本文選題：導(dǎo)管架平臺 + 安全儲備��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：海洋平臺分為固定式平臺和移動式平臺兩種,其中導(dǎo)管架平臺是固定式平臺的典型代表,也是目前近海應(yīng)用最多的海洋平臺形式。導(dǎo)管架平臺除了承受自身重力和甲板設(shè)備重力以外,還受到復(fù)雜的環(huán)境載荷的影響,如風(fēng)、浪、流、冰和地震等載荷。其中,風(fēng)、浪、流和冰載荷作用下的導(dǎo)管架平臺結(jié)構(gòu)的反應(yīng)分析研究的人比較多,地震載荷則研究得相對較少,規(guī)范在地震載荷這塊也少有涉及。地震是一種劇烈的能量釋放過程,強震導(dǎo)致的建筑物毀壞容易造成嚴重的經(jīng)濟損失和人員傷亡,而中國近海三大石油蘊藏區(qū)(渤海、南黃海和南海)都是地震活動區(qū),這意味著導(dǎo)管架平臺在服役期間可能會遭受地震作用。為了保證平臺的安全,避免因地震造成的人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟損失,對導(dǎo)管架平臺進行抗震倒塌安全儲備研究是十分必要的。本文基于美國應(yīng)用技術(shù)委員會ATC (Applied Technology Council)提出的倒塌安全儲備系數(shù)(Collapse Margin Ratio, CMR)和健康與安全執(zhí)行委員會HSE(Health and Safety Executive)推薦使用的儲備強度比(Reserve Strength Ratio, RSR)這兩個安全儲備評價指標對導(dǎo)管架平臺結(jié)構(gòu)的整體安全儲備能力進行了研究,具體內(nèi)容有：簡單介紹了反應(yīng)譜理論,對國際標準化組織(ISO)、美國石油協(xié)會(API)和中國船級社(CCS)這三家關(guān)于固定式平臺抗震分析的規(guī)范進行了學(xué)習(xí),對比了相關(guān)規(guī)范中設(shè)計反應(yīng)譜的規(guī)定,挑選出了適合中國渤海海域的設(shè)計反應(yīng)譜,并按照規(guī)范步驟得到了該設(shè)計反應(yīng)譜。介紹了靜力彈塑性分析方法的流程,重點介紹了側(cè)向力分布模式的影響和能力譜法,詳細地給出了能力譜法每個步驟的流程及一些理論背景,為下文的靜力彈塑性分析方法求CMR提供了先備知識。對ATC-63報告《Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors》中基于增量動力分析(Incremental Dynamic Analysis, IDA)得到CMR的過程進行了介紹,并應(yīng)用該方法對渤海某一導(dǎo)管架平臺做地震倒塌分析。通過有限元分析程序OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation)對該平臺進行有限元建模和分析。根據(jù)地震波選擇原則選出20條合適的地震波對平臺做IDA,并在此基礎(chǔ)上得到平臺的CMR。用較簡單的靜力彈塑性分析方法代替繁復(fù)的IDA得到了CMR,并通過對比兩者的結(jié)果驗證了此方法的合理性。根據(jù)Pushover分析結(jié)果得到導(dǎo)管架平臺的RSR。通過列舉Pushover分析得到CMR和RSR過程中的每個影響因素,對比分析了這兩個安全儲備評價指標的優(yōu)劣。提出了改進的CMR指標分析方法,給出了該方法的基本思想和分析步驟,論證了該方法的合理性,并總結(jié)了該方法的優(yōu)缺點。用該方法對一組不同頂端質(zhì)量的導(dǎo)管架平臺進行了分析,得出了CMR、RSR和延性系數(shù)μ的變化趨勢,據(jù)此分析了這三個安全儲備評價指標的優(yōu)劣。根據(jù)CMR與RSR的關(guān)系,提出一種確定CMR限值的想法。
[Abstract]:Offshore platform is divided into two types: fixed platform and mobile platform. Jacket platform is the typical representative of fixed platform, and it is also the most widely used offshore platform. In addition to their own gravity and deck equipment gravity, jacket platforms are also affected by complex environmental loads, such as wind, waves, currents, ice and earthquakes. Among them, the response analysis of jacket platform structure under wind, wave, current and ice loads has been studied by many people, but the seismic load has been studied relatively less, and the code is seldom involved in the seismic load. Earthquakes are a violent process of energy release. The destruction of buildings caused by strong earthquakes can easily cause serious economic losses and casualties, while the three major oil-bearing areas off the coast of China (Bohai Sea, South Huang Hai and South China Sea) are seismically active areas. This means that the jacket platform may be subject to earthquake during service. In order to ensure the safety of the platform and avoid the casualties and economic losses caused by the earthquake, it is necessary to study the seismic collapse safety reserve of the jacket platform. This paper is based on the assessment of the collapse safety reserve coefficient (collapse Margin Ratio, CMR) proposed by the ATC Applied Technology Council and the Reserve Strength Ratio, RSR) recommended by the Executive Committee on Health and Safety (HSE(Health and Safety Executive). The overall safety reserve capacity of jacket platform structure is studied. The main contents are as follows: the theory of response spectrum is briefly introduced, and the three codes of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the American Petroleum Association (API) and the China Classification Society (CCS) on seismic analysis of fixed platforms are studied. The design response spectrum suitable for Bohai Sea area in China was selected by comparing the design response spectrum in the relevant codes and the design response spectrum was obtained according to the standard steps. The flow chart of static elastic-plastic analysis method is introduced, and the influence of lateral force distribution mode and capability spectrum method are emphatically introduced. The flow chart and some theoretical background of each step of capability spectrum method are given in detail. This paper provides a preliminary knowledge of the static elastoplastic analysis method for CMR. The process of obtaining CMR based on incremental Dynamic Analysis, IDA) in ATC-63 report < Quantification of Building Seismic Performance Factors > is introduced, and the seismic collapse analysis of a jacket platform in Bohai Sea is made by using this method. The finite element modeling and analysis of the platform are carried out by the finite element analysis program OpenSees / Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation). According to the principle of seismic wave selection, 20 suitable seismic waves are selected to do IDA on the platform, and the CMRs of the platform are obtained on this basis. The simple static elastoplastic analysis method is used to replace the complicated IDA, and the rationality of the method is verified by comparing the results of the two methods. According to the results of Pushover analysis, the RSRs of jacket platform are obtained. Each influencing factor in the process of CMR and RSR is obtained by enumerating Pushover analysis, and the advantages and disadvantages of these two safety reserve evaluation indexes are compared and analyzed. An improved CMR index analysis method is put forward, its basic idea and analysis steps are given, the rationality of the method is proved, and the advantages and disadvantages of the method are summarized. By using this method, a group of jacket platforms with different top mass are analyzed, and the variation trends of CMRN RSR and ductility coefficient 渭 are obtained, and the advantages and disadvantages of these three safety reserve evaluation indexes are analyzed. According to the relationship between CMR and RSR, an idea of determining the limit value of CMR is proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P751

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