg/ m 3, the change trend of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton total. Cell abundance is not consistent. salinity and nutrients are affecting phytoplankton The dominant factors of the degree distribution are: (3) The dominant species present in the four seasons are: Thaliassonema nit zschioides (sk) e leonema sp.) and brown capsule (Ph a In summer and autumn, eocystis sp. is widely propagated in the nearshore of Guangxi. The potential for an outbreak of red tide. The silicate is a limiting factor that affects the growth of algal blooms, and phosphates are shadows. The main factors affecting the reproduction of the brown algae. The dominant species The species of phytoplankton in northern Beibu Gulf can be divided into three communities according to the polytypes and sequencing results. The distribution of nutrients and the structure of phytoplankton community are governed by coastal runoff, west Guangdong coastal flow and South China Sea subregion. The passage and decline of the three water systems in the layer water. 2. Zooplankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf (1) A total of 464 species of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf[including floating larva (body), belonging to 7 doors There are 19 groups in which the dominant group, the broad-temperature broad-salt group and the near-shore low-salt group dominate the sea area, and a few estuarine groups and oceanic groups. The composition structure of zooplankton community is formed in northern Beibu Gulf. The topographic features, the fluctuation of current and water mass, and the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton are the main factors. The annual mean value of zooplankton abundance in northern Beibu Gulf (183. 5, 142. 9) ind/ m3, born The annual mean (139. 5, 116. 8) mg/ m 3. The distribution of water abundance in the spring and autumn was close to the shore in spring and autumn. The trend of low shore, summer and winter, the high abundance area is formed in the near-shore sea area. The distribution trend of biomass is consistent with the distribution trend of abundance. Depth, temperature and chlorophyll a concentration are the main factors affecting abundance distribution. The superiority of the northern Beibu Gulf is remarkable, and the dominant species The species of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf can be divided into three communities according to the clustering and sequencing results. (JA), the coastal communities (QZ) of Guangxi and the western coastal communities of Leizhou Peninsula (QZ). On the Transition of Surface Water in the South China Sea and the Subsurface Water in the South China Sea along the Coastal Runoff and the West of Guangdong and the South China Sea Cutting correlation, community diversity, dominant species and indication species over season Difference in Festival Change. 3. Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Coupling Relationship of zooplankton (1) Osteophyta The algae bloom region has rich nutrients, few phytoplankton species and high abundance. The abundance of zooplankton is characterized by high abundance of zooplankton. The high-value region of Henriying shrimp overlaps with the algae-alginate region of the bone, and the high-value region of the Henriying shrimp has a certain degree of overlap. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphate in algae was lower than that of phytoplankton in the low-value region of zooplankton biomass.
【學位授予單位】：廈門大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：Q178.53
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of the four seasons in the Beibu Gulf from 2006 to 2007, the study on plankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf was carried out. The species composition, quantity distribution, dominant species, community diversity and heterogeneity of plankton in northern Beibu Gulf were emphatically analyzed, and environmental factors affecting the temporal and spatial variation of plankton were analyzed. 1. Phytoplankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf Studies (1) A total of 273 species of phytoplankton in northern Beibu Gulf (including varieties and variations), belonging to Five doors: 79 genera. Salmon and Methoflagellate For the optimal group, the distribution group and the subtropical nearshore group accounted for the survey area. According to the dominant position, the nutrient salt is the composition of phytoplankton. Main factors of phytoplankton cell abundance in northern Beibu Gulf (2207. 3, 6124. 9) were 10104cells/ m3, the annual mean value of chlorophyll a was 1. 9, 1. 3 mg/ m 3, the change trend of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton total. Cell abundance is not consistent. salinity and nutrients are affecting phytoplankton The dominant factors of the degree distribution are: (3) The dominant species present in the four seasons are: Thaliassonema nit zschioides (sk) e leonema sp.) and brown capsule (Ph a In summer and autumn, eocystis sp. is widely propagated in the nearshore of Guangxi. The potential for an outbreak of red tide. The silicate is a limiting factor that affects the growth of algal blooms, and phosphates are shadows. The main factors affecting the reproduction of the brown algae. The dominant species The species of phytoplankton in northern Beibu Gulf can be divided into three communities according to the polytypes and sequencing results. The distribution of nutrients and the structure of phytoplankton community are governed by coastal runoff, west Guangdong coastal flow and South China Sea subregion. The passage and decline of the three water systems in the layer water. 2. Zooplankton ecology in northern Beibu Gulf (1) A total of 464 species of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf[including floating larva (body), belonging to 7 doors There are 19 groups in which the dominant group, the broad-temperature broad-salt group and the near-shore low-salt group dominate the sea area, and a few estuarine groups and oceanic groups. The composition structure of zooplankton community is formed in northern Beibu Gulf. The topographic features, the fluctuation of current and water mass, and the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton are the main factors. The annual mean value of zooplankton abundance in northern Beibu Gulf (183. 5, 142. 9) ind/ m3, born The annual mean (139. 5, 116. 8) mg/ m 3. The distribution of water abundance in the spring and autumn was close to the shore in spring and autumn. The trend of low shore, summer and winter, the high abundance area is formed in the near-shore sea area. The distribution trend of biomass is consistent with the distribution trend of abundance. Depth, temperature and chlorophyll a concentration are the main factors affecting abundance distribution. The superiority of the northern Beibu Gulf is remarkable, and the dominant species The species of zooplankton in northern Beibu Gulf can be divided into three communities according to the clustering and sequencing results. (JA), the coastal communities (QZ) of Guangxi and the western coastal communities of Leizhou Peninsula (QZ). On the Transition of Surface Water in the South China Sea and the Subsurface Water in the South China Sea along the Coastal Runoff and the West of Guangdong and the South China Sea Cutting correlation, community diversity, dominant species and indication species over season Difference in Festival Change. 3. Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Coupling Relationship of zooplankton (1) Osteophyta The algae bloom region has rich nutrients, few phytoplankton species and high abundance. The abundance of zooplankton is characterized by high abundance of zooplankton. The high-value region of Henriying shrimp overlaps with the algae-alginate region of the bone, and the high-value region of the Henriying shrimp has a certain degree of overlap. The concentration of nitrogen and phosphate in algae was lower than that of phytoplankton in the low-value region of zooplankton biomass.
【學位授予單位】：廈門大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：Q178.53
【參考文獻】
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1 陸斗定,Jeanette G，
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