本文選題：自動監(jiān)測技術 + 遠程無線通信��； 參考：《杭州電子科技大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：海洋自古就蘊含著豐富的漁業(yè)、礦產、能源等各類資源，開發(fā)海洋不僅是緩解陸地矛盾、補充陸地需求的必要手段，也是科學研究的必然結果。認識和開發(fā)海洋的過程其實就是海洋監(jiān)測技術、海洋開發(fā)技術及海洋通用技術等一系列海洋高新技術不斷更新發(fā)展的過程。其中海洋監(jiān)測技術是海洋通用技術應用于實踐的必然，也是海洋開發(fā)技術的基礎和保障。 傳統(tǒng)的海洋監(jiān)測技術依靠人工實地測量來獲取第一手的海洋數據，亦或將樣品帶回實驗室再進行分析，該方法已經越來越難以滿足日益發(fā)展的海洋監(jiān)測技術的要求，由此而誕生的海洋自動監(jiān)測技術是一項集機械、電子、通信、物理、化學、地質等多領域研究為一體的綜合技術，依靠該技術可遠程獲取海洋數據，大大減少人力、物力、財力。 本研究從海洋自動監(jiān)測技術的發(fā)展現狀出發(fā)，以實際科研項目的需求為基礎。首先確定了本海洋監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)測參數和相應技術指標，其次以此為基礎設計了本海洋監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的總體規(guī)劃方案，最后將總體方案根據功能詳細分解為多個獨立的子功能模塊。 根據立體化海洋監(jiān)測的總體設想，將自動監(jiān)測平臺設計為漂浮式海面監(jiān)測和座底式海底監(jiān)測兩大部分。座底式海洋監(jiān)測平臺集成了多套商用數據采集設備，，漂浮式海面監(jiān)測平臺上搭載了太陽能供電、遠程通信系統(tǒng)、漂浮模塊、GPS定位、自制的物理化學數據采集器等功能模塊。其中座底式海洋監(jiān)測平臺上的各設備均采用自容方式工作，而漂浮式海面監(jiān)測平臺上設備通過移動GPRS網絡以遠程無線通信方式進行實時監(jiān)控。 本研究對自制的物理化學數據采集系統(tǒng)進行了重點設計，包括該系統(tǒng)的硬件電路設計、軟件程序設計及該數據采集系統(tǒng)的機械封裝結構設計。硬件電路設計內容包括系統(tǒng)的低功耗設計、電源轉換、模擬信號獲取及處理、模數轉換、數據存儲、實時時鐘及通信電路等。軟件程序設計包括數據采集系統(tǒng)的上、下位機程序設計和上下位機間通信協(xié)議設計，其中上位機軟件包括了實時顯示控制程序和遠程控制中心程序。機械封裝結構設計包括殼體設計和封頭設計兩部分。 該系統(tǒng)在完成裝配后還進行了多項實驗室試驗，并根據試驗反饋進行改進，最后將調試完畢的整套系統(tǒng)布放于實際海域進行為期一個月的海試試驗。試驗數據真實，具備一定參考價值，一系列試驗表明系統(tǒng)運行情況良好，基本完成預期目標。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, the ocean contains abundant fishery, mineral resources, energy and other resources. Developing the ocean is not only the necessary means to alleviate the land contradiction and supplement the land demand, but also the inevitable result of scientific research. The process of understanding and developing the ocean is actually the process of continuous renewal and development of marine high and new technologies, such as ocean monitoring technology, ocean development technology and ocean general technology. The marine monitoring technology is the necessity of the application of general marine technology in practice, and also the foundation and guarantee of marine development technology. Traditional marine monitoring techniques rely on artificial field measurements to obtain first-hand marine data or bring samples back to the laboratory for analysis. This method has become increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of the increasingly developed marine monitoring technology. The marine automatic monitoring technology is a comprehensive technology that integrates mechanical, electronic, communication, physical, chemical, geological and other fields of research. Depending on this technology, ocean data can be obtained remotely, and manpower and material resources can be greatly reduced. Financial resources Based on the development of marine automatic monitoring technology, the research is based on the demand of actual scientific research projects. First, the monitoring parameters and corresponding technical indexes of the marine monitoring system are determined, then the overall planning scheme of the marine monitoring system is designed based on the above. Finally, the overall scheme is decomposed into several independent sub-function modules according to the function. According to the overall idea of three-dimensional ocean monitoring, the automatic monitoring platform is designed as floating sea level monitoring and bottom monitoring. The platform integrates many sets of commercial data acquisition equipment, and the floating sea level monitoring platform is equipped with solar power supply, remote communication system, floating module GPS positioning, self-made physical and chemical data collector and other functional modules. The equipment on the bottom platform works in self-contained mode, while the equipment on the floating sea surface monitoring platform is monitored by remote wireless communication through the mobile GPRS network. This study focuses on the design of the physical and chemical data acquisition system, including the hardware circuit design, software program design and mechanical packaging structure design of the data acquisition system. The hardware circuit design includes low power design, power conversion, analog signal acquisition and processing, analog-to-digital conversion, data storage, real-time clock and communication circuit. The software program design includes the upper and lower computer program design and the communication protocol design between the upper and lower computers. The upper computer software includes the real-time display control program and the remote control center program. Mechanical package structure design includes two parts: shell design and head design. After completing the assembly, several laboratory tests were carried out and improved according to the feedback of the test. Finally, the whole system was placed in the actual sea area for a one-month sea trial. The test data are true and have certain reference value. A series of tests show that the system is running well and the expected goal is basically achieved.
【學位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P714.3

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