本文選題：多環(huán)芳烴 + 沉積物�。� 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究對江蘇省典型海岸帶多環(huán)芳烴分布特征進(jìn)行研究,并通過來源解析探討了其與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、人口密度及土地利用方式變化等的關(guān)系來描述了人類活動影響下江蘇省海岸帶環(huán)境變化特征,結(jié)果表明,低環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴為該地區(qū)多環(huán)芳烴污染的重要原因。其主要來源可能與江蘇省繁忙的海上交通運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)生的原油泄漏等具有重要的關(guān)系,并將海洋沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴這一典型有機(jī)污染物作為人類活動的一個重要化學(xué)指標(biāo)。連云港海岸帶表層沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴含量范圍為3.37 ng/g~118.82 ng/g,平均值為43.28 ng/g,與國內(nèi)其他海岸帶多環(huán)芳烴含量相比屬于較低水平。該地區(qū)多環(huán)芳烴含量較高的站點(diǎn)主要位于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá),人口密集,人類活動比較活躍的東西連島海岸帶附近,道路交通產(chǎn)生的汽車尾氣,海上航運(yùn)及捕撈船只產(chǎn)生的發(fā)動機(jī)引擎產(chǎn)生的尾氣以及航運(yùn)過程產(chǎn)生的原油泄漏等都是導(dǎo)致該地區(qū)多環(huán)芳烴污染的顯著原因。同時生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價結(jié)果表明,連云港海岸帶表層沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴污染水平不會對該區(qū)域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生危害。鹽城海岸帶表層沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴含量范圍為17.07 ng/g~4426.14 ng/g,平均值為788.75 ng/g,與國內(nèi)其他海岸帶多環(huán)芳烴含量相比屬于較高。主要來源為石油源,但同時化石燃料燃燒以及煤炭、草木燃燒等也占有較高的比重。由于該地區(qū)海岸帶在江蘇省海岸帶中所占面積最廣,灘涂資源最為豐富,因此該地區(qū)多環(huán)芳烴污染較連云港及南通均較嚴(yán)重,且由于鹽城地區(qū)河流廣布,大量污染物通過河流攜帶進(jìn)入到海岸帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中,同時沿海大量建筑用地增加,大面積圍墾,導(dǎo)致該地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞嚴(yán)重對污染物的降解能力減弱,這也是該地區(qū)多環(huán)芳烴污染的重要原因。生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價結(jié)果表明,鹽城海岸帶表層沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴污染水平有部分站點(diǎn)二氫苊及苊含量可能會對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生潛在危害。南通海岸帶表層沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴的總含量為1.4 ng/g~87.09 ng/g,平均含量為19.88 ng/g。所研究站點(diǎn)中萘、菲及二苯并(a,h)蒽三類多環(huán)芳烴的平均濃度最高,苊未檢出。與國內(nèi)外典型海灣、潮間帶多環(huán)芳烴含量相比,江蘇南通污染狀況處于低污染水平。運(yùn)用源解析法確定了南通表層沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴主要來源為化石燃料燃燒源及石油源。南通周邊快速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)使得大量陸源污染物隨大氣沉降作用直接或間接進(jìn)入表層沉積物中,同時長江入�？谥苓吀鞲劭诖暗倪\(yùn)輸以及周邊車輛的尾氣排放也有可能導(dǎo)致多環(huán)芳烴污染的加劇。生態(tài)風(fēng)險評價分析發(fā)現(xiàn)南通表層沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴含量對環(huán)境危害很低。選取了人類活動擾動較小的海岸帶柱狀樣品,分析了其近三十年來多環(huán)芳烴含量變化,得出海岸帶沉積物多環(huán)芳烴與能源利用、土地利用方式及經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展等人類活動對多環(huán)芳烴污染狀況有重要影響,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,多環(huán)芳烴含量增加明顯,而人口密度增加對多環(huán)芳烴污染影響雖并不明顯,但整體呈現(xiàn)人口增加污染加重趨勢。而由于江蘇省海岸帶工業(yè)用地較少,土地利用主要方式為耕地、草地和其他建設(shè)用土地,因此該地區(qū)并未有較大的多環(huán)芳烴污染源,因此海上交通及低溫燃燒產(chǎn)生的低環(huán)多環(huán)芳烴污染物在該地區(qū)占有較大的比重,可通過多環(huán)芳烴污染物的組成、含量特征及來源指示人類活動對環(huán)境變化的影響。且通過對江蘇省海岸帶典型柱狀樣中多環(huán)芳烴含量估算出整個江蘇省海岸帶多環(huán)芳烴通量,由此得出海岸帶沉積物是多環(huán)芳烴的重要匯。本研究針對江蘇省典型海岸帶多環(huán)芳烴的污染問現(xiàn)狀對江蘇省海岸帶污染現(xiàn)狀提出濕地利用、植被修復(fù)、新能源利用及土地利用細(xì)化等一系列現(xiàn)實可行的污染治理措施,為海岸帶沉積物中多環(huán)芳烴污染治理與修復(fù)提出建設(shè)化意見,為海岸帶保護(hù)提供了范例。
[Abstract]:In this study, the distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the typical coastal zone of Jiangsu province were studied, and the relationship between the economic development, population density and the change of land use mode was discussed by source analysis. The characteristics of the environmental changes in the coastal zone of Jiangsu under the influence of human activities were described. The results showed that the low cyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in this area. The main source of pollution may be related to the oil leakage from the busy traffic and transportation in Jiangsu Province, and the typical organic pollutants of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine sediments are regarded as an important chemical index for human activities. The content range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of the Lianyungang coastal zone The average value of 3.37 ng/g~118.82 ng/g, with an average of 43.28 ng/g, is lower than that of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in other coastal zones in China. The sites with high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in this area are mainly located in the economically developed, densely populated, active East and west coastal zones of the human activities, the vehicle exhaust produced by road traffic, maritime shipping and The exhaust gas produced by the engine engine produced by the fishing vessels and the oil leakage from the shipping process are all the significant causes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution in this area. At the same time, the ecological risk assessment results show that the pollution level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of the Lianyungang coastal zone will not harm the ecosystem in the region. The Yancheng sea is the result of the ecological risk assessment. The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of the shore zone is 17.07 ng/g~4426.14 ng/g, with an average value of 788.75 ng/g, which is higher than the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in other coastal zones. The main source is petroleum source, but the combustion of fossil fuels, coal and wood burning are also higher. The coastal zone in this area is in Jiangsu. The area of the province is the most widely used in the coastal zone and the most abundant beach resources. Therefore, the pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in this area is more serious than that in Lianyungang and Nantong. And because of the wide distribution of rivers in Yancheng, a large number of pollutants are carried into the coastal ecosystem through the river, while a large number of coastal construction land is increased and large area is reclaimed. The degradation ability of pollutants is weakened seriously, which is also an important cause of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution in this area. The ecological risk assessment results show that the level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of Yancheng coastal zone has some sites two hydrogen acabene and acabene content may have potential hazards to the ecosystem. The surface subsidence of the Nantong coastal zone The total content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the product is 1.4 ng/g~87.09 ng/g, and the average concentration of naphthalene in the site of the study is 19.88 ng/g., and the average concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of phenanthrene and two benzo (a, H) anthracene is the highest, and the acacene is not detected. Compared with the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the typical Gulf and intertidal zone, the pollution of Nantong in Jiangsu is at the low pollution level. Source solution is used. The main sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of Nantong are the source of fossil fuel combustion and the source of oil. The rapid development of the economy around Nantong makes a large number of terrestrial pollutants enter the surface sediments directly or indirectly with the atmospheric sedimentation, and the transport of ships around the ports around the Yangtze River entrance and the tail gas of the surrounding vehicles. The emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may also lead to the aggravation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The analysis of ecological risk assessment found that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface sediments of Nantong were very harmful to the environment. The samples of the coastal columnar with small disturbance of human activity were selected, and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the coastal sediments were changed and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the coastal zone were obtained and the energy of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the coastal zone was obtained. Human activities such as source utilization, land use and economic development have an important influence on the pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. With the development of the economy, the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons increases obviously, while the increase of population density is not obvious to the pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), but the overall trend of population increase is increasing. And the coastal industry in Jiangsu province is due to the industry. With less land use, land use is mainly cultivated land, grassland and other construction land. Therefore, there is no major polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon source in this area. Therefore, the low cyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced by sea traffic and low temperature combustion occupy a large proportion in this area, which can be composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, content characteristics and sources. The impact of human activity on environmental changes and the estimation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons flux in the coastal zone of the Jiangsu province by the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the typical columnar samples of the coastal zone of Jiangsu Province, thus the sediment of the coastal zone is an important remittance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. This study aimed at the pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the typical sea shore zone of Jiangsu province to Jiangsu The present situation of coastal zone pollution puts forward a series of practical pollution control measures, such as wetland utilization, vegetation restoration, new energy utilization and land use refinement, and puts forward constructive suggestions for the remediation and restoration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal sediments, and provides a example for the protection of coastal zone.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X55

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