本文選題：波能轉換轉置 + 頻域分析�。� 參考：《大連理工大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著日益增長的能源需求與日漸枯竭的傳統(tǒng)能源之間矛盾不斷加劇,人們將眼光轉向了蘊含巨大能量的海洋波浪能。雖然相比其他可再生能源,對波浪能的研究和開發(fā)起步較晚,但是經(jīng)過各國研究人員努力,現(xiàn)已提出了多種不同原理的波能轉換裝置概念,并且部分已經(jīng)得到了工程上的應用。波浪能利用技術的關鍵在于波能轉換裝置WECs (Wave Energy Converters)的設計。本文的研究對象是垂蕩浮子式波能轉換裝置,它以一個做垂蕩運動的浮子作為吸收波浪能的載體,采用直接驅動線性發(fā)電機驅動發(fā)電,實現(xiàn)從波浪能到電能的轉換。通過頻域分析和時域模擬等研究手段,探索不同控制策略以及浮子形狀參數(shù)對波能轉換裝置水動力性能和波能俘獲特性的影響。首先采用頻域分析方法,考慮直接驅動的垂蕩浮子式波能轉換裝置,建立該裝置的頻域運動方程,獲得該裝置的頻率響應函數(shù),分別推導了WEC在規(guī)則波和不規(guī)則波作用下的時間平均波浪吸收能和能量俘獲寬度,并詳細討論了四種不同線性PTO(Power-Take-Off)力控制方法對裝置波浪能吸收最大化和能量俘獲寬度的影響,其中在規(guī)則波中采用最優(yōu)因果控制,在不規(guī)則波中采用次優(yōu)因果控制。其次采用以狀態(tài)空間模型替代時域運動方程卷積項的方法,建立Matlab Simulink時域仿真模型對裝置進行時域模擬,探索不同控制策略下浮子運動特性以及波浪能吸收隨時間變化規(guī)律。通過和頻域結果比對,驗證狀態(tài)空間模型替代方法的準確性,并進一步研究四種線性PTO力控制方法的機理。然后,采用時域仿真模型,研究了非線性閉鎖控制方法對裝置波浪能吸收的影響,結果表明閉鎖控制夠在有效控制的基礎上提高WEC的速度從而增大波浪吸收能,同時也不會產生無功功率,但是閉鎖控制下的能量輸出是不連續(xù)的,這就需要PTO具有一個短期蓄能的裝置,而在直接驅動系統(tǒng)中是難以實現(xiàn)的。為了與實際情況相符,在時域仿真模型中加入止動系統(tǒng)來約束浮子的最大位移,結果表明止動系統(tǒng)能夠很好地控制裝置的位移幅值,但是當采用復共軛控制時會進一步增大所需的PTO力。最后,在保證經(jīng)濟性和可行性的前提下,采用頻域分析方法,考慮使用PTO有效控制作為控制策略,針對不同的浮子形狀參數(shù),討論質量、半徑、錐角以及形狀等因素對裝置水動力性能以及波浪吸收效率的影響,為波能轉換裝置的選形提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the increasing energy demand and the increasingly depleted traditional energy conflicts, people turn their eyes to the ocean wave energy which contains enormous energy. Compared with other renewable energy sources, the research and development of wave energy started late, but through the efforts of researchers from various countries, the concept of wave energy conversion device with different principles has been put forward, and some of it has been applied in engineering. The key of wave energy utilization is the design of WECs wave Energy converters. The research object of this paper is the wave-energy conversion device of pendulum float, which takes a floating float as the carrier of absorbing wave energy, and uses direct driving linear generator to drive power generation, which realizes the conversion from wave energy to electric energy. By means of frequency domain analysis and time domain simulation, the effects of different control strategies and float shape parameters on the hydrodynamic performance and wave energy capture characteristics of wave-energy conversion device are explored. In this paper, the frequency domain motion equation is established and the frequency response function of the device is obtained by using the frequency domain analysis method and considering the wave energy conversion device of the pendulum float driven directly. The time average wave absorption energy and energy capture width of WEC under regular and irregular waves are derived, and the effects of four different linear PTO Power-Take-Off-Off-force control methods on the maximum wave energy absorption and energy capture width are discussed in detail. Among them, optimal causal control is used in regular waves and suboptimal causal control in irregular waves. Secondly, by replacing the convolution term of time domain motion equation with state space model, the Matlab Simulink time domain simulation model is established to simulate the time domain of the device, and to explore the characteristics of float motion and the variation of wave energy absorption with time under different control strategies. The accuracy of the state space model substitution method is verified by comparing the results in the frequency domain, and the mechanism of the four linear PTO force control methods is further studied. Then, the time domain simulation model is used to study the influence of nonlinear locking control method on wave energy absorption. The results show that the latchup control can improve the speed of WEC and increase the wave absorption energy on the basis of effective control. At the same time, reactive power is not generated, but the output of energy under locking control is discontinuous, which requires that PTO has a short-term energy storage device, which is difficult to achieve in direct drive system. In order to accord with the actual situation, a stop system is added to the time domain simulation model to constrain the maximum displacement of the float. The results show that the stopping system can control the displacement amplitude of the device well. However, when complex conjugate control is used, the required PTO force will be further increased. Finally, under the premise of ensuring the economy and feasibility, using the frequency domain analysis method, considering the use of PTO effective control as the control strategy, for different float shape parameters, discuss the mass, radius, The influence of cone angle and shape on the hydrodynamic performance and wave absorption efficiency of the device provides a reference for the selection of wave energy conversion device.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P743.2

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本文編號：1900834