本文選題：碳　切入點(diǎn)：收支與遷移　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院（海洋研究所）》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：陸架邊緣海在全球碳循環(huán)中起著異常重要的作用，本研究聚焦長(zhǎng)江口及鄰近海域，重點(diǎn)開(kāi)展了2012年和2013年夏季期間其水體與沉積物碳的分布變化特征、海-氣界面CO2通量以及碳遷移收支等研究，獲得如下結(jié)論： 1.海氣界面碳的遷移通量在不同區(qū)域和不同調(diào)查時(shí)間其變化很大，但近十幾年來(lái)夏季碳匯強(qiáng)度有增強(qiáng)的趨勢(shì)，長(zhǎng)江口及鄰近海域海氣界面碳通量主要受控于水團(tuán)混合、生物生產(chǎn)等；海水中的無(wú)機(jī)碳和有機(jī)碳變化幅度較大，其垂直分布主要受水動(dòng)力影響，，近河口區(qū)域水體10m層DIC高濃度阻礙了表層DIC的進(jìn)一步向下輸送，這可能是導(dǎo)致河口區(qū)表層水CO2分壓較高的原因之一。 2012年夏東海調(diào)查海域表層水pCO2變化范圍為96.28-577.7μatm，平均為297.6μatm，低值區(qū)出現(xiàn)在長(zhǎng)江沖淡水區(qū)（123°-125°E，30°-33°N），高值區(qū)主要分布在東海陸架的南部區(qū)域。表層水pCO2主要受控于長(zhǎng)江沖淡水的輸入和混合（鹽度）、臺(tái)灣暖流以及生物生產(chǎn)等。調(diào)查區(qū)域FCO2平均為-6.410±7.486mmolC·m-2·d-1，表現(xiàn)為大氣CO2的匯，各海域碳匯強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)江沖淡水區(qū)（CDW）黃東�；旌纤畢^(qū)（YEMW）咸淡水混合區(qū)（SMW）近岸上升流區(qū)（CUW）臺(tái)灣暖流區(qū)（TWCW），該區(qū)域夏季每日吸收大氣CO2合計(jì)約1.83±1.98萬(wàn)噸（以C計(jì)）。結(jié)合歷史資料分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，長(zhǎng)江口鄰近海域自2001年以來(lái)夏季碳匯強(qiáng)度有增強(qiáng)的趨勢(shì)，CDW區(qū)的海-氣界面CO2通量年增幅為-0.814mmolC·m-2·d-1，海水吸收大氣二氧化碳每年增加約5.46萬(wàn)噸（以C計(jì)），是夏季東海碳匯增加的主要貢獻(xiàn)者。夏季CDW區(qū)域碳匯的增強(qiáng)可能與這一季節(jié)長(zhǎng)江月徑流量的增加有關(guān)，這種碳匯增強(qiáng)作用可能是暫時(shí)的。 2013年夏季，長(zhǎng)江口鄰近海域表層水體DIC和POC含量高于2012年夏季。長(zhǎng)江沖淡水不足，而高堿度的黃海水輸入是引起TA以及DIC升高的原因。表層水體POC受陸源輸入影響顯著，與TSM高度相關(guān)。在近河口區(qū)域，隨著表層沖淡水向東遷移，顆粒物逐漸沉降，POC隨TSM的下降而下降。夏季長(zhǎng)江口鄰近海域水體分層明顯，各參數(shù)的垂直變化受水體分層的影響顯著。近河口區(qū)域的DIC在10m層富集，10m層高DIC也阻礙了表層DIC的進(jìn)一步向下輸送，這可能是導(dǎo)致近河口區(qū)表層水CO2分壓較高的原因之一，而遠(yuǎn)離河口的區(qū)域未出現(xiàn)這一明顯的富集現(xiàn)象。 2.在夏季東海向日本海輸送碳，其輸送通量達(dá)76.0tC/s，其中DIC占96.06%，在海洋碳循環(huán)中，無(wú)機(jī)碳的遷移占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)；對(duì)東海夏季碳收支的估算結(jié)果表明，其區(qū)域碳收支并不平衡，這可能預(yù)示著水體存在不同形式碳的轉(zhuǎn)化以及其他渠道存在。長(zhǎng)江口區(qū)域碳的沉積作用顯著，河口區(qū)截留了大部分長(zhǎng)江徑流輸入的PIC。 夏季東海DIC、DOC和POC的輸入主要是通過(guò)臺(tái)灣暖流帶入，輸出主要是向日本海輸出。夏季東海是日本海的一個(gè)碳源，其輸送通量達(dá)76.0tC/s，其中DIC占96.06%。沉積埋藏是東海碳的另一個(gè)主要輸出項(xiàng)，陸架區(qū)有機(jī)碳的沉積通量為0.15tC/s。東海水體間碳收支并不平衡，可能預(yù)示東海水體中碳可能存在不同形態(tài)間的轉(zhuǎn)化以及地下水輸入等行為，這些隱性碳輸入項(xiàng)可能被忽視。據(jù)估算，長(zhǎng)江口海域海底地下水滲入攜帶的DIC輸入通量就可達(dá)0.142 0.708tC/s，增加這些碳的輸入項(xiàng)，東海的碳收支趨于平衡。 長(zhǎng)江口及鄰近海域的沉積作用顯著影響著河口區(qū)的碳遷移過(guò)程，河口區(qū)每年沉積的有機(jī)碳約占河流輸送DOC和POC之和的三分之一，沉積的無(wú)機(jī)碳占河流輸送PIC的88%，河口區(qū)截留了大部分長(zhǎng)江徑流輸入的PIC。夏季長(zhǎng)江口海域向東海輸出碳共0.88tC/s，其中DIC為主要輸出形態(tài)，PIC輸出最少。
[Abstract]:The marginal sea of continental shelf plays an important role in the global carbon cycle . This study focuses on the study of the distribution of carbon in water and sediment during the summer of 2012 and 2013 , the CO2 flux in the sea - gas interface and the carbon migration and expenditure during the summer of 2012 and 2013 . The following conclusions are obtained :

1 . The migration flux of carbon in the sea - gas interface varies greatly in different regions and in different times of investigation . However , there is an increasing trend in summer carbon sink intensity over the last decade . The carbon fluxes of the sea - gas interface in the Yangtze Estuary and adjacent sea areas are mainly controlled by water mass mixing , biological production , etc .
The vertical distribution of inorganic carbon and organic carbon in the sea water is mainly influenced by hydrodynamic forces . The high concentration of 10 m - layer DIC in the water body near Hekou area is an obstacle to the further downward transport of the surface layer DIC , which may be one of the causes of high CO2 partial pressure in the surface layer of the estuary .

In the summer of 2012 , the change range of surface water pCO2 is 96.28 - 577.7 渭atm , the average is 297.6渭atm , and the low - value area appears in the southern region of the Yangtze River . The peak area of CO2 is - 6.410 鹵 7.486mmolC 路 m - 2 路 d - 1 , which is the main contributor to the increase of carbon sink in the East China Sea . The enhancement of carbon sink in the CDW region may be related to the increase of the monthly runoff of the Yangtze River .

In the summer of 2013 , the surface water body DIC and POC content in the adjacent sea area of the Yangtze River were higher than in the summer of 2012 . The Yellow Sea water input with high alkalinity was caused by the elevation of TA and DIC .

2 . Carbon was transported to the Sea of Japan in the East China Sea in summer , and the flux reached 76.0tC / s , of which DIC accounted for 96.06 % , and in the ocean carbon cycle , the migration of inorganic carbon accounted for absolute advantage ;
The results of the summer carbon budget in the East China Sea indicate that the regional carbon budget is not balanced , which may indicate the existence of different forms of carbon in the water body and the existence of other channels .

澶忓涓滄搗DIC,DOC鍜孭OC鐨勮緭鍏ヤ富瑕佹槸閫氳繃鍙版咕鏆栨祦甯﹀叆,杈撳嚭涓昏鏄悜鏃ユ湰嫻瘋緭鍑

本文編號(hào)：1696910