本文選題：深海 + 銀/鹵化銀電極　； 參考：《中國海洋大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在海洋工程中，為保證安全，避免經(jīng)濟損失，要對金屬構(gòu)筑物電位進行測量，這就要采用長期穩(wěn)定性良好、精度高的參比電極，來保證它的真實有效性。目前，Ag/AgCl電極和Zn電極是海水中應(yīng)用最廣泛的參比電極，但電位易發(fā)生飄移，高壓環(huán)境中穩(wěn)定性不好，不能長期應(yīng)用于深海工程中。本論文針對目前使用電極存在的缺陷，結(jié)合深海環(huán)境的高壓強等特點，設(shè)計耐壓的Ag/AgX和Zn電極結(jié)構(gòu)，測其高壓力條件下的性能，證明本論文研制的電極高壓穩(wěn)定性好，適用于深海。 本文采用的是粉末壓片法制備的銀/鹵化銀參比電極和純度99.99%的鋅制備鋅電極。采用電化學測量的方法測其高壓力環(huán)境中的穩(wěn)定性及重現(xiàn)性，溫度、pH、壓力、流速、恒電流極化等對參比電極的影響，并且與常壓下性能以及無耐壓設(shè)計的電極性能對比分析。結(jié)果表明，6MPa壓力條件下，無耐壓結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的Ag/AgX電極2h內(nèi)電位能夠維持穩(wěn)定，但是2h后電位突變，出現(xiàn)負一百多的電位值，電極失效，電極壓力條件下穩(wěn)定性差，不能長期應(yīng)用于深海環(huán)境；而本實驗研制的有耐壓結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的Ag/AgX電極在6MPa壓力條件下，在為期10d的實驗中，電極電位維持穩(wěn)定，電位漂移量小于3.0mV，且與常壓下的電位值差距小于2mV，耐壓設(shè)計提高了電極高壓力條件下的穩(wěn)定性，使本實驗研制的有耐壓結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的Ag/AgX電極可以長時間應(yīng)用于深海工程。6MPa高壓條件下，高純Zn電極維持穩(wěn)定，，與常壓條件下電極穩(wěn)定電位相近，且電位值波動在10mV內(nèi)，即本實驗研制的有耐壓結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的高純Zn電極也具有高壓力條件下穩(wěn)定性好、重現(xiàn)性好的特點。另外，本實驗制備的具有耐壓裝置的Ag/AgX電極、高純Zn電極，在常壓、高壓條件下溫度響應(yīng)特性良好，受pH的影響可以忽略，不受海水流速影響，抗極化性能好，使用壽命長。在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計Ag/AgX-Zn復合參比電極結(jié)構(gòu)，制備電極，得到高壓力條件下穩(wěn)定性好的復合參比電極，可以應(yīng)用于深海工程。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure safety and avoid economic loss, the potential of metal structures should be measured in the ocean engineering. It is necessary to use reference electrodes with good long-term stability and high accuracy to ensure its true validity. At present, the Ag- / AgCl electrode and Zn electrode are the most widely used reference electrodes in seawater, but the potential is prone to drift, the stability in high pressure environment is not good, so it can not be used in deep-sea engineering for a long time. In this paper, in view of the defects of the electrode used at present and the characteristics of the deep sea environment such as high pressure, the structure of the Ag- / AgX and Zn electrode is designed, and the performance of the electrode under the high pressure condition is measured. It is proved that the electrode developed in this paper has good high pressure stability. Applicable to the deep sea. In this paper, silver / silver halide reference electrode and zinc electrode with 99.99% purity were prepared by powder pressing method. The stability and reproducibility of the electrode under high pressure, the effects of temperature, pH, pressure, flow rate and constant current polarization on the reference electrode were measured by electrochemical measurement. The performance of the electrode under normal pressure and without voltage design was compared and analyzed. The results show that the potential of Ag- / AgX electrode without pressure structure can be kept stable within 2 hours, but after 2 hours, the potential changes with negative potential value of more than 100, electrode failure, and poor stability under pressure, the results show that the AgX electrode with no pressure structure can maintain a stable potential within 2 hours under the pressure of 6 MPA, but the potential changes after 2 hours. It can not be used in deep-sea environment for a long time, but the Ag- / AgX electrode with a pressure structure designed in this experiment has a stable potential for 10 days under a pressure of 6 MPA. The potential drift is less than 3.0 MV, and the difference between the potential value at normal pressure and that at normal pressure is less than 2 MV. The voltage resistance design improves the stability of the electrode under high pressure. The designed Ag- / AgX electrode with high voltage structure can be used in deep-sea engineering for a long time at high pressure of 0.6 MPA. The high purity Zn electrode is stable and close to that of the electrode at normal pressure, and the potential fluctuates within 10 MV. The high purity Zn electrode developed in this experiment also has good stability and reproducibility under high pressure. In addition, the Ag- / AgX electrode and the high purity Zn electrode prepared in this experiment have good temperature response under normal pressure and high pressure, and can be neglected by pH, no influence of seawater flow rate, good polarization resistance and long service life. On this basis, the structure of Ag- / AgX-Zn composite reference electrode is designed, and the electrode is prepared. The composite reference electrode with good stability under high pressure can be used in deep-sea engineering.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P751

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本文編號：2036616