本文選題：天津　切入點：海水淡化　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：水資源是基礎(chǔ)性自然資源和戰(zhàn)略性經(jīng)濟資源。天津市是我國北方最大的沿海開放城市，又是我國華北地區(qū)缺水最為嚴(yán)重的城市之一，人均水資源量僅160立方米。隨著濱海新區(qū)開發(fā)開放步伐的加快，水資源短缺問題已成為制約天津發(fā)展的重要瓶頸。在天津可用的水源當(dāng)中，地表水源的豐欠受降雨量的影響，地下水源不可再生，其過度開采會引發(fā)地面沉降、海水倒灌等問題；城市用水以引灤水和應(yīng)急引黃水為主，但隨著上游來水的不足以及地區(qū)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展、人口的增加，迫切需要尋找新的水源以解決天津水資源短缺的問題。 天津擁有海岸線153公里，所轄海域約3000平方公里，海水資源豐富。海水淡化是一種從海水中提取淡水的技術(shù)，是水資源的開源增量技術(shù)。與引灤入津、南水北調(diào)等遠距離調(diào)水相比，具有可增加淡水總量、受氣候影響小、產(chǎn)品水水質(zhì)好、供水穩(wěn)定、可靠性強等優(yōu)點，可為天津及濱海新區(qū)提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的市政供水及工業(yè)高品質(zhì)水。因此，向大海要水、發(fā)展海水淡化技術(shù)，開展天津市海水淡化發(fā)展研究，是解決天津及濱海新區(qū)水資源短缺的現(xiàn)實與戰(zhàn)略選擇，這對于保障天津及濱海新區(qū)經(jīng)濟社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和國家濱海新區(qū)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的實施具有重大的現(xiàn)實和戰(zhàn)略意義。 本文針對天津市及濱海新區(qū)水資源短缺現(xiàn)狀，緊密圍繞天津及濱海新區(qū)開發(fā)開放和循環(huán)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展對海水淡化的迫切需求，開展了天津市海水淡化發(fā)展研究。在客觀分析國內(nèi)外海水淡化技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、趨勢以及天津海水淡化發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，，深刻剖析了天津海水淡化發(fā)展存在的問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上，系統(tǒng)分析了天津海水淡化發(fā)展的有關(guān)政策、產(chǎn)業(yè)、技術(shù)等基礎(chǔ)條件，明確其優(yōu)劣勢，研究提出了適合天津的海水淡化發(fā)展思路、模式，并從政策機制、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、人才培養(yǎng)和經(jīng)費投入等方面提出了促進天津海水淡化發(fā)展的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Water resources are basic natural resources and strategic economic resources.Tianjin is the largest coastal open city in the north of China. It is also one of the cities with the most serious water shortage in North China, with a per capita water resource of only 160 cubic meters.With the rapid development and opening of Binhai New area, the shortage of water resources has become an important bottleneck restricting the development of Tianjin.Among the available water sources in Tianjin, the abundance and shortage of surface water sources are affected by rainfall, and groundwater sources are not renewable. Excessive exploitation of groundwater sources will lead to problems such as land subsidence and sea water recharge, etc. The main urban water sources are Luanhe water diversion and emergency Yellow River diversion water.However, with the shortage of upstream water and the development of regional economy and the increase of population, it is urgent to find new water sources to solve the shortage of water resources in Tianjin.Tianjin has a coastline of 153 km, the jurisdiction of about 3000 square kilometers of sea water resources.Seawater desalination is a technology to extract fresh water from sea water and is an incremental technology of water resources.Compared with the remote water transfer from Luanhe River to Tianjin and South-to-North Water diversion, it has the advantages of increasing the total amount of fresh water, being less affected by climate, having good quality of product water, stable water supply, strong reliability, etc.Tianjin and Binhai New area can provide high-quality municipal water supply and industrial high-quality water.Therefore, it is a realistic and strategic choice to solve the shortage of water resources in Tianjin and Binhai New area by asking for water from the sea, developing desalination technology and carrying out research on desalination development in Tianjin.This is of great practical and strategic significance for ensuring the sustainable development of economy and society in Tianjin and Binhai New area and the implementation of the development strategy of National Binhai New area.In view of the shortage of water resources in Tianjin and Binhai New area, this paper focuses on the urgent need of seawater desalination in Tianjin and Binhai New area for the development of open and circular economy, and carries out the research on the development of seawater desalination in Tianjin.Based on the objective analysis of the present situation and trend of desalination technology at home and abroad and the present situation of seawater desalination in Tianjin, the problems existing in the development of seawater desalination in Tianjin are deeply analyzed.On this basis, the basic conditions of Tianjin seawater desalination development, such as policies, industries, technologies and so on, are systematically analyzed, and its advantages and disadvantages are clarified. The development ideas and models of seawater desalination suitable for Tianjin are studied and put forward, and the policy mechanism and technological innovation are also put forward.Some suggestions are put forward to promote the development of seawater desalination in Tianjin.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P747

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