本文選題：環(huán)境容量 + 氮磷�。� 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要 營(yíng)口白沙灣近岸人口數(shù)量激增,工業(yè)化港口和化工園區(qū)開發(fā)興起,鄰近海灣水域所承受的環(huán)境壓力越來(lái)越大,海洋環(huán)境質(zhì)量狀況下降,生態(tài)系統(tǒng)失衡,人類活動(dòng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的不利影響日益突凸顯。為了優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),加強(qiáng)海洋環(huán)境污染治理,開展近岸環(huán)境容量研究對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)入海污染物排放總量控制是極為重要的。 白沙灣近岸海域在海洋資源開發(fā)的過(guò)程中扮演著重要的角色。該海域分為4種海洋功能區(qū),生物保護(hù)區(qū)、港口運(yùn)輸區(qū)、濱海浴場(chǎng)和海洋農(nóng)漁業(yè)等都是重要的海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)來(lái)源。它是典型的多功能分區(qū)重點(diǎn)開發(fā)海灣。針對(duì)他的環(huán)境特征和環(huán)境質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀,我們可以通過(guò)環(huán)境質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)和環(huán)境容量來(lái)研究。 眾所知,海洋環(huán)境容量是指在不造成其不可承受的影響下,環(huán)境所能容納的某種污染物的能力。筆者著重闡述氮、磷污染源在不同類型海洋功能區(qū)劃的環(huán)境容量閾值前提下,對(duì)陸源排放的總量控制及環(huán)境容量分配刻不容緩。為此,本文依據(jù)所允許排放的污染物的數(shù)量,確定氮、磷環(huán)境容量,為制訂區(qū)域特征污染物減排計(jì)劃、給出總量控制的對(duì)策和建議、改善區(qū)域海洋環(huán)境做了深入研究。 本論文探討目標(biāo)海域?yàn)闋I(yíng)口白沙灣,以水質(zhì)和水文的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)氮、磷水動(dòng)力輸運(yùn)擴(kuò)散和環(huán)境容量計(jì)算進(jìn)行研究。主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： (1)針對(duì)海區(qū)氮磷要素具有海水能量作用和不確定性,選用了模糊模型評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)白沙灣海域的水質(zhì)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。在現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查站位中僅有個(gè)別站位為清潔,呈現(xiàn)大部分站位氮鹽超過(guò)漁業(yè)養(yǎng)殖和休閑娛樂(lè)用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的狀況。 (2)采用水質(zhì)污染物擴(kuò)散方程和海水交換率法,對(duì)海灣的氮、磷環(huán)境容量分別計(jì)算,結(jié)果表明海域環(huán)境容量結(jié)果相吻合。該海域無(wú)機(jī)氮和無(wú)機(jī)磷在二類水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下氮已經(jīng)超出環(huán)境容量,而磷仍有環(huán)境容量。 (3)考慮到海水營(yíng)養(yǎng)鹽超標(biāo),則依據(jù)氮、磷海灣排放特征提出減排措施,最終在進(jìn)行綜合條件篩選,選出減排的最優(yōu)方案。 綜上述,該論文選題開展?fàn)I口白沙灣海域氮、磷環(huán)境容量的研究,提出具有可操作性污染源的總量控制方案,為加強(qiáng)此海灣近岸污染源整治及科學(xué)管理提供技術(shù)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:abstract
The number of near shore population in Baisan Bay of Yingkou is increasing, the development of industrial ports and chemical industrial parks is rising, the environmental pressure of adjacent Bay waters is increasing, the quality of the marine environment is declining, the ecological system is unbalanced and the adverse effects of human activities and economic development are becoming increasingly prominent. In order to optimize the industrial structure and strengthen the treatment of marine environmental pollution. The study of offshore environmental capacity is very important to achieve total discharge control of pollutants entering the sea.
The coastal waters of Baisha Bay have played an important role in the development of marine resources. The sea area is divided into 4 kinds of marine functional areas. The biological protection area, port transportation area, coastal bathing field and marine agriculture fishery are all important marine economic sources. It is a typical multi-functional zone to develop the Bay. The quantity status quo can be studied through environmental quality assessment and environmental capacity.
As we all know, the marine environmental capacity refers to the ability of the environment to hold some kind of pollutant without the effect of its non bearable influence. The author emphasizes that the total control system and the environmental capacity distribution of the source emission are not slow under the condition of the environmental capacity threshold of the different types of marine functional zoning. According to the number of pollutants allowed to be discharged, the environmental capacity of nitrogen and phosphorus is determined, the plan for reducing the emission of regional characteristic pollutants is made, the countermeasures and suggestions for the total amount control are given, and the regional marine environment is further studied.
The target sea area is the Baisha Bay in Yingkou. Based on the survey data of water quality and hydrology, this paper studies the transport and diffusion of nitrogen and phosphorus hydrodynamics and the calculation of environmental capacity. The main contents are as follows:
(1) in view of the effect and uncertainty of the nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the sea area, the water quality of the sea area in the bay of Bai Sha Wan is evaluated by the fuzzy model evaluation method. In the status survey station, only a few stations are cleaned, and most of the stations have more nitrogen than the fishery culture and recreational recreational water standards.
(2) the nitrogen and phosphorus environmental capacity of the bay is calculated by the diffusion equation of water quality pollutants and the method of seawater exchange rate. The results show that the environmental capacity of the sea area is consistent. The nitrogen and inorganic phosphorus in the sea area have exceeded the environmental capacity under the two kinds of water quality standards, and the phosphorus still has environmental capacity.
(3) taking into account the over standard of seawater nutrients, the emission reduction measures are put forward according to the characteristics of the nitrogen and phosphorus discharge in the Gulf. Finally, the comprehensive conditions are screened and the best scheme of emission reduction is selected.
In conclusion, the paper studies the nitrogen and phosphorus environmental capacity of the Baisha Bay, Yingkou, and proposes a total amount control scheme with an operable source of pollution to provide a technical basis for strengthening the regulation and scientific management of the near shore pollution sources in this bay.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：X55

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本文編號(hào)：1845984