本文選題：吹填法填海造地 + 懸沙減少��； 參考：《魯東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：填海造地在帶動(dòng)沿海經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的同時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生一系列的環(huán)境問(wèn)題,如:海岸線蝕退、水質(zhì)惡化、海洋生物種類減少以及海洋災(zāi)害頻繁發(fā)生。研究表明,施工過(guò)程中所產(chǎn)生的懸沙對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厮h(huán)境和海洋生物會(huì)產(chǎn)生不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的影響。在填海造地?cái)U(kuò)大土地使用面積的同時(shí)應(yīng)注意對(duì)海洋環(huán)境的保護(hù)。如何減少填海造地過(guò)程中的懸沙量,已為廣大專家學(xué)者所關(guān)注。因此,針對(duì)吹填法填海造地懸沙減少施工工藝的研究對(duì)于指導(dǎo)實(shí)際工程建設(shè)和保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境具有較為重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。目前關(guān)于吹填法填海造地施工過(guò)程中如何減少懸沙產(chǎn)生的研究?jī)H局限于施工過(guò)程的某個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),不能貫穿整個(gè)過(guò)程;此外,對(duì)于施工過(guò)程中懸沙擴(kuò)散的研究,常采用平面二維擴(kuò)散方程計(jì)算出其包絡(luò)面積,不能直觀的展現(xiàn)懸沙擴(kuò)散的動(dòng)態(tài)變化。本文重點(diǎn)分析了填海造地過(guò)程中不同環(huán)節(jié)懸沙產(chǎn)生的影響因素,討論了各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中減少懸沙的方法,并通過(guò)數(shù)值模擬對(duì)不同工況下的懸沙濃度和擴(kuò)散范圍進(jìn)行比較,定量分析不同影響因素下的結(jié)果差異。主要內(nèi)容如下:1、吹填施工過(guò)程中懸沙產(chǎn)生的主要影響因素分析。通過(guò)分析懸沙產(chǎn)生的機(jī)理,重點(diǎn)關(guān)注施工過(guò)程中的基槽開挖、圍堰設(shè)置與拆除、吹填及自然因素對(duì)懸沙產(chǎn)生的影響。2、懸沙減少施工工藝優(yōu)化研究。在上述第一條內(nèi)容基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)懸沙產(chǎn)生的不同環(huán)節(jié),提出了相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化措施。包括護(hù)岸拋填施工中拋石位置選擇、基槽開挖階段施工機(jī)械選擇、圍堰的施工順序和天氣選擇、吹填物料的選擇、排水口、溢流口位置的合理布置、龍口合攏時(shí)機(jī)的選擇等。3、數(shù)值模型建立與設(shè)計(jì)工況的模擬。以龍口灣海域?yàn)檠芯繉?duì)象,應(yīng)用MIKE21水動(dòng)力模塊(HD)耦合對(duì)流擴(kuò)散模塊(TR),采用動(dòng)量方程、質(zhì)量方程和對(duì)流擴(kuò)散方程為控制方程,利用Mesh Generator生成三角形非結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格,建立求解研究海域懸沙擴(kuò)散輸運(yùn)模型。應(yīng)用上述模型,計(jì)算當(dāng)?shù)爻绷鲌?chǎng)的運(yùn)移動(dòng)態(tài),并分析懸沙擴(kuò)散濃度包絡(luò)圖,定量分析不同源強(qiáng)、吹填物料、作業(yè)位置下懸沙濃度和擴(kuò)散范圍的差異。吹填法填海造地懸沙產(chǎn)生主要集中在護(hù)岸、基槽開挖、圍堰的建立與拆除以及吹填階段,針對(duì)不同施工環(huán)節(jié)提出相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化措施,可有效減少懸沙產(chǎn)生。源強(qiáng)、吹填物料和作業(yè)位置對(duì)懸沙濃度和擴(kuò)散范圍有顯著影響。本文結(jié)論可為實(shí)際工程建設(shè)提供一定的理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Reclamation will bring about a series of environmental problems, such as coastal erosion and retreat, deterioration of water quality, reduction of marine species and frequent occurrence of marine disasters. The results show that the suspended sediment produced during construction has an irreversible effect on the local water environment and marine life. Attention should be paid to the protection of marine environment while reclaiming land to expand land use area. How to reduce the amount of suspended sediment in the process of reclamation has been concerned by experts and scholars. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for practical engineering construction and marine environment protection to study the construction technology of reducing suspended sediment by reclamation. At present, the research on how to reduce the formation of suspended sediment in the process of reclamation by blowing method is limited to one part of the construction process and cannot run through the whole process. In addition, the research on the diffusion of suspended sediment during the construction process, The plane two-dimensional diffusion equation is often used to calculate the envelope area, which can not show the dynamic change of suspended sediment diffusion directly. In this paper, the influence factors of suspended sediment in different links during reclamation are analyzed, the methods of reducing suspended sediment in each link are discussed, and the concentration and diffusion range of suspended sediment under different conditions are compared by numerical simulation. Quantitative analysis of the results of different factors. The main contents are as follows: 1. Analysis of the main factors influencing the formation of suspended sediment in the process of filling construction. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of suspended sediment formation, emphasis is placed on the optimization of construction technology for reducing suspended sediment by excavation of foundation groove, setting and dismantling of cofferdam, filling and natural factors. On the basis of the first article above, the corresponding optimization measures are put forward for the different links of suspended sediment production. Including the choice of riprap position in the construction of bank revetment, the selection of construction machinery in the excavation stage of foundation groove, the construction sequence and weather selection of cofferdam, the selection of filling materials, the reasonable arrangement of the location of drainage port and overflow port, Longkou closing time selection. 3, numerical model establishment and design conditions simulation. Taking Longkou Bay as the research object, using MIKE21 hydrodynamic module (HDD) coupled convection-diffusion module, using momentum equation, mass equation and convection-diffusion equation as control equations, Mesh Generator is used to generate triangular unstructured meshes. A model for the diffusion and transport of suspended sediment in the studied sea area is established. By using the above model, the migration dynamics of the local tidal current field are calculated, and the envelope diagram of suspended sediment diffusion concentration is analyzed to quantitatively analyze the difference between the suspended sediment concentration and the diffusion range under the condition of the different homology, the filling material and the operating position. The formation of suspended sediment is mainly concentrated in bank revetment, foundation trench excavation, cofferdam construction and demolition, and the construction and demolition of cofferdam, and the corresponding optimization measures are put forward in view of different construction links, which can effectively reduce the formation of suspended sediment. The source strength, filling material and working position have significant influence on suspended sediment concentration and diffusion range. The conclusion of this paper can provide certain theoretical basis for practical engineering construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P756.8

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