本文選題：渤海　切入點：黃海　出處：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：地球是人類賴以生存的環(huán)境，人類的生存和發(fā)展與地球息息相關(guān)，隨著人類的發(fā)展全球變化問題日益突出，為了我們?nèi)祟惛玫纳�，環(huán)境問題成為我們現(xiàn)代社會研究的重要課題。 海洋是地球的的重要組成部分，對地球的環(huán)境氣候起著決定性作用，是全球變化研究的核心內(nèi)容之一。海底的沉積物，它們記錄著非常完好的地質(zhì)發(fā)展歷史，同時對海洋的化學(xué)與物理作用過程、全球的氣候變化、環(huán)境歷史的變化等多方面的信息也具有記錄作用，對全面認識全球環(huán)境、氣候變化規(guī)律具有重要意義。 我國典型的兩條大河長江、黃河，每年為我國東部陸架海輸入大量的泥沙，為了了解我國東部陸架海的物源演化、時空分布及其環(huán)境的指示意義，因此很多學(xué)者把如何鑒別黃河、長江的物源作為研究的熱點，而粘土礦物組分作為海洋沉積物的敏感粒級，在示蹤沉積物源區(qū)物源輸入和沉積環(huán)境方面具有非常好的靈敏度和可信度。 本文分別通過對渤黃海區(qū)域表層樣的粘土粒級沉積物進行地球化學(xué)分析和黃海北部B03巖芯的粒度、粘土礦物、沉積速率、粘土粒級沉積物地球化學(xué)分析，初步得到以下幾點結(jié)論： (1) B03巖芯沉積物的粒度特征表明巖性表明巖芯上下比較均一，沉積記錄連續(xù)，顆粒粒徑均為0.25mm的細沙、粉砂及黏土，，主要為灰色、灰褐色粘土質(zhì)粉砂，主要以粘土質(zhì)粉砂為主，少部分為砂質(zhì)粉砂；峰態(tài)系數(shù)、偏態(tài)系數(shù)、和分選系數(shù)整體變化范圍不大，分選系數(shù)較差；沉積物自上而下粒徑較細，粒度變化較小且沉積連續(xù)，說明了巖芯處于低能且穩(wěn)定的沉積環(huán)境，水動力條件比較弱。 (2) B03巖芯粘土礦物組合特征呈現(xiàn)，巖芯主要以伊利石為主，也含有大量蒙脫石（11.0%-15.2%），三角端元圖說明該巖芯源區(qū)主要來自黃河沉積物。在粘土礦物與粘土粒級沉積物的主微量的耦合關(guān)系中得出， B03巖芯粘土粒級沉積 物中以富鈣蒙皂石、富鉀伊利石為特點，而在巖芯的主量元素垂向變化中我們得出CaO和K2O含量在以90cm為界分為上下兩層，頂部的含量明顯高于底部，說明其物源和環(huán)境都發(fā)生了一次顯著地變化。 (3)在B03巖芯粘土粒級沉積物地球化學(xué)特征變化中，出現(xiàn)CaO、NaO、K2O、ΣREE等垂向圖以90cm為界巖芯上下兩段的變化，說明研究區(qū)在此處前后碎屑沉積物物源有了重大的改變。依據(jù)B03巖芯的210Pb測年數(shù)據(jù)分析，以B03巖芯的水深和長度計算，B03巖芯出現(xiàn)的90cm處上下分界線的沉積年齡為163a，而黃河尾間河段長期以來不斷發(fā)生變遷改道，交替注入黃海、渤海，黃河曾于1855年由黃海入海改道至渤海，時間上推斷該分界線和1855年黃河改道的時間相符，因此推測B03巖芯90cm上下兩段沉積物的差異極可能是由黃河改道引起的。在黃河改道后山東半島沿岸流攜帶的大量黃河物質(zhì)在此處快速沉積，所以90cm以上的沉積物與黃河有很大的親緣性，而在黃河未改道前，B03巖芯距離黃河河口較遠，90cm以下的沉積物主要以接受山東半島近岸及海底基巖剝蝕的產(chǎn)物為主。(4)通過對渤黃海粘土粒級沉積物元素地球化學(xué)特征研究，主微量成分特征和同一沉積年齡特征元素顯示B23巖芯位于北黃�？赡芙邮芰顺r半島和遼東半島物源的影響其黃河高Ca的特征不明顯；而B43巖芯位于渤海內(nèi)，由于渤海為近封閉的一個環(huán)陸內(nèi)海，主要的輸入物源是陸源物質(zhì)，所以其主量元素性質(zhì)和變化與黃河物質(zhì)一致，V、Ni、Co等風化作用的指示元素高于黃河，說明他們在沉積搬運中經(jīng)歷了一定的風化侵蝕，Zn、Cu等重金屬元素的值也明顯大于黃河，說明他們或多或少有一定的污染，B03的Cu、Zn含量最高，它從黃河口到山東半島的運移過程中被污染的可能性比較大；稀土元素特征顯示HL-2、HL-3和HK1和與黃河物質(zhì)比較相似，其它樣品的稀土元素含量均高于黃河物質(zhì)稀土元素的含量，它們稀土元素具有的高含量值說明它們在沉積搬運過程中可能接受了其它物質(zhì)來源的影響。
[Abstract]:The earth is the environment for human survival. The survival and development of mankind is closely related to the earth. With the development of mankind, the problem of global change is increasingly prominent. In order to better our human survival, environmental problems become an important research topic in our modern society.
The ocean is an important part of the earth, the earth's climate environment plays a decisive role, is one of the core contents of global change research. The seabed sediment, they are the records of the geological history is very good, and the physical and chemical effects on marine processes, global climate change, environmental change and other historical information the record also has effect on the comprehensive understanding of the global environment, plays an important role in the regulation of climate change.
China's two rivers typical of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, every year in East China Sea continental shelf input a large amount of sediment, in order to understand the continental shelf of East China provenance evolution, spatial distribution and environmental significance, so many scholars regard how to identify the source of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River as a research hotspot, and clay mineral group as the sensitive grain size of marine sediments, has very good sensitivity and reliability of the tracer in the sediment source area of material sources and sedimentary environment.
Based on geochemical analysis of clay particle size sediments in the Bohai the Yellow Sea area, and the geochemical characteristics of the B03 core in northern the Yellow Sea, such as grain size, clay mineral, deposition rate and clay particle size, we have got the following conclusions.
(1) the grain size characteristics of core B03 sediments show that uniform lithology cores, sedimentary record, particle size was 0.25mm in the sand, silt and clay, mainly for gray, gray and brown clayey silt, mainly clayey silt, some sand silty sand; kurtosis coefficient of skewness coefficient, and sorting coefficient of the overall change range is not big, poor sorting coefficient; sediment from top to bottom with fine particles, particle size is smaller and the continuous deposition, the sedimentary environment in the core low and stable, the hydrodynamic condition is relatively weak.
(2) showed B03 core characteristics of clay minerals, rock mainly illite, also contains a large number of montmorillonite (11.0%-15.2%), triangular end member diagram shows that the rock core area is mainly from the the Yellow River sediments. In clay minerals and clay sediments of the main trace the coupling relationship that B03 core clay deposition
In the calcium rich smectite, illite potassium rich features, in the main elements of core vertical change we can CaO and K2O content in 90cm is divided into two layers, the top was significantly higher than that of the bottom, indicating its provenance and environment has undergone a significant change.
(3) in the B03 core clay sediments geochemical characteristics in the changes of CaO, NaO, K2O, REE and sigma vertical picture with 90cm changes on two core circles, that the study area has been significantly changed here before and after clastic sediment source. Based on the data analysis based on B03 core 210Pb, the core B03 depth and length calculation, 90cm core B03 appears on the deposition age boundary is 163a, while the the Yellow River reach between long tail change diversion, alternately into the Yellow Sea, the Yellow River in Bohai, the Yellow Sea in 1855 by the diversion to Bohai, the time that the demarcation line and 1855 the Yellow River diversion time consistent, suggesting that B03 core 90cm two differences in sediment is very likely caused by the diversion of the Yellow River in the Yellow River. After the diversion of Shandong Peninsula coastal current carrying a large number of substances in the Yellow River rapid deposition here, so to 90cm The sediment has great affinity with the Yellow River, and in the Yellow River without diversion before, B03 core is relatively far from the mouth of the the Yellow River River, sediments below 90cm mainly in the Shandong Peninsula and accept the product of the seabed erosion mainly. (4) through the study on the geochemical characteristics of elements in sediments of Bohai the Yellow Sea clay, the main trace components the same features and sedimentary age characteristics of display elements of core B23 in northern the Yellow Sea may be influenced by the Korean Peninsula and the Liaodong Peninsula source high Ca the Yellow River feature is not obvious; while the core B43 is located in Bohai, Bohai due to a ring of land sea nearly closed, the main source is the input of terrigenous materials. So the main elements and material properties and changes of the Yellow River, V, Ni, Co and other indicator elements in weathering is higher than that in the Yellow River, they experienced weathering and erosion, Zn in the deposition of the transportation, Cu and other heavy metals The value is obviously higher than that of the Yellow River, they have more or less pollution, B03 Cu, Zn was the highest, the likelihood of contamination from the Yellow River mouth to the Shandong Peninsula in the process of migration is relatively large; REE characteristics show that HL-2, HL-3 and HK1 and the the Yellow River matter is quite similar, the content of rare earth elements in other samples were the Yellow River is higher than the material of rare earth elements, rare earth elements have a high content of their value in that they deposited in the process of handling may accept the influence from other substances.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：P736

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