【摘要】：海洋為我國社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展提供了豐富的資源和廣闊的發(fā)展空間,近年來,海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展也在極大程度上對國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長作出貢獻(xiàn),并推動著整個(gè)社會經(jīng)濟(jì)向前發(fā)展。但是隨著我國沿海地區(qū)工業(yè)化進(jìn)程的加快和海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展對海洋粗放式地開發(fā)和無節(jié)制排放,海洋水體污染、生態(tài)受損、災(zāi)害多發(fā)等環(huán)境問題突出,這些海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境問題的發(fā)生會導(dǎo)致海洋生物資源減少,甚至稀有物種就此滅絕,濱海旅游環(huán)境遭到破壞,失去其原有的價(jià)值,人類的生命健康安全也會受到威脅,海洋環(huán)境問題已成為海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展的制約因素。所以,就目前我國海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r來看,如何在保護(hù)環(huán)境的前提下,最大限度提升海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)效率,實(shí)現(xiàn)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)健康發(fā)展,已成為一個(gè)不可避免亟需解決的問題。在說明我國海洋環(huán)境和海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,將海洋傳統(tǒng)投入要素、海洋環(huán)境投入要素和海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)增長納入到一個(gè)整體生產(chǎn)過程中,運(yùn)用柯布-道格拉斯的隨機(jī)前沿分析方法計(jì)算生產(chǎn)者自身的效率,得出我國沿海各地區(qū)的海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率值,并利用ArcGIS分析功能、核密度估計(jì)、基尼系數(shù)、變異系數(shù)、α趨同及β趨同等方法對我國沿海各地區(qū)的海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率進(jìn)行時(shí)空分析和動態(tài)演進(jìn)趨勢分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立Tobit回歸模型,定量分析各可能的影響因素對海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率的影響程度和作用方向。得出以下主要結(jié)論:(1)我國沿海11省市的海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率呈穩(wěn)步提升趨勢,而且地區(qū)間的差異在縮小;河北的海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率水平最高,增長率反而最低,海南的效率水平最低,增長率反而最高,最高與最低效率之間的差異成收斂態(tài)勢;(2)從投入要素的產(chǎn)出彈性來看,傳統(tǒng)投入要素的增加促進(jìn)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長,在現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)水平下,我國海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展以增加涉海就業(yè)人員數(shù)與盡可能轉(zhuǎn)化更多海洋資本為重要前提。海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)值增加的同時(shí)伴隨著海洋環(huán)境污染的加據(jù),工業(yè)廢水的排放對海洋壞境的污染程度最大;(3)各地區(qū)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率存在趨同現(xiàn)象,趨同速度為5.64%,受現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)力水平限制,河北、廣東等海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率值越高地區(qū)的趨同速度低于海南、遼寧等海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率較低的地區(qū);(4)從影響因素來看,海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平對海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率的提升起負(fù)向作用,主要原因是海洋發(fā)展帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益小于因此引發(fā)的資源破壞、環(huán)境污染等的成本。海洋物質(zhì)資本與對外開放水平對海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率起正向促進(jìn)作用,海洋產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、海洋人力資本和環(huán)境治理力度沒有通過模型檢驗(yàn),對海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)綠色生產(chǎn)效率未起到顯著影響。
[Abstract]:The ocean has provided abundant resources and broad development space for the social economy development of our country. In recent years, the rapid development of the marine economy has also contributed to the growth of the national economy to a great extent, and has promoted the whole social economy to develop forward. However, with the acceleration of industrialization in coastal areas of China and the rapid development of marine economy, environmental problems such as extensive exploitation and uncontrolled discharge of the ocean, pollution of marine water bodies, ecological damage, frequent disasters, etc, are prominent. The occurrence of these marine ecological environmental problems will lead to the reduction of marine living resources, even the extinction of rare species, the destruction of the coastal tourism environment, the loss of its original value, and the threat to the health and safety of human beings. The problem of marine environment has become the restriction factor of marine economic growth and healthy sustainable development. Therefore, in view of the current development situation of marine economy in China, how to maximize the efficiency of marine economic production and realize the sustained and healthy development of marine economy under the premise of protecting the environment? It has become an inevitable and urgent problem. On the basis of explaining the present situation of marine environment and marine economy development in China, the traditional input elements of ocean, the input elements of marine environment and the growth of marine economy are brought into a whole production process. By using Cobb-Douglas' stochastic frontier analysis method to calculate the efficiency of the producers themselves, the green production efficiency values of marine economy in each coastal area of China are obtained, and the ArcGIS analysis function, nuclear density estimation, Gini coefficient are used. The methods of variation coefficient, 偽 -convergence and 尾 -convergence are used to analyze the green production efficiency of marine economy in coastal areas of China in time and space and dynamic evolution trend analysis. On this basis, the Tobit regression model was established to quantitatively analyze the influence degree and direction of various possible factors on the green production efficiency of marine economy. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the green production efficiency of marine economy in 11 provinces and cities along the coast of China shows a steady upward trend, and the differences between regions are narrowing, while the green production efficiency of marine economy in Hebei Province is the highest, but the growth rate is the lowest. Hainan has the lowest efficiency level and the highest growth rate, and the difference between the highest efficiency and the lowest efficiency converges. (2) from the point of view of the output elasticity of input elements, the increase of traditional input elements promotes the growth of marine economy. At the present level of technology, the development of marine economy in China is based on increasing the number of employees involved in the sea and transforming more marine capital as much as possible. With the increase of marine economic output value and the increase of marine environmental pollution, the discharge of industrial waste water causes the greatest pollution to the marine environment. (3) the green production efficiency of marine economy in different regions is similar. The convergence rate is 5.64. The convergence rate in the areas with higher green production efficiency of marine economy such as Hebei and Guangdong is lower than that in Hainan, Liaoning and other areas with low green production efficiency. (4) from the point of view of influencing factors, the convergence rate of green production efficiency of marine economy in Hebei and Guangdong is lower than that in Hainan and Liaoning. (4) from the point of view of influencing factors, The level of marine economic development plays a negative role in improving the efficiency of green production of marine economy. The main reason is that the economic benefits brought by marine development are less than those caused by the destruction of resources and the cost of environmental pollution. Marine material capital and the level of opening to the outside world play a positive role in promoting the green production efficiency of marine economy. The marine industrial structure, marine human capital and environmental governance have not passed the model test. It has no significant effect on the green production efficiency of marine economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P74

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