本文選題：鋼樁 + 吸排泥裝置��； 參考：《哈爾濱工程大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,隨著人們的技術(shù)水平不斷的提高,海洋資源開(kāi)發(fā)利用也進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的時(shí)代,但由于復(fù)雜多變的海洋環(huán)境,海洋設(shè)施總是會(huì)出現(xiàn)不同的破壞,致使其使用壽命下降,最終淪為廢棄設(shè)施。在我國(guó),拆除已經(jīng)或?qū)⒁_(dá)到服役期的海洋設(shè)施時(shí),不論是用何種切割方式,要先排出海底的泥沙。本文設(shè)計(jì)研究的鋼樁內(nèi)排泥設(shè)備采用液壓鉆頭及高壓水噴沖系統(tǒng)將泥沙與鉆井液混合成為固-液兩相流,然后通過(guò)氣舉式排泥裝置將含有泥沙的固-液兩相流吸排至鋼樁外側(cè)。首先,對(duì)海洋廢棄設(shè)施鋼樁吸排泥裝置總體方案進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)維修公司的具體要求確定了吸排泥裝置的技術(shù)參數(shù),同時(shí)根據(jù)技術(shù)參數(shù)及工作要求確定了吸排泥機(jī)械系統(tǒng)的組成部分,它包括吸排泥系統(tǒng)、固定支撐架、導(dǎo)向裝置和工作平臺(tái),吸排泥系統(tǒng)又包括鉆頭、鉆桿、動(dòng)力頭以及導(dǎo)向支撐裝置等部分,并對(duì)每一個(gè)系統(tǒng)以及部件進(jìn)行具體分析,對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)的功能、組成及工作原理進(jìn)行介紹。之后,對(duì)吸排泥裝置中動(dòng)力頭的液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)研究。根據(jù)工作環(huán)境以及工藝要求,對(duì)動(dòng)力頭液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行方案研究,并對(duì)液壓馬達(dá)、液壓泵、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、液壓缸等元件進(jìn)行選型設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算,根據(jù)液壓泵以及液壓馬達(dá)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),對(duì)液壓泵和液壓馬達(dá)進(jìn)行效率計(jì)算,并根據(jù)這些計(jì)算結(jié)果計(jì)算液壓系統(tǒng)總效率并繪制效率曲線(xiàn),再進(jìn)行液壓系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力學(xué)計(jì)算,并分析該系統(tǒng)是否滿(mǎn)足設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)要求。再后,對(duì)吸排泥裝置總體管路進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)研究。根據(jù)工作要求合理的設(shè)計(jì)了排泥管路結(jié)構(gòu),并對(duì)構(gòu)成排泥管路的各關(guān)鍵元件進(jìn)行選型設(shè)計(jì),包括空氣壓縮機(jī)、鉆頭噴嘴、高壓水泵以及高壓噴頭。為了使排泥效率最大化,對(duì)高壓噴頭安裝位置進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),采用最優(yōu)化理論計(jì)算方法計(jì)算出高壓噴頭數(shù)量以及X軸、Z軸方向上的偏移角度。最后,對(duì)吸排泥裝置的關(guān)鍵部件,包括動(dòng)力頭驅(qū)動(dòng)軸系、掛鉤與支撐架連接件、注水彎管進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)度校核,并且對(duì)關(guān)鍵流體運(yùn)動(dòng),包括排泥管流體流場(chǎng)和噴頭噴管三維流場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了分析,通過(guò)分析其壓力與速度等參變量的變化,得到流體的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,根據(jù)這些運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,并改變其中單一參變量進(jìn)行對(duì)比試驗(yàn),提出提高排泥效率的方法。
[Abstract]:At present, with the continuous improvement of people's technical level, the exploitation and utilization of marine resources has entered a new era. However, due to the complex and changeable marine environment, the marine facilities will always appear different damage, resulting in the decline of their service life. They were eventually reduced to abandoned facilities. In our country, when removing the marine facilities which have been or will reach the service period, no matter by any cutting method, the sediment from the seabed should be discharged first. In this paper, hydraulic bit and high pressure water jet system are used to mix sediment and drilling fluid into solid-liquid two-phase flow, and then the solid-liquid two-phase flow containing sediment is sucked out to the outside of steel pile by gas-lift mud discharging device. First of all, the overall scheme of steel pile suction and discharging device in marine waste facilities is designed. According to the specific requirements of the maintenance company, the technical parameters of the suction and drainage device are determined. At the same time, according to the technical parameters and working requirements, the components of the suction and drainage mechanical system are determined, which include the suction and discharging system, the fixed support frame, The guiding device and the working platform, the mud suction and drainage system includes the bit, the drill pipe, the power head and the guide support device, and carries on the concrete analysis to each system and the component, to the control system function, The composition and working principle are introduced. After that, the hydraulic system of the power head in the suction and draining device is designed and studied. According to the working environment and process requirements, the hydraulic system of the power head is studied, and the hydraulic motor, hydraulic pump, engine, hydraulic cylinder and other components are selected and calculated. According to the design parameters of hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor, The efficiency of hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor is calculated. According to these results, the total efficiency of hydraulic system is calculated and the efficiency curve is drawn. Then the dynamic calculation of hydraulic system is carried out, and the requirement of design parameters is analyzed. After that, the design of the overall pipeline of the suction and drainage device is carried out. According to the requirements of the work, the structure of the mud discharge pipeline is designed reasonably, and the key components of the pipeline are selected and designed, including air compressor, bit nozzle, high pressure water pump and high pressure nozzle. In order to maximize the efficiency of discharging mud, the installation position of high pressure nozzle was designed, and the number of high pressure nozzle and the offset angle of X axis Z axis were calculated by the method of optimization theory. Finally, the key components of the suction and draining device, including the driving shafting system of the power head, the connecting parts of the hook and the support frame, the water injection elbow, and the key fluid movement are checked. The fluid flow field of the exhaust pipe and the three dimensional flow field of the nozzle are analyzed. By analyzing the variation of the parameters such as pressure and velocity, the motion laws of the fluid are obtained. A method to improve the efficiency of mud discharge was put forward by changing the single parameter to carry on the contrast test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P742;TH122

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號(hào)：2103197