本文選題：反滲透海水淡化水 + 消毒�。� 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：全球淡水資源短缺已成為人們?nèi)找骊P(guān)注的問題,反滲透海水淡化技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為解決全球水資源危機(jī)的重要途徑。反滲透海水淡化水與自來水相比具有礦物質(zhì)元素含量低、pH偏酸性、硬度和堿度更低等特點(diǎn),目前對(duì)于經(jīng)反滲透海水淡化技術(shù)處理后的水質(zhì)消毒和洗滌應(yīng)用的相關(guān)研究未見報(bào)道。針對(duì)淡化水消毒和洗滌問題,本研究從淡化水水質(zhì)自身特點(diǎn)的角度出發(fā),比較了反滲透海水淡化水的消毒方法,探討了淡化水直接用于洗滌過程中影響洗凈率的因素,提出了對(duì)淡化水適當(dāng)調(diào)質(zhì)后提高洗凈率的思路。研究結(jié)果表明：(1)通過比較反滲透海水淡化水的三種消毒方法,次氯酸鈣、二氧化氯和紫外線消毒各有優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。通過對(duì)H、TDS、余氯、微生物數(shù)量等指標(biāo)進(jìn)行考察,確定消毒劑劑量分別為次氯酸鈣5 mg/L,二氧化氯1 mg/L,紫外線5mJ/cm2;經(jīng)次氯酸鈣和二氧化氯消毒后的淡化水在存放28 d的過程中,其pH、硬度、TDS、電導(dǎo)率等水質(zhì)指標(biāo)基本不變；當(dāng)次氯酸鈣添加量為5 mg/L的淡化水貯存5d后,其余氯由5 mg/L降低到0.09mg/L。和次氯酸鈣和二氧化氯通常適用于貯水過程中消毒相比,紫外線更適用于管網(wǎng)消毒。(2)當(dāng)反滲透海水淡化水直接用于洗滌時(shí),淡化水的洗凈率要低于自來水。通過比較淡化水和自來水的水質(zhì)對(duì)洗滌劑pH、表面活性物含量和鈣鎂螯合量以及洗凈率的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)在藍(lán)月亮洗滌劑洗滌過程中,淡化水的pH為5.9,洗凈率為12.89%,而自來水pH在7.4左右,最接近藍(lán)月亮洗滌劑最佳pH作用范圍,洗凈率為13.18%；淡化水洗滌前后表面活性物含量分別為0.69%和0.23%,洗凈率為12.89%,而自來水洗滌前后的表面活性物含量分別為0.58%和0.31%,洗凈率為13.48%；淡化水的鈣鎂螯合量為2.47 mg/L,洗凈率為12.99%,此時(shí)自來水的鈣鎂螯合量為22.5 mg/L,洗凈率為13.58%。對(duì)于同一種水質(zhì),藍(lán)月亮洗滌劑的洗凈率明顯高于超能和奧妙洗滌劑。(3)通過適當(dāng)提高反滲透海水淡化水的硬度和堿度可以有效提高其洗凈率。在一定的硬度(0 mg/L硬度100 mg/L)、堿度(0 mg/L硬度100 mg/L)范圍內(nèi),反滲透海水淡化水的洗凈率呈現(xiàn)先升高后緩慢降低的趨勢(shì)。通過比較發(fā)現(xiàn)復(fù)合2#-7#洗凈率具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì),因此在硬度為1.25-30 mg/L,堿度為1.75-42mg/L時(shí)洗滌效果最明顯。。比較超能、藍(lán)月亮和奧妙等洗滌劑的洗凈率,發(fā)現(xiàn)藍(lán)月亮的洗凈率達(dá)到22.35%左右,而奧妙和超能的洗凈率均在21%左右。
[Abstract]:The shortage of freshwater resources in the world has become an increasingly concerned problem. Reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology has become an important way to solve the global water crisis. Compared with tap water, reverse osmosis seawater desalination water has the characteristics of lower mineral element content, lower pH, lower hardness and lower basicity, etc. At present, there is no report on the disinfection and washing application of reverse osmosis seawater desalination technology. Aiming at the disinfection and washing problems of desalination water, this study compared the disinfection methods of reverse osmosis seawater desalination water from the point of view of the characteristics of desalination water quality, and discussed the factors that influence the washing efficiency of desalination water directly used in washing process. The idea of improving washing rate after proper conditioning and tempering of desalination water was put forward. The results showed that by comparing the three disinfection methods of reverse osmosis seawater desalination water, calcium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide and ultraviolet disinfection had advantages and disadvantages respectively. The disinfectant dosages were determined to be 5 mg / L of calcium hypochlorite, 1 mg / L of chlorine dioxide and 5 mg / cm ~ 2 of ultraviolet light, respectively. The desalination water after disinfection with calcium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide was stored for 28 days. The pH, hardness, conductivity and other water quality indexes remained unchanged, and the rest of chlorine decreased from 5 mg/L to 0.09 mg / L after storage for 5 mg/L in desalination water. Compared with calcium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide, UV is more suitable for pipe network disinfection than calcium hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide. When reverse osmosis seawater desalination water is used for washing directly, the washing efficiency of desalination water is lower than that of tap water. By comparing the effects of water quality of desalination water and tap water on the pH of detergent, the content of surfactant, the amount of calcium and magnesium chelate, and the washing rate, it was found that in the process of washing blue moon detergent, The pH of desalinated water is 5.9, the washing rate is 12.89, while the pH of tap water is about 7.4, which is the closest to the best pH range of blue moon detergent. Before and after washing, the content of surface active substances was 0.69% and 0.23%, the washing rate was 12.89, while that of tap water before and after washing was 0.58% and 0.31, respectively, and the washing rate was 13.48%, the amount of calcium and magnesium chelate in desalinated water was 2.47 mg / L, The net rate is 12.99. The calcium and magnesium chelate in tap water is 22.5 mg / L and the washing rate is 13.58. For the same water quality, the washing rate of blue moon detergent is obviously higher than that of supercharged and mysterious detergents. By properly increasing the hardness and basicity of reverse osmosis seawater desalination water, the washing efficiency can be improved effectively. In the range of 100 mg / L hardness of 0 mg/L and 100 mg / L of basicity of 0 mg/L, the washing rate of reverse osmosis seawater desalination water increased firstly and then decreased slowly. It is found that the washing efficiency of compound 2 #-7# has obvious advantages, so the washing effect is the most obvious when hardness is 1.25-30 mg / L and basicity is 1.75-42mg/L. The washing rate of blue moon and magic detergent was about 22.35%, while that of mysterious and supercharged detergent was about 21%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P747.5

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號(hào)：1946905